"Tuhi hiri" - he aha te tenei me te aha na ka karanga?

e waiho tetahi māmā ki te titiro i roto i te papakupu o ngā kupu Latin, me te whiwhi i te hua: lapido i roto i Russian iritihia rite "kohatu". Na, i te kupu ingoa mahi epithet. Nō reira, ko te "tuhi hiri" tikanga noa "kohatu"? I roto i ētahi wā, Heoi, whakamahia tenei mot mātauranga? Ka taea e koe e mea, "I noho ia ki te mata tuhi hiri"? e kore e pea. hoki e taea e koe kahore parau "whare tuhi hiri." Nuinga o ngā wā, te whakamahi i tenei epithet i te taha ki te kupu "kāhua" ranei "kāhua". A ki te karanga a te tangata te ara o te faaite whakamoemiti tikanga tuhi hiri ia ona pūkenga whaikōrero ranei. Ka rite ki, "kohatu" kāhua kāhua ranei o te tuhi whakaaro iho i runga i te pepa te mea rawa te takatakahi. Ko ki matau tino aha te tikanga o te reira ki "tuhi hiri", e hiahia ana koe ki te hanga i te hītori iti.

He aha te moka i tuhituhia ...

I roto i nga wa onamata, e kore te pepa i mohio i roto i Europe. kuputuhi mania i tuhituhia i runga i nga papa ware pi. A, no te riro te reira reta faufaa murua. Paku mara te ware pi matū wera mata - me ano i te pepa pātea mō te tuhituhi. Ko te aha ki te mahi ki te faufaa o te tuhinga kāwanatanga, ture, tikanga, tiriti ao? o te akoranga taea e koe te whakamahi i te kakaho. Otiia ka kore te kuputuhi e maka atu i runga i te tapawha matua o te pa ki te waia tangata ki a ratou. Ko Ko te aha te tikanga, ture, me te tahi atu tuhinga o faufaa motu whakairo i roto i te kohatu. Ko, no te mea tenei rauemi - te uaua hoki tuhituhi, kei te kore tino horapa whakaaro o te rakau. ko pepa Antique poto, poto, engari i te wa taua sino, me te mārama. Tenei kāhua i muri i huaina "tuhi hiri". Te tikanga, na te tahi mau huringa. e kore ko te huarahi ki te whakapuaki i hohonu me te kāhua tika o te whakairo i roto i te kohatu tenei.

Poto me te tuhi hiri

mahue Ancient Roma kua tatou tokomaha stelae me urupa, kei hea kua te whakaaro kua whakahuatia mārama me torutoru, engari i te wa taua ataahua, me te huatau. Aru e te kaitōrangapū e hiahia ki te kawe i to ratou i pai ai ki te iwi, kia rite ki whakahuatia ka kaikōrero e mōhiotia. Kōrero, tetahi o nga tikanga pokapū i roto i Roma i tahito, ako te toi o korero. Me fanongó ki hopu me te kore toaruaru. Na, ia tuhi hiri - he rangatira pono o te kāhua. I muri i te katoa, he mea nui e kore e ki te overdo te reira. nounou nui taea arahi ki te pato'iraa o te nuinga o te whakarongo. Ka rite ki whakahuatia papa kōrero ia, Horace, te atu tamata koe ki te kia poto, ko te faito atu ki te mahi i. I nui ki te kitea he whenua waenganui te whaikōrero: expressive, mārama, mahino mo pau faaite ratou whakaaro, i te e tapapa ratou i roto i te puka e pai kia tomo ki roto ki te ngakau o te faaroo kaipānui ranei.

kāhuarau atu o te kupu "tuhi hiri"

Tenei kaha ki te korero nehenehe a ka poto tata te viivii ore i roto i Roma i tahito. Otiia ki te hinga o te kingitanga nui o whaikōrero kihai i ngaro. O te akoranga, i reira kua wā i roto i te aamu, no te haere mai ia ki te ahua bombastic, karakara, verbose me flowery kīanga. Ko tenei kāhua o kaituhi nui kataina. Hei tauira, Shakespeare, e noho tika i roto i te wā taua, i tuhituhi: "Ko te ake kupu - iti iho te taimaha i ratou." Na ka mea te aronui nui Russian Leo Tolstoy e whakaaro poto he pai no te mea hanga e ratou i te kaipānui tino mahara ki te whakaaro. He kāhua tuhi hiri tauira a Tūrongo he kupu. Tenei rerenga kōrero poto i roto i i faaite i te whakaaro hohonu te mārama. E mea rerekē, engari i reira he kōrero e pā ana ki nounou. No miharo Anton Pavlovich Chehov mea e pā ana ki reira. nona e ia te parau e ngingila katoa - nounou ngāwari me te - te tuahine o taranata.

"Tuhi hiri": te wā i roto i te toi o ēnei rā

Haapoto noa, te mārama, te papû - ko nga 'ulungaanga e e tango Modernism toi enei. I roto i tona tutu ki te kāhua mātauranga, kua haere i te reira ki te whiu ohie kaha engari, reka, tae kanapa kahore halftones