Transnistria pa: Tiraspol, Bendery, Rybnitsa. Dnestr Mōtāwhiana Republic

I roto i te ao i teie mahana, e kore e pera i reira torutoru āhua mōhiotia wāhanga mohio ranei. I roto ia ratou he, a Transnistria. Tenei whenua iti ki te mana pahuhu, kei roto i te wahi tonga-rawhiti o Europe. E tauturu mai teie tumu mohio koutou e pa no ki Transnistria, me te korero e pā ana ki a ratou he rota o ngā mōhiohio.

Transnistria: he hītori poto o te kāwanatanga mōhiotia

Transnistria (mana Pridnestrovie, i roto i te puka haapotohia - TMR) - he Unuhia kuiti o whenua i waenganui i te Dniester me te Ukraine. De haamamae, no enei rohe ki te Republic o Moldova. De märena reira ko te whakahaere-whaiaro, engari e kore e mohio e te käwanatanga hapori ao, i whakaaturia tona motuhake i roto i te 1990. I teie mahana whakarōpūtia te āhuatanga ki te rohe Transnistrian te i roto i te hapori tōrangapū Pākehā rite te "pakanga tio".

Ko te rohe o nāianei Transnistria iti noa whakaritea ki te Moldova iti (tika i runga i 4000 sq. Km). I roto i te mea te kāinga te käwanatanga ki pā ana ki 500,000 te iwi (i roto o tenei tau, e pā ana ki 70% i roto i ngā wāhi tāone). te nuinga te hanganga iwi o te taupori e iwi e toru: nga Moldovans, Ukrainians ko Russian.

Ko te ai'a o te ōhanga Soviet, kua riro te TMR he maha o hinonga nui ahumahi. I roto ia ratou - te Mōtāwhiana GRES, metallurgical me te pueru wheketere, māturuturu wheketere. pa nui o Transnistria ki mātātoa hokohoko ki te Pākehā Union. Heoi, kua hangaia hua katoa i roto i te whenua, kua tohua hanga i roto i te tohu Moldova.

I te mutunga o to tatou kōrero poto e pā ana ki Pridnestrovie etahi meka ngā pā ana ki tenei hanganga rohe:

• PMR - anake te whenua i roto i te ao, te haki me te koti o ringa tohu ana i te huanga matua Soviet (hama, toronaihi me whetu rima-oka);
• He embassies o rua atu lepupilika mōhiotia Transnistria - Abkhazia me South Ossetia;
• pa Transdniestria rerekē e haavâhia, tidiness me te mâ, e maha nei whakaritea ki Peraruhia;
• i roto i te pa Transnistrian o Bender mate a Ivan Mazepa, konei i roto i 1710, i te tahi atu Ukrainian Hetman Filipp Orlik aroaro ki te iwi whānui te kaupapa ture Pākehā tuatahi;
• nga pa e rua nui rawa o te whenua (Bender me Tiraspol) hono tetahi o te torutoru i roto i Europe roa intercity trolleybus peka o 13 kiromita;
• He tari o te rōpū tōrangapū "United Russia" Transnistria;
• mohio RUPO Transnistrian i roto i 2012-2015 i rite te moni tino pakari o te mua Soviet Union.

Ko te kōrero o te kotahi whawhai

Ko te tiango o te Soviet Union ka marere ake nekehanga motuhake, me te ki te kaha whakahoutia pupū he maha o pakanga i roto i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te kingitanga nui. Ko tētahi o ēnei wahi wera ko te taha maui o te Dniester.

