Toa "Typhoon": āhuatanga me photo

Mai te Pakanga o te Ao Tuarua ko Vietnam, ka kitea e ki te pato'iraa patu riro rawa uaua, kahore tautoko rangi. I roto i tohua tau tata nei i te taha o te whanaketanga tere o te whakaeke whenua me te toa rererangi, kua ngā te ahumahi ki tenei whanaketanga pūtaiao hou, me te hou.

Ko tētahi o te hua tino whakakitenga o te hanumi o te pūtaiao korero me te hangarau kua riro he toa "Typhoon". E ai ki ārahi tohunga ke, me te kāinga i roto i te mara o te rererangi, ko reira tetahi o te nuinga o ngā tauira-kounga tiketike o ringa Western. He aha te mea tenei manureva me pehea te āhuatanga reira, whakaahua tatou i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Tonu, mōhio tatou e tona tupuna tawhiti, "Typhoon" - ko ano hoki te toa o te Pakanga II o te Ao, tino 'Ū me nui mahi ora.

ngā mōhiohio taketake

I tona matua, tenei māhanga-engine wha-whakatupuranga toa. Āhuatanga e te parirau raorao, a i hanga ki runga ki te "parera." Me kï reira e te whakarerekētanga o "Typhoon", i tukua nei i roto i nga tau torutoru mua e ki whakatupuranga 4+ me 4 ++. I roto i te whānui, i whakarewahia te whanaketanga o te taua rererangi te fafau i hoki i roto i te 1979.

mīhini wātea tonu i roto i putanga e wha. putanga motuhake i mo te UK, Germany, Italy ko Spain. Rawa ngā Ko te meka e kore e wātea i roto i te wahi kotahi nga kōrero mo te tuku o te rererangi: tenei wāhi e rave rahi huinga rererangi ahumahi.

kirimana kāwanatanga

Kia whakarārangi o te hunga e hua nga wahi tino nui o te takere me te pūkaha:

• Alenia Aeronautica. He whakaahua i te hoki o te take, flaperons me mahue parirau.

• BAE Systems. īnaki te reira i te kaiwhakanao tuatahi i roto i te hanga o ngā wāhanga mo te tuarongo wahi o te rererangi whai wāhi i roto i hokohoko i te mua o te takere (ki PGO) gargrota, rama. te kawenga mō te tailplane hoki.

• EADS Deutschland. Na te reira e te wāhanga pokapū, a kua whakaputa i te wahi pokapū o te tinana.

• EADS Casa. Ko te kamupene hua kākaho, me te parirau tika.

Nui hanganga āhuatanga

Ko te tikanga, ko te toa "Typhoon" i hanga te nuinga i runga i te whakamahi o te matatau te nuinga o te hikohiko rererangi me whakatutukitanga. Kua mahi nga kaihoahoa he rota i roto i te tikanga ki te whakanui i te āhuatanga nukarau, ara ka haere mai ki te patu i raro koki tino.

hangaia matou te rererangi rite ki te kaupapa e pā ana te whakamahi o te parirau raorao ki te ola o 53 nekehanga. Kākaho me ngā paki - e rua-wāhanga, canards whakamana e te momo hurihuri, takere me te urungi - kahore stabilizer. he kaupapa taua ko tika te huri mai taua, me te tino koi hua o te rererangi, me te hekenga i roto i ātete o te rangi i kīia e paorangi.

Samolet- "kitea"

Ki te whakaiti i te aritanga hihiani o te mīhini, i hanga te mata ārahi o te mua ko te hiku o te rauemi e absorbs ngaru irirangi. Ahakoa mana kore e te toa "Typhoon" no ki te kāwai o mihini hanga te hangarau "puku" i roto i tona production e whānui hangarau whakamahia me ngā rauemi e taea tōtika ore oioi i te ngaru irirangi. I roto i te meka, hoatu he mahi taua i te aroaro o kaihoahoa te tīmatanga: me pehea ki te hanga i te waka rererangi kitea atu e taea e te mua mō te kitenga hihiani hou.

kua aha kua meatia ki te whakatutuki i tenei? Tuatahi, i paremo te horomanga rangi mōrahi i roto i te whare motors mutunga mua masked whakaaro motuhake. Katoa waka rererangi amo o te tapa parirau ārahi me stabilizers hiku, ka hipoki ki te mata mua o te rauemi ngongo hihiani radiation. I tua atu, i te whakatārewatanga o missiles arahina nui taea ofi ki te tinana, e hanga hoki reira taea ki te huna ia ratou i te hihiani hoariri radiation.

