Tohunga Aromātai: āhuatanga, tikanga, me ngā hua o

tohunga te aromātai - ko te ingoa o te pūnaha katoa o tikanga tātaritanga, e e tino whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te whakahaere, te tātari ohaoha, hinengaro, hokohoko, me te tahi atu wāhi. Ēnei tikanga tukua ki a tatou te whakaahua, whakaröpü, tautapa he tetahi paetukutuku i whakarite ranei ki ngā me ngā ariā e kore e e quantifiable.

I roto i ētahi wā, he arotake hoa

I roto i te akoranga o tetahi hōparatanga i roto i tetahi o ona wāhanga taea te tono tikanga aro mātai tohunga. Te mahi whakahaere, e taea ia haere mai i roto i te pepa:

• I roto i te taahiraa whakatau whāinga tukanga rangahau.
• A, no te hanga koe whakamatautau i te whakapae ranei.
• Hoki te whakamārama o te āhuatanga raruraru. Hoki te tikanga o te tukanga me ngā.
• I roto i te tikanga ki te whakatika i te hāngaitanga o te taputapu e whakamahia ana.
• Hei whakaputa tūtohutanga, me te mo te whakatutukitanga o te maha atu take.

Kei te aromatawai Tohunga i roto i te wā i reira e kore e taea ki te hanga i te whakatau e hāngai ana i runga i tātaitanga tika whakatikaia (ki te whakahiato i te whakaahua hinengaro, mahi, aromatawai o te ōhanga papû ore me tūponotanga).

Nuinga o ngā wā, te whakamahi o taua aromatawai hei nui i roto i te āhuatanga o te kōwhiri i tētahi, ētahi rānei taatou o te huinga whakaarohia:

• Neke ki te hanga o tetahi o nga rerekē hua whakawhanakehia.
• Ko te kōwhiringa o astronauts i kaitono maha.
• Whakamāramatanga o te kaupapa rangahau, ka e kia taurewa.
• Tīpakonga o te kamupene, i e riro i te nama taiao.
• Whakatau i o te kaupapa haumi mō moni haumi.

Ko wai e nga tohunga, a pehea mahi ratou

Ka rite ki te ingoa o te tikanga, tūmanakohia arotake hoa te ki kukume tetahi atu ranei mātanga me tohunga, takitahi mātau mō te hanga aromatawai, me te ratou whakaaro o te tukatuka. Kei te meatia e kōwhiringa tohunga tango ki pūkete ratou whakawa hāngaitanga me te wheako i roto i te toi.

Ka taea te faaite Aromātai Tohunga e rua te ine nui me qualitatively. Me ēnei akoranga tohunga kau taki, kaiwhakahaere me ngā kaimahi o te kōwae mana rite te pūtake mō-te whakatau kaupapa.

Whanaketanga o te arotake hoa te tino maha kawea atu e te rōpū mahi, e whakarite nei i nga mahi o te tohunga (e rave rahi tohunga ranei). Ki te whai koe ki te whakamahi i neke atu i te kotahi te tangata, e tahoê ratou i roto i te kōmihana tohunga.

Kia pehea te maha tohunga e hiahia ana?

Tei runga i te mahi motuhake me te whai wāhitanga hinonga mō te arotake aropā kotahi, neke atu rānei ngā mātanga kia karangatia ai. Ko te tata o te tohunga tuku ki takitahi ngā ranei.

riro takitahi aro mātai, e faaite i te hohonu ākonga mōhiotanga kaiako. kōrero hoki ki tenei momo o te tātaritanga i hanga e te tākuta. Heoi, ki te (ara mate nui, te take o te pananga o te ākonga) āhuatanga tautohetia ranei uaua, haere ki te whakatau ngātahi i o te pātai. He hiahiatia rururaa hauora me te komiti whakahaere o ngā kaiako.

E pā ana te taua hātepe i roto i te ope, tino maha hanga te whakatau ko te rangatira anake, engari kohikohi he runanga o te whawhai, ki te tika.

Ko te raupapa o te tikanga i whakaritea e

Ko te raupapa o te rā hanganga me te koha tōkeke tohu te wāhanga e whai ake nei:

1. Analysis o te āhuatanga e hiahia ana koe ki te tūhura.
2. Tīpakonga o tohunga ki te kawe i te tikanga.
3. He ako o te ara ngā i roto i nei e kawea atu i te aromatawai tohunga inenga.
4. E mau ana te nuinga o te tukanga i whakarite ai.
5. Tuhinga ka tātaritanga o ngā mōhiohio i whiwhi i roto i te aro mātai.

kia rapua e tenei te whakatinanatanga o te whakamanatanga tāuru, ka e kia hāngai te aromātai tohunga. I roto i ētahi wā, he tika te rōpū mahi ki te huri i te rōpū tohunga huihui ranei ki inenga toutou o te taua take (i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite anō i te aromatawai whāinga o te raraunga hua i ētahi atu puna).

i whakaritea e o te akoranga: te wāhanga āhuatanga

faufaa O nui mo te angitu o te tikanga, ko te take mātau whakahaere:

• Planning Utu mo te kaupapa (utu ratonga o tohunga me ngā tohunga i runga i te tātaritanga o te raraunga, rīhi o whare, te hoko o kai tari).
• Te faaineineraa o rauemi e tika ana (tuhia me te tā o ngā puka, rārangi pūmanawa).
• Tīpako me te mutunga kaiwhakaōrite o te hui.

