Te whakatau i te MS-21, te airliner Russian hou

Torutoru nei mohio i tapa te kupu "manureva" te rohi pehe Futurist Vasily Kamensky. Ki te kahore hoki ia, inaianei hanga matou haere rangi, kia rite ki te tahi atu tangata katoa o te ao, i runga i manureva, i te wa ano, kua roa i whai pānga ratou ki a tatou ki "takiwā" me "Farman" i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. Na ko te wa ki te mahara e kia kia Russia tona, me nga kupu katoa me mahi. Na LINERS pāhihi, rawa. Pipiri 8 I tū whakaaturanga o te rererangi pāhihi Russian hou MS-21. I roto i Irkutsk, tae Pirimia mo te take.

rangi Russian inanahi, me te i ēnei rā

Soviet rererangi haukāinga, (e kore e ki te whakahua i te hōia) i roto i kore ara hoki iho ki ritenga Western, rite kitea e ratou wahi nui o te mākete rererangi ao. i taea e te reira atu ki te kahore hoki te huru tōrangapū. Heoi, i tenei, a inaianei e kore e taea mawhiti, me te wero, ko te ki te whakarite kia taputapu kāinga, i te iti rawa, Air Russian me etahi ke. I te wa nei i roto i te rangi ake maha taea e koe te kite i te "Boeing", "Airbus", "Fokker" ranei Canadian tetahi "Bombardier" atu i te Tupolev hoahoa mīhini me Ilyushin pokapū. O te akoranga, mō ia ara e hiahiatia rererangi o tona momo, roa me te pāhihi waka, aua, ko te MC-21 Ko te tino rongonui katoa i runga i te ao te wāhi reo-LINERS, whakarato whenua tata whakawhanakehia katoa te rere pāhihi matua. Hoki, he tika ana mo te waka o akatuke'anga tenei momo. Ko reira ki a ia, tino pea, ka whai ki te pēhi i te kaihanga ke i roto i te motu (a kore anake) mākete.

Whakatakotoranga me te kaupapa

Ki te kahore hoki te utu tiketike e tika ana ki motupaika pai, me te tono o ngā hangarau hou, tae atu ki ngā rauemi pūtaiao, airliner MS-21 hāngai ki te ngā nāianei, me te heke mai matua i roto i te ahumahi rererangi ao. Ko reira, e nehenehe o neke ka kīia e subsonic tiketike, hangaia kia rite ki te kaupapa puāwaitanga o te iti-Pālesi ki parirau kahakina me rua engines, e iri i runga i pylons. Ko te takere he wāhanga ripeka porohita, he tikanga ano hoki te hiku. Ko te waho o te rererangi i reira he mea pāhoro, he rite ki te tetahi i i whakamahia e te kamupene maha i mua i te tahora. Machine teitei - 11.5 m, roa 42.3 m, mōrahi whānuitanga o ngā mutu-kore whati - 5,9-6 mano Km.. i runga i te whakarerekētanga rānei

akatuke'anga

Ahakoa aho whakarato tauira e rua anake momo. tūru MS-21-200 rererangi 135 ki te 176 ngā pāhihi, te whakatau whakamutunga i runga i te whakanohonga o nga tūru ka manakohia e te kiritaki, i runga i Salon nga manakohanga klassnosti, kua wehea nei ki "pakihi" rohe me te "ōhanga" rānei. I roto i tetahi hui, he manakohia te whakamarie whakaratohia. MS-21-300 Whakarereke waho noa atu rerekē pai takere ahu i 163 ki te 221 te iwi i roto i reira. Nä, te mutu-kore rere roa o ana kiromita kotahi rau iti. He tino hāneanea tūru katoa, a i roto i te tua ki te pokapū whakangahau hoki eke e ko inaianei te täkupu. E hoki whakarerekētanga Avionics rerekē, whakatere me te tahi atu taputapu.

Developers me ngā kaiwhakanao

hangaia te airliner i roto i NPK "Irkut" i roto i te mahi tahi ki te Bureau ingoa. Yakovlev, Ko te tuarua i roto i te aamu o te kaupapa Russian hou (i muri i te Tu-204), tino whakatinana i roto i 1991 i runga i te pūtake o te ahurei me te tuatahi i roto i te rau tau XXI. No nia i te turanga production, he reira he hua o te mahi tahi kikī. Na, i te rererangi tipu Ulyanovsk i muri i te whakarewatanga o te raupapa e hei te roto o te fare, e whakaoti me te peita mihini, ka whakatinana tuku tika ki te kiritaki. I te wheketere "Aviastar" mahere ki te tuku i nga awhi koture mai o te takere, me ngā mahi whakaminenga. I roto i te whānui, i te huringa wāhi Ltd. "Vaso", JSC "AeroComposite" src aratohu kai "Technology", JSC "Rusaviainterer" me ētahi atu kamupene ahumahi.