Here kia whakahuatia ai e i reira nga "Typhoon" - he toa-rererangi, maha-whakaaro, me reira whakarite i tona invisibility tonu e taea i roto i te parau tumu (engari ehara i te mea na e tika ana).

ngā taketake

Tata Kua whakawhanakehia katoa o nga wāhanga hou me alloys e kua tutuki taua tohu tiketike e Engineers EADS / āwangawanga DASA. I tua atu, ko te kamupene taua tetahi o nga kaiwhakatū, a ka nga kaihanga o maha wāhanga hanganga nui o te rererangi. Ēnei wāhi ngā tata katoa o te mata ārahi o parirau e rua, nga papa o waho, me te roto o te horomanga rangi, me te elevators me wāhanga tata tukunga.

Ko te rauemi taketake i whakamahia i roto i te hanga

E rave rahi o te rauemi e whakamahia ana, a kahore he pera nui te alloys konumohe tikanga mō te rererangi. Ko te kupu, neke atu i te 40% o te katoa taimaha o te Airframe ko CFRP. Ko te nui o te konukōhatu konumohe koranu, me te tae mai ki te 20% i runga i te pūkete koranu konumohe parakore mo 18%. rauemi High-kaha i runga i Titanium noho 12%, me te muka karaihe kaute mō te 10%. kati rererangi mata i 70% o te muka waro, 12% he rauemi e hāngai ana i runga i te muka karaihe.

Mō 15% o te rohe taka ki runga ki te whakarewa, me tetahi atu 3% kei te tino roa kirihou me ngā rauemi hanga atu. E te ara, i roto i Pākehā katoa rererangi whawhai tino hangarau rawa te toa "Typhoon": 5% o te rongoā hangarau e whakamahia ana i kore ano i whakakitea, kia rite ki te whanaketanga huna o ngā pokapū wāhi Pākehā.

Ahakoa i roto i te whakamahere tuatahi o te hanganga rererangi i whakatakotoria iho huru i roto i te ngā o te tohutoro e kore e nui ake te taimaha o te rererangi kau 9999 kirokaramu. I tua atu, ko te whakamahi o te hanganga whakaurua i te hoahoa o alloys hou e hāngai ana i runga i te konupora me te konumohe. e kore te mea iti iho i te ono mano haora Rauemi waka tauihi. Ko te kupu, ko te toa "Typhoon" tino outperforms te US F-35, e rerekē tenei ahua i waenganui i 2-4 mano haora.

Āhuatanga o ngā āhuatanga hanganga

hanga te tinana te o te kaupapa āhua-inarapa. He tino whai hua patu nama pailati, e tiaki te pairati i te takitahi ringa iti ahi. Teneti - tselnoformovanny, ngā tawhiti i manakohia o te whare. tukua tenei otinga te pairati ki te whakarite mōrahi arotake pai. He tino nui i roto i te pōhēhē a rangi whawhai o tenei ra tenei. I roto i tenei take, te toa "Typhoon", e kua he whakaahua i roto i te tuhinga, ko tetahi o nga waka pai o NATO.

Ka rite ki ta matou i kua mea, i roto i te hoahoa o te kaupapa kua oti te reira whakamahia ki odnokilevym huruhuru, i te mea rawa he wāhi nui. Tino kite pūnaha exchanger wera rangi horomanga nui. hanga te kiri parirau katoa te o muka waro tino roa. Heoi, i reira he kotahi okotahi. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki ipu me tōkena e whakakotititia ana, e kua kei i nga pito o te parirau. E hanga ana ratou o alloys konumohe, me te konukōhatu.

Ko te rohe katoa o te stabilizer whakapae ko 2.40 m ^2. He hoki hoki tona production waerau Kōmāmā (te nuinga). Mämä noa iho, te toa "Typhoon" (whakaahua e taea kite koe i roto i tenei rauemi) ko te rererangi nui-tech, tona production e taea noa kahore te turanga kaha ahumahi.

huriaro

taputapu tauranga - Tricycle. Rite rawa ki whata unicycle. Ko te taa Ko e te tokorua tuatahi haere ki te aronga o te tinana, i nekehia atu te mua te whakamua. Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga rerekē mō te mīhini o NATO - Kei te tino papaitia te tahuhu mō te ū i runga i te rawa taratara, runways painga hanga ana. Ko reira te mea he raruraru. I te tīmatanga i riro te reira e ka kia rite ki te rima rau mita te roa iti o GDP mō te whakatō. Hoki tenei tohu, ko ano hoki te toa "Eurofighter Typhoon" ki te riro tapahi-mata.