I roto i te tīmatanga o nga 1990 nui ake ngaa te pakanga i waenganui i te hou i hanga e te mana Moldovan me te nomenklatura Transnistrian. kihai Transnistrians i hiahia ki te waiho i te wahi o Moldova, wehi i te maungārongo ki a Romania.

tomo pakanga ki te wā o te aroraa hōia tuwhera i roto i te puna o 1992. I roto i te Maehe, faaoti Moldova ki whakahoki te mana o tona mana ki runga ki te pareparenga maui tutu o te Dniester. Heoi, i te taha o Pridnestrovians ko ratou wahi o te 14 Russian Army, me te te kaitiaki o te Armed Forces o Ukraine. Na reira, ki te whakatū i te mana i runga i Transdnestr Moldavians rahua reira, me te awa Dniester rawa hohoro ka te raina mua.

Ko te tumutumu o tenei whawhai i te whawhai mo te pa o Bendery. I roto i te Hōngongoi 1992, ngā rōpū patu Pridnestrovians tautokona e waka tauā Russian whiti te Dniester me pūmau i roto i Bender. I runga i nga huarahi o te pa timata te parekura tūturu, i patua 600 iwi ora. I muri i tenei whawhai, ka anga nga rōpū ki te titiro mō ngā huarahi o whakataunga rangimarie o te pakanga, a te mutunga hainatia he kawenata te rongo i roto i Moscow.

I roto i te whānui, i roto i te pakanga Transnistrian patua tata 1,200 iwi.

Transnistria pa

Kei te wehea PMR rohe whakahaere ki 5 takiwa. I roto i te āhua mōhiotia, i reira e 8 pa (whakarārangitia i te raki ki te tonga):

• Kamenka;
• Rybnitsa;
• Dubossary;
• Grigoriopol;
• whakapaipai Tiraspol;
• Bender;
• Slobozia;
• Dnestrovsk rohe pa.

Ko hoki Transnistria i te maha o whenua totohe me te mana rua. Ki te hunga ngā etahi kainga (Cosnita, Parata, Dorotcaia et al.), Takiwa Varnitsa Bender me whakataunga Korzhevo i Dubossary.

Fatata te whakapaipai - te pa o Tiraspol

Transnistria, me te tetahi atu whenua, he ona ake whakapaipai. Ko te pa o Tiraspol tenei. Ahakoa ko te tino uaua te tangata ki te wāhi pou-Soviet ki te whakaaro i te pa whakapaipai ki te taupori o 130 mano iwi. Otiia, "Capital" ongo'i te. Ata ara porowini o Tiraspol rerekē etahi solidity, a ite i te "wairua o te mana" i roto i te whare tūmatanui nui, ahakoa mōhiotia.

I roto i Tiraspol Ko te kāwanatanga me te Pāremata o PMR. I tua atu, ko te pa he pokapū nui hītori, me te ahurea Transnistria me puta noa i Moldova kore anake.

Mai i te ingoa Kariki whakawhiti Ko te tino māmā, me te mārama Tiraspol - "te pa i runga i te Dniester." Ia tino takoto ana i runga i te taha maui o te awa Pākehā Eastern nui rawa, tika ono kiromita i te rohe ki a Ukraine. whakaturia te pa i roto i 1792. Ko reira i tenei wa i roto i te tikanga i konei ka timata Suvorov hanga o te pa. I te tau 1806 ka Tiraspol he pokapū rohe i roto i te wahi o te kawanatanga Kherson, a i waenganui o nga pakanga e rua ao, a ka i wa ki te haere ki te pokapū o te Mōtāwhiana ASSR.

Modern Tiraspol rawa ahuareka. pai ona pokapū mâ, e haavâhia, poke whanui, tau moenga puawai me te tokomaha nui o onge (Soviet) tao'ao.

wae tāpoi i roto i te pane o te bit TMR. Ki te hunga ngā te pa tawhito (mutunga rau tau XVIII), te Cathedral o te'Alo'í o te Karaiti (2000), huatau, me te nunui Whare Kaunihera, hanga i roto i te 50s. I tua atu, rite tūruhi ki te haere ki roto i te Tiraspol, he matatini hou hākinakina "Heriwhi", e noho he wāhi nui o 65 heketea.