mahere production

Ko te mīhini kape tuatahi, pukapuka-i roto i nei kua riro kē wahi i hanga, kei te katoa i te Irkutsk Aviation Plant. whakaritea te whati tuatahi kei te hoki muri mai i tēnei tau, ka timata production papatipu i roto i te muri, a ka ka timata deliveries ki kiritaki. I te haapapûraa o te peresideni o te kaporeihana "Irkut" Oleg Demchenko, te MS-21 whakataetae kore he whakamataku, kua reira maha rawa painga kitea, e rua hangarau me te utu. Whakahau hoki te rererangi ko, i 175 kape (rite ki ētahi atu raraunga kua runga i te 186), i kua ratou zaavansirovany, a na 2020 ka meinga te mahere 40 kape i te tau. ngā mīhini auaha te aro o Air maha, tae atu, o te akoranga, "Aeroflot".

pailati

whakamana pairatiraa ki te rā mā te whakamahi i ngā whakaaturanga hāneanea, whakarato i te pānga o "nga taiepa mārama", me te mana waea kakautohu tārua. Kei te waka o e rua, kaiurungi tuatahi, me te tuarua, ki te kahore, o te akoranga, nga kaimahi rere, e whakapiki i te mahi ōhanga. Ko te taea o te taputapu whakatere he nui rawa, me te nuinga o te pūnaha mea i roto i Russia.

engines

I te tīmatanga Airframe hangaia ki te taea o oti engines toko o rua ngā momo, te American "PW1000G Pratt a Whitney» ranei motu PD-14 hangaia e JSC "Aircraft Engine", oti nei i mitimiti te i tenei wa. kia whakarato nekeneke Russian taua kakama e tenei i roto i iho ka whakatutuki i te ahumahi rererangi. Ko reira te tīmatanga o te hua o te whānuitanga katoa o ngā waeine mana, aru e te whakamahi o ētahi atu waka rererangi, tae atu te pūpū "Superjet-100" Sukhoi tēnei wā Russian-French PowerJet SaM146. I te tauira tuatahi whakapumautia engines American. huarahi Universal whakapiki i nga tikanga whakataetae o te rererangi MS-21.

Whakataetae me painga

Na te mea matua, ara nga āhuatanga e tukua kaiwhakahaere ki te whakaatu fakatu'amelie "Irkut" i roto i te tirohanga o mua tata. Competition i roto i te mākete o te rererangi production he tiketike tēnei wā, tae noa tango ki pūkete te tupu matapae i roto i te tono rererua i roto i te tekau tau e haere mai ana, te wāhanga o te waka rererangi kotahi-aroa ki te kaha nohoanga o te neke atu i te kotahi rau te iwi. mātātoa tōna whanaketanga whakatairanga Bombardier (raupapa C), Airbus, Boeing, a tae noa te u Hainamana "Komaki" noa ahakoa China i kore mua i whakaaro te mana rererangi ārahi. I tua atu, "Irkut", āhua, he iti mutunga ki ona minamina ana, tuku tau te whakataetae i te torutoru ki te tiki pukapuka kia.

I roto i neke ki te hokohoko ao hanga "Superjet" te taha Russian kua he raupapa o hape, a inaianei ko te wa ki te tātari tika a ratou, i roto i te tikanga e kore e ki te faahiti. Na, te tuatahi o katoa ko te utu, ka waiho i te reira iti iho i te $ 30 miriona., Nei hāngai ki te taumata iti o tenei ra. tutuki ana tēnei hua te tika ki te meka e neke atu i te hawhe o nga wae hangaia i roto i Russia. Tuarua, i roto i te rerekē ki te wā kāore i mua, ka whakapumautia te reira i te pūnaha mārama o te hangarau i muri-hoko ngā tautoko. ka utu te toru, tiaki me te kohi wahie te kaihoko riihi ranei ki te riihi i te tika o te iti rawa 15% iti atu i roto i te take ki ētahi atu kaituku. I tua atu, ka te tukanga pūtea ano kia hou ki reira, ka kukume tahatika arumoni. tenei katoa ka taea ki a tatou tatau i runga i te angitu o te rererangi Russian hou e kore anake i roto i te kāinga, engari ano i roto i ngā mākete ke. hiahia anake MS-21 rangi mārama, ataahua ūnga ngohengohe me faarevaraa e.