I roto i te tukanga, kia arahina nga tohunga i nga tikanga o te whiriwhiri, rite te wa anō ki te hanga i te whakatau e kore e pā tona tika.

A, no te ka kia whiwhi nga whakautu o nga tohunga katoa, ko te tata o te whakaaro mohio. e tenei ki pūkete te tohu o te harmonization o whakaaro katoa. Ki te kahore he whakaae mārama, te rōpū mahi kia tautuhi te rerekētanga take, kitea te hanganga o te maha ngā rōpū o te whakaaro me te kore o te arotau rite ki te hua o te arotake ā-hoa. Na ka ako hapa pea, me kei te hanga koe i te tauira e hāngai ana i runga i te raraunga e kua whiwhi. Ko te tika tenei ki muri i taea te kawe tohungatanga tātari.

Ko te tikanga e whakamahia ana ki te kawe i roto i te aromatawai takitahi o te tohunga: He aha te mea te uiui

I roto i te tikanga whai hua tino me nuitia whakamahia ko:

• tikanga tātari.
• tikanga hōtuhi.
• Interview.

I roto i runga ki te tikanga o te uiuiraa, he matapae e korero ana ki te tohunga, te ani ia pātai. Ko te kaupapa o te whakahaere e nga opuaraa mo te whanaketanga o te ahanoa tītohunga ranei i roto i te pātai. whakawhanakehia hōtaka uiui i roto i mua.

Te kaha me te kounga o te arotake hoa e tika ti'aturi i runga ranei i te tohunga e taea i roto i te iti te wa ki te whakarato i te mutunga.

Examination o tikanga tātari

A, no te kōwhiri i te tikanga tātari mō te aro mātai, Tohunga, kia rite mai hoki te whakatinanatanga pakari o te mahi motuhake. Ko ia ki te tātari i ngā, ki te aromatawai i te āhuatanga me te ara ka taea o te whanaketanga o te ahanoa, i roto i te pā ana ki e te matapae.

pūnaha aromatawai tohunga ngā te ako o te mōhiohio katoa e pā ana ki te ahanoa, i te mea e wātea ana ki te tohunga. rēhita i te hua kei te rite te manatu.

Ko te painga matua o te tikanga tātari riro aha e taea e te tohunga te whakaatu o ratou āheinga takitahi katoa. Heoi, e kore te mea e tika ana mo te tātari o ngā pūnaha nui, me te matatini tenei tikanga, kia rite ki te tohunga kia hapa mōhiotanga o ngā āpure e hāngai ana.

Whakatinanatanga o te tohungatanga i tuhituhi hōtuhi

Tino korero, e kore e te pēnei tenei tikanga ki te kāwai o nga tikanga takitahi o te aromātai anake, kia rite ki kua pai te whakamahia reira mo te mahi rōpū.

Hei whakamahi i tenei tikanga, kia whakatau te kaiaromatawai te arorau o te tukanga ako me ari i runga i te wa me te tikanga o ngā rerekē. Na ka taea ki te whakatū i te raupapa mahara o ngā (ratou whanaketanga, te whakawhitinga i te āhuatanga i te kau ki te āhua tohu) ia. whakaata Tupuraa nga wāhanga katoa o whakaoti te raruraru, a hoki whakarato mo te putanga o mau fifi taea.

Ko te tohungatanga ngā o: te tikanga o "te haaferuriraa"

Hoki te aro mātai o matatini, nui-tauine, e kore e taea te mahi i ngā pūnaha taumata-maha, kahore te whai wāhi o te maha tohunga.

Whakaritea ngā mahi ka taea e ratou te mahi i, mā te whakamahi i tetahi o nga tikanga:

• whakatupuranga Collective o whakaaro ( "Mokoia roro").
• "635" tikanga.
• tikanga Delphi.
• kōmihana aromatawai.

Ngā mihi ki te mau tautooraa ngā me te whakahaere motuhake, ka taea e tōtika te tohunga kawe i nga ngā tukanga tino matatini pērā i tohunga aromatawai mōrea mō te kaupapa haumi mahi matakite o te ngā pūnaha ranei.