Otiia kua i roto i te whakamātautau mara tuatahi ka mārama e i roto i taua mau huru i reira te mea he pukā kaha o nga pereki, a reira i nui haere te roa raro taea ki te 750 mita. Heoi, i roto i te wā tino, te pairati e taea te whakamahi i te hekerangi wahia.

Engine Hoahoa, ngā whakaritenga taketake powerplant

timata te pūkaha ki te whakawhanake hoki i te 1983. timata tawhiti mahi i roto o wahi: te pūtake o te pūkaha tangohia i te rererangi "Āwhā". Heoi, i reira he tohu i riro i te tipu te mana i te mihini Rolls-Royce XG.40 whakamātau. Ko nga mea katoa ko reira, tīmataria whakamātautau pae i anake i roto i te tau 1988.

Ko te hua ko te whanaketanga o te EJ200. Tenei karo pūkaha turbofan, he āhuatanga o te mea he afterburner nui. E hanga matatahi mīhini huri hiko ki whānui o ngā rauemi monocrystalline kōpae katoa hangaia e te tikanga o te paura rikarika ki te whakamahi. Ko tino mamati pūnaha mana toko. I tua atu, ko te pūkaha he pūnaha integrated tātaritanga. Tata te wahi i whakaritea katoa o te pūkaha i hanga o ngā rauemi hiato. tiakina te ruma ngingiha te i kākahu e hāngai ana hanganga uku.

Tenei aro ki taipitopito hanga te toa "Eurofighter Typhoon" tetahi o te tino tu'uloa rererangi whawhai hou. Ko te kupu, kia rite ki o 2010 kua reira kohia kua neke atu i te 250 engines, he rauemi kua e kua kawea mai ki runga ki te 10 mano haora.

Kei te horomanga rangi te raro i te takere, ona takiwa pumau. He tika, raro nga taiepa taha - kōpiko. He arai poutū, kua wehea tenei hanga ki rua takere, e taea te e whakakotititia ana te wahi o raro o ia o ratou, te whakarato i te rere pai o te rangi i raro i braking taimaha.

Whakatakotoranga engine

Kia mahara e ara i roto i te wā hoahoa rererangi, kua hainatia Germany, United Kingdom, Spain me Itari he kawenata i raro i i taumautia te whenua ki te mahi tahi ki te whakawhanake me te whakarerekē i te pūnaha toko mo te Eurofighter Typhoon. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te pūkaha, ko te kore noa tona mauroa me te ratonga te ora, me te hoahoa modular. Kua heke tēnei otinga maia te wa e hiahiatia ana mo tona tuuraki, ki runga ki te 45 meneti.

He nga āhuatanga e whai ake nei i te pūkaha:

• Akina "maroke" Ko 6120 kg.

• Maoa uara taupū - 9097 kg.

• rerekē ngā kohi rere wahie noa i 0,745 ki te 0,813 kg / haora kg.

• I roto i te aratau afterburner, tenei tohu kua he rota atu - i 1.65 ki te 1.72 kg / kg ia haora.

• Ko te pāmahana o te haurehu tukuna e te mīhini huri hiko e taea tae 1840 ° K.

• Ko te auau rere o te hau toharite ko te 76 kg / s.

• Ko te diameter mīhini huri hiko matua - 740 mm.

• Ko te roa tapeke o te tipu te mana - 4 mita.

• e ata reira 989 kg.

• Rauemi putanga tawhito - 6 mano haora, engari engines hou ka taea e rere kē i 10,000 ..

• Ko te wā i waenganui i ngā arowhai o te pūkaha - kotahi mano haora ..

Ko tenei te mea te āhuatanga "Typhoon" (toa). Power plane pērā e taea tae te reira i te tere mōrahi o runga ki te 2 Mach, i te mea e pā ana ki 2.5 mano kiromita ia haora.

rakau wahie

te tikanga supply o wahie penapena i roto i te takere me te i roto i te wahi takere me parirau i roto i nga waka tauā o rauemi tiketike-kaha. Ko taea ki te waiho i runga i hardpoints rua noa tank e manawapa he kaha o 1,500 rita me 1000 rita aua. kia tino kï reira e kua whakaratohia te kaihoahoa ha faingamālie ki te rangi te tamaa, ngā rerekē atu i te tika "Typhoon" (toa). Fighter rererangi o tenei tauira, te whakamahi i te rāhui katoa o wahie, ka taea e rere e pā ana ki wha mano kiromita (i roto i te meka - e kore neke atu i 3200).

Pūnaha Mana Flight

quadruplex Flight Whakahaere Pūnaha urutau. Kia mōhio ai i reira he kahore hongere pūrua aunoa. Ko reira e tika ana ki ngā pūnaha hiko matatini whakarato te ngāwari teitei i kīia e mōrahi o rere, me te te whanonga māia o te rererangi i roto i taua tikanga. Titiro whakamua pūnaha PIRATE me he pini-Doppler teihana ECR90 he wahi o te huinga matua o patu.

pūnaha navigation Inertial. Kua he gyros taiaho mowhiti, ka taea e te pairati whakamahi i te kanohi-tohu motuhake, me te taputapu, i Waitohungia aunoa i te matua o te whakaeke hoariri. I tua atu, i te pūnaha taua he kawenga mo te whakamāramatanga o nekeneke karo me waka whakaeke hoariri. O te akoranga, kia hanga i te hikohiko tūtohutanga mo te pūnaha patu e te whakamahi pai i roto i te dogfight.

Systems Defence me patua pūnaha

Ko te hau hiko tino utu ko te pūnaha dass. Ko tōna he wa roa ki te hanga whare matatau i roto i Germany me te UK. Ko te tukanga pūnaha me te whakamārama raraunga e tango ana i te rererangi i te taputapu taiaho me hihiani. Ko reira haepapa mo te tuku o maimoa, me te jamming puna. whakahaere te reira i te rererangi me te tiaki hāngū. Whakanohoia ipu ki te taputapu i runga i te parirau. Ko te rangefinder taiaho e kei hoki ki te mahi o te ūnga tohu i runga i te pito o te wāhanga parirau.

Kia mōhio e tenei toa i roto i te parau tumu, e kore patu kokoru ā-. E whakakapi ratou e wāhanga waho suspensorial, e nui faaohie te rapunga o rererangi ki ngā pūnaha hihiani hoariri, engari ka taea e tino whakawhānui reira te whānuitanga o ngā patu whakamahia.

Tüturu hoki tenei tauira toa hangaia, ka whakamahia polukonformnye tāke wahie.

Kua suspensorial rererangi Tapeke ma toru knots. ahu ratou ki te tuu ki runga ki te wha tākirirangi "Skayflesh" (RAF) ranei "ahipi" (Italian Air Force). E whakanohoia ana e ratou i roto i te iti "Nini" tūranga i raro i te takere o te waka rererangi. Kei te whakaaetia hoki te reira ki te tuu rua missiles iti ASRAAM arahina ranei whai-9. E whakairihia ratou i runga i nga kōpuku i raro i nga parirau.

Ka taea te rite rawa rererangi Tapeke ki tekau missiles "Air-rangi", engari i roto i tenei take, e kore e me nui te tango-atu te taimaha o te motokā 18 taranata. e toru kōwae whakatārewatanga motuhake hangaia mō te iri atu tāke wahie. Kia mahara e te maha-tūranga toa "Typhoon" te atu rawa ki te ërä repo aunoa 27 mm, mahi nei i roto i te hanga o te u "Mauser" o.

poma-kawenga

Ki te whakamahere koe ki te mahi i ngā mahi patu i runga i te whenua, ka taea e te hardpoints waho e whitu hāngai ake ki te 6,500 kg o poma, me te i te iti rawa e ono missiles arahina "rangi-ki-rangi." Ko te pūtoro o ngā mahi whawhai taea nui ake i te mano kiromita. whakaaro te tiketike iti rawa o te whawhai mo te toa ko te tohu o 325 mita, mōrahi - kiromita. Ko te ki tonu rākau o te riri Fighter rererangi "Typhoon" (whakaahua o ia te tīariari i roto i tenei rauemi) e taea te kawe i roto i te misioni whawhai i roto i nga haora e toru me te hawhe.

Tohatoha o moni mo te hanga

Tapeke whakaritea i ki te whakaputa i 620 mīhini o tenei momo. Mai tuatahi i reira nga wha States e kua tūao ki whai wāhi i roto i te hōtaka, i wehea te rererangi i waenganui ia ratou, i runga i ngā aravihi production.

Hei tauira, whakahaeretia e te wheketere UK ki te kohikohi 232 "Typhoon", kohia i roto i Germany, 180 wae, ka te wahi o Itari 121 rererangi. Spaniards, e tika ana ki ngā āhuatanga production rawakore, i tukua ki te kohikohi 87 anake whawhai. Ko te rererangi tuatahi ka anga ki te tae i roto i te 2003. Kua riro te UK ano te rererangi toa tuatahi o tenei tauira i te wa ano, etahi o ratou tonu haere i runga i te hanganga o 17 Squadron. rererangi e āta whakamatauria te reira. Ho'i, te EU mana i roto i te waka rererangi Air Force riro anake 1 Hōngongoi 2005. I tukua te puranga tuatahi o 148 wae o whawhai, a ka he ano katoa o ratou i roto i te mahi.

Kua i roto i 2002, kua whakahuatia te kāwanatanga Austria moni i roto i te whiwhi 18 mongamonga o taputapu, e maka ana ki production tonu 2.55 piriona tāra. Heoi, i roto i te Pipiri 2007 e tika ana ki te raruraru tata, kua hou te kawenata: i roto i runga i te tikanga hou, hiahia nga Austrians ki te tiki atu i te 15 rererangi, me i roto i te whirihoranga atu "curtailed". Ki te rā, waitohu i te whakaaetanga rite ki te United Arab Emirates, me he kiritaki tata. Kua paku e kia hoatu te EU te otaota ki runga ki a ratou tonu 707 whawhai.

hainatia Whakaaetanga ki te timata hanga o te rua o nga puranga i Hakihea 14, 2004. Ko te tranche tuatahi o te waka rererangi ka mau ki te rangi i roto i te 2008. Ia maha-tūranga toa "Typhoon" (mīhini whakaahua ko, i roto i te tuhinga) tahi e te kaiwhakanao tonu o take tae noa ki te mutunga o te wā pūtāhui.

rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā putanga

I te tīmatanga i whakaaro ai e ka whakamahia nga rererangi o tenei tauira anake hoki whawhai ki rererangi hoariri. Otiia i muri i te timatanga o te pakanga i roto i Afghanistan, timata i ratou ki te tono mātātoa mo te pehanga o ngā taumata whenua. E te ara, ki te mahi i te toa i "Typhoon" ki te mig? Whakauaua. Ae, i roto i Afghanistan i taea e te mīhini Soviet kia, engari e te tika i taua wa i reira ko kē he pailate kotahi, ko wai i taea e ara ia ratou ki te rangi.

mihini ake kē i roto i te tau 2008 totonu taea te huaina i te whawhai maha-tūranga. taea te kitea e ratou i te whakarāpopototanga FGR4 (ki te ko te taitara, T3, i roto i te mua o koutou - te putanga rua o te rererangi). I mua ki te whakarereke hou te wātea "Typhoon" katoa i ake i mua i te mutunga o 2012. Kei te whakawhanakehia tēnei wā te toa "Typhoon 5" i roto i te tārere ki tonu. e kore te Āhuatanga mohiotia ano te reira.

Kua hua Ngā whakapaitanga i roto i te hua nui i roto i te taputapu tauranga, he huinga tino hou o Avionics, tae atu ake pūnaha Avionics. I tua atu, i reira i tino whakarei "rangi-whenua" momo pūnaha patu kua e kua fakahā atu e te hiahia mō te mahia o te mahi plane manureva whakaeke. I te kau, he tīmata hoki te whakatū o te toru o nga whakatupuranga o whawhai whiriwhiringa. Ki a ratou i roto i te EU kua mahere nui: kua whakaaro reira e i roto i te UK anake me kia i te iti rawa 170 "Typhoon" e 2030.

Ka whai i te putanga tuatoru o te rererangi i te waka tauā wahie tino conformal, kotahi ano, ka kia tino whakakapi e te hikohiko i runga i-papa. nui atu, te manureva toa ki te kia rite rawa ki te pūnaha toko ake kaha, me te hihiani kaha pūihi ngohi poua.

Ko te ngā tino ko te whakarerekētanga o te "Typhoon", hangaia hoki te RAF (toa "Typhoon MK 1"). I roto i tenei whakatinanatanga, ko te manureva tino hou ngā pūnaha take arata'iraa me Finders ngā taiaho e kua rawa whakawhanakehia e te kamupene korero Iseraela Rafael. Nui ake, me te poma rākau o te riri. Na, ngā te aroaro o pōma arahina taimaha 450 kirokaramu. hua ratou he kaporeihana American Raytheon. E ratou te rave'a o tuhu i te kurupae taiaho, me te pūnaha GPS-te ako.

Aircraft toru me te wha raupapa e haere petipeti ki mahi o nga whenua mema o te kirimana, me etahi kaihoko kahore mua 2017. Kei te riro te reira e me timata i te toa "Typhoon" whakatupuranga 5 ki te whakawhanake i i pā ana ki te wa ano.