Bender - te pa tāpoi i Transnistria

Tino torutoru nga pa e taea whakamanamana o Transnistria haerenga tamau o tūruhi i tata, a tawhiti noa atu. Bender - tetahi o te hunga. Ki te whakatau haere, me ki te haere ki te PMR, i roto i tenei pa karanga ratou i roto i tika.

City Bender - tuarua i roto i te rahi me te taupori o te Republic. Na te tuatahi i roto i te maha o urupa hītori, me te hoahoanga. I roto i te pokapū o te tāone e taea kite i tetahi maha whare ataahua tenetere XIX-XX. Ko te tūruhi matua i roto i Bender ko te pa Turkish tawhito, me te pai-ka ora taua. E te ara, mau tonu wahi o te whare rangatira te kōwae hōia whaimana.

Āpiti atu ki te urupa hoahoanga tuku iho i roto i te Bendery te rota o "urupa" te whawhai 1992. Hei tauira, akina ra e taiepa ha kongokonga o City Hall faaoti kore ki te whakahoki. Ka taea te kite i ngā tohu o te pakanga i tenei ra i runga i ona facades.

Ribnita - pokapū ahumahi o Transnistria

I roto i te raki, te whenua mōhiotia, e karapotia ana e nga pukepuke picturesque Podolsk Upland pa horahia Ribnita. Transnistria Ko te nuinga e tika tona matatini ahumahi kaha ïa ki tenei pa. whakarato Ribnita e pā ana ki te hawhe o te moni i roto i te pūtea o te TMR, me te pā ana ki 60% o te kaweake Peraruhia '. E runga 400 kamupene rerekē.

I roto i ngā o te tāpoi kore he kite rawa te pa. O te wae rohe - he-tauine nui Victory Memorial Cathedral Arhangela Mihaila (te nui rawa i roto i TMR), me te pai (i uara hītori) urupā. Ko tētahi atu miramira kia whakahuatia ai Ribnita whakarerea cableway (ahumahi), tōtika te kare o te Dniester.

Kamenka - huihui peara o Transnistria

Ki te tika no te taitara o te tūruhi tāpoi o te Republic ki Bender, te "whakapaipai whakangahau" o te kāwanatanga mōhiotia e taea humarie te huaina te pa o Kamenka. tino taea Transnistria whakamanamana i te huihui tino pai, kua oti nei te mohiotia mai te 1870. Kei City Kamenka te i roto i te raki tino o te PMR, i te kongutu o te awa Dniester o te taua ingoa. Here i hanga nga tikanga huarere ahurei: kamaka, tata hiwi haumaru whanga pa i te hau makariri, te whakarato huihui Transnistrian raumati roa me te toetoe tika ngawari.

I roto i te Kamenka kāinga ki 9,000 anake iwi. Ko te turanga o te ōhanga o te rohe - ko reira tuawhenua, me te huihui whakaurunga. Ko te pa e te rongonui tino i roto i te hōhipera whenua "Dniester", hangaia hoki te ora tukutahi o 450 iwi. Na Kamenka rongonui mo ona karepe reka, me te monamona, me, reira, he waina pai.

Dnestrovsk - ngakau pūngao o te käwanatanga

pa Dnestrovsk kei roto i te tonga pito o te PMR, i roto i te tata ki te rohe Ukrainian. Ko reira konei e te tipu te mana nui rawa i roto i te whenua. Te hiko i hanga konei, ara kaweake te (ki Moldova me Ukraine).

Na roto i te aituā, Mōtāwhiana GRES i 1964 i hanga ai ki runga ki te taha maui o te awa. Ki te kore tenei i tupu, te rangatiratanga ōhanga o te käwanatanga poutaha e waiho inaianei he pātai nui. I teie mahana, Ko te pa kāinga ki e pā ana ki 10 mano iwi. He wāhanga nui o te taupori Dniester mahi i te tipu te mana rohe.