"Wānanga" e āhei ki a koutou te iriti i te raraunga tohunga auaha tonu. I roto i mātātoa whakaputa i te tohunga atamira tuatahi whakaaro, ka whakamahi i destructuring (raro ratou ki te faaino, whakangaro), pana kontridei me te whakaputa i te tirohanga pipiri.

Ko te huru matua mō te whiwhi i te ngaro o te faaino i te timatanga, me te mea katoa whakaaro noa puta.

Ko te pū o te tikanga o "635"

Kua riro tenei tikanga te ingoa no te mea o te fariiraa, whakamahia nei te tohunga i roto i tona whakamahi: ia o te tohunga e ono tuhi i runga i te wahi o te pepa e toru whakaaro puta noa i runga i te wā o e rima meneti.

Na, ko te puta whārangi ki te rōpū i muri. Duration o te maimoatanga - te hawhe haora. Ko te kupu, ka te 108 kia tuhituhia tono.

He aha te mea motuhake e pā ana ki te tikanga Delphi

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakawhanake i tenei tikanga o te aro mātai tohunga ko te hiahia hoki tukanga pakari ake, me te whaitake, e pai hoatu te hua tino whāinga, me te whai hua.

Kei te whakamahia te reira i tohunga karangatia ki te pūtahi pūtaiao, me te hangarau, haumi me te inihua kamupene, me te i roto i te maha atu wā.

Ko te ngako o te tikanga, ko te e whakahaere mnogoturovye uiuiraa takitahi (maha ki te awhina o pätai). Na, ko te tātari rorohiko o whakaritenga tohunga mo te hanganga o te whakaaro ngātahi. I te wa ano tautuhi me te whakarāpopoto i te tautohetohe mō te tiaki o ia whakawa.

I roto i te wā i muri mai, kua tuku nga hua ki te tohunga mō te whakarerekētanga. Me tāia ratou tautohenga ki te whakawa ngātahi i roto i te tuhituhi. Ka rite ki te hua, te hoki o te aro mātai maha i runga i te whānuitanga whakatikatikanga tutuki ai te rōpū mahi i te hukihuki lelei mo me whakaritenga mo opuaraa mo te whanaketanga o te ahanoa whakamātautau.

He aha te tikanga pai:

1. Tohunga whai wāhi i roto i te aro mātai, e kore e mohio tetahi ki tetahi, me te kore e kōrero. Ko te kupu, he taea ratou taunekeneke.
2. E hoki nga hua o rauna o mua o te moni, me te uara ki te rōpū mahi.
3. Te āhua taea ki te whiwhi ngā āhuatanga tauanga o te whakaaro rōpū.

Ahakoa te utu ngā tiketike, me te roanga, kei te hoko i tenei tikanga te ara pai hono tomu◊a te whanaketanga o te āhua raruraru o te āhuatanga wā roa-.

E mea pinepine te rawa whakaritea te aromatawai (tikanga Komihana) e te "tepu a tawhio" whakaaro āhuatanga katoa o te raruraru, me te tango i te whakatau whakaae. riro te ngoikoretanga te mana o ngā kaiuru i runga i ia atu, me te āhua o te hua. He tauira ko te aro mātai tohunga o ngā kaiako me kaiwhakaako.

atu tikanga

Runga ake kua whakarārangitia matou nga tikanga tino noa o te raveraa i te whakamātautau, engari i roto i te mahi o ngā rōpū ahumahi, pūtaiao, me te rangahau, me ētahi atu e hāngai ana.

Tei runga i te āhuatanga motuhake e hiahia ana koe ki te matapae, me te i runga i nga rauemi me ngā āheinga o te hinonga kia whakamahia ai:

• kēmu Pakihi. āhei te reira ki a koe te whakatau i te maha e hiahiatia o ngā āhuatanga ki te tūhura i te āhuatanga o te pūnaha mana atu tukanga ranei.
• "Kooti" - he ha'uti o te whakamatautauranga, i roto i nei te tahi mau tohunga tiakina nga rerekē o ngā whakataunga, e tamata ētahi atu ki te turaki ia ratou.
• tikanga pūrongo - i muri tātaritanga, ua faaite te tohunga tona whakaaro i roto i te puka o te pūrongo tātari te pūrongo ranei. He nui tenei, no te te hiahia mo te mahi ngā ohie (hei tauira, te aromatawai tohunga o te motokā mo te inihua, takoha pakaru ranei).

Ka rite ki te mutunga e taea te kï reira e taea te oraraa o te maha nui o ngā tikanga me ngā tūāhua o te arotake ā-hoa te matenga o te hinonga me te rōpūmahi ki te whiriwhiri i te kōwhiringa whai hua tino ki te whakaoti i te raruraru motuhake.