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Shampinona- Variety pehea ki te wehe i harore kai, me te paitini?

He maha ngā momo o te harore, engari ka kōrero tatou e pā ana ki harore pātene (Agaricus). I teie mahana, e kore te mea e tika ana ki te kohikohi ia ratou i roto i te ngahere, no te mea i roto i nga hokomaha hokona harore ma ataahua iti - he momo o te mushroom. ako te French pehea ki te tupu ratou i roto i te rau tau XVII. I tēnei wā, i roto i te harore kai i roto i ngā o te hanga, ni'ai tenei momo te wahi tuatahi i roto i te ao.

Harore i roto i te āhua

Ahakoa to ratou utu, he tokomaha te titau ki te tiki atu ki te āhua mō ngā harore, no te mea te "hopu mushroom" - he tino whai hua, ngahau me te mahi whakaongaonga. āhei te reira ki a koutou mawhiti rawa i raruraru rā, ki te noho i te tahi wa anake ki te taiao. Ka rite ki te mea te reira ngā ki te kitea e te tarutaru ranei rau ataahua harore reka, me te mea e waimarie, me te hapu iti katoa! He whaikörero harore, kawea mai i roto i te ngahere, papa rēhia, Marehekepa me tae noa i runga i te papa kohatu.

He pileate agaric ratou. I roto i te natura, i reira e te iti rawa 60 ngā momo o ratou ki ngā āhuatanga noa, engari katoa ahua o te harore he ona ake āhuatanga mushroom. Lamellar karanga enei harore, i runga i te o te potae he pereti. Young harore i roto i te paraharaha ma, ka māwhero, hei te koroheke pango me te parauri me te pango me te parauri.

Tenei tirohanga rerekē i te aroaro o te mowhiti i runga i te kakau. Pūmatua me ngā tātā - ko te tinana fruiting me ko te mycelium i roto i te whenua. Ko te kahu o raro o potae champignon ineine pua ki nei tini ratou, hanga he mycelium hou. Ka taea e whakaputa uri me te toene mongamonga mā te hanga tikanga pai hoki reira.

Ka taea e harore iti e te pōtae kore anake waia porohita āhua, engari ano hoki pere-āhua, tata porotakaroa. Ka rite ki te mata o tona neke atu, me hanga mowhiti kotahi e rua ranei, i runga i te kakau. tonu te pōtae ki te kauwhau i, hei pereti atu kitea i roto i te wahi o raro. I roto i te puka whakawhānui, te mea he puka āhua ranei tino Piko.

harore kai

A feruri i te maha o ngā momo, te tino noa i roto i te ara o te mushroom: ngahere, nga wiwi, mara, bisporus.

Ngahere (Agaricus silvaticus), i ētahi wā i huaina "blagushka". Ka taea te kitea i tēnei momo o te mushroom i roto i ngahere coniferous i waenganui-raumati ki Oketopa, rawa i runga i pukepuke popokorua. Ahakoa te reka, kei te uaua kohia reira. E rave rahi Akakoa e i te tahuri o te penupenu riro te tae hāurakaho-whero.

waewae nui Young harore, ki te mowhiti ma, i roto i ngā tauira tawhito taea te mahue. Pōtae ovoid, ka riro ohu nei, rite te āhua o te pere, a muri mai - he flat-piko. He tawerewere kaiota te parauri.

Lugovoi (noa, Pecheritsa), te ingoa Latin - Agaricus campestris. Tenei momo o te mushroom mohiotia ara noho tāone, rite puta tata te whare - i roto i nga kari, ngā pāka. pai te reira e nehenehe e whenua pai-nga wairakau tupu i roto i te wahi kai, i roto i nga wahi e haere ana kararehe. Mushroom reka, me te rawa hua, tupu i roto i ngā rōpū nui.

Hat tae ma, tuatahi te mea he āhua porohita, ka ohu nei, ka flat. Peleti Pink, harore pakeke hina-parauri. He ma, me te u te kikokiko, i runga i tahuri māwhero te tapahia. Ka rite ki te "pito" hono taha o te potae ki te kakau wehea te ka tonu i roto i te mowhiti membranous i te tihi o te waewae.

Mara (Agaricus arvensis). Tenei momo - te whanaunga tata o te pīti, engari he tokomaha whakapono e tona reka he pai nui. E ia he, kakara rawa ahuareka motuhake, me te ko tetahi o te nui rawa i roto i te harore. I roto i ētahi wā ko 300 g te taimaha me te diameter o te potae, ko te 20 cm.

Young harore whai pōtae hua manu, e āta riro te āhua Plano-ohu nei, ki te kiri silky, ina pa ki a koutou te huringa tae ki kōwhai. I roto i te mowhiti e rua-apa e te waewae i runga i nga papa o raro o te protrusions kōwhai āhuatanga tohaina. Records, rite te hoholo harore, huringa tae i māwhero ki parauri pouri.

Bisporus (Agaricus bisporus) - he ahua maheni katoa o te mushroom te whānui mahinga i roto i ngā āhuatanga horihori tenei.

harore teka

maha kohikohi kaiwhawhaki mushroom ite ore i raro herenga paitini (teka) he ahua o te mushroom, ka maka ki roto ki te kete ki te tahi atu harore. Ahakoa kore ratou whakamahi i roto i te kai, me te he mate, engari ka taea e meinga he rota o te he. Ahakoa i muri maimoatanga wera e penapena i roto i ngā matū paitini meinga poisoning tahi disorders intestinal, ruaki, colics.

Nuinga o ngā wā raruraru ki harore kai e rua harore momo, whakaahua kite koe. Yellows mushroom (Agaricus xanthodermus) puta e rua i roto i te parae, me te i roto i te tarutaru. Tenei momo o te pōtae ma inedible, maha ki te wahi grayish-parauri.

Ko te penupenu i roto i runga i te taitara, ina tonu tahuri te wāhanga kōwhai. Ko te wahi o raro o te waewae, kōwhai rawa, i ētahi wā karaka. Kei te maha tenei momo o te pere-pōtae raruraru ki te parae. I tua atu i te tae o te kikokiko, e taea e taiea i te haunga rawa kino, whakarei nei e tahaki.

Ploskoshlyapkovy, korangorango, kawe mushroom (Agaricus Placomyces) - tetahi atu harore inedible, kitea nei i roto i ngahere whakauru, me te coniferous. Tona pōtae tae grayish-parauri, ki te wahi pouri i roto i te pokapū, hipoki ki te unahi. Ko te kakara kino o ngä carbolic inedibility tenei momo.

I te tahi taime puputuu ki ngahere ploskoshlyapkovy mushroom, engari rite matou e matau kua, i roto i te momo ngahere hongi pai, me te āta tapahia te kikokiko ki whero, i te ngira kōwhai, me te āta tahuri parauri.

Tino maha, e kore e taea te kitea he kaiwhawhaki mushroom ngawari i taitamariki harore rite ki runga ki a ratou, engari mushroom whakamate paitini ma, me te toadstool koma. He ratou rite me pōtae, me mau api, me mowhiti i runga i nga waewae.

Me mahara te reira e taea te āta kite i te rerekētanga anake i roto i ngā tauira pakeke: i mushroom me toadstool ha ma, pērā harore kai, papa paraharaha, tae tonu kanapa. Kimihia he mushroom pakeke, me te tirotiro i te wahi o raro o te potae. Ko tētahi atu huarahi ohie ki te tirohia: ka tae kikokiko aki mushroom paitini e kore e huri.

Photo 1 - champignon rakau;

Photo 2 - champignon wiwi;

Photo 3 - Agaricus arvensis;

Photo 4 - mushroom kōwhai-kiri;

Whakaahua 5 - mushroom ploskoshlyapkovy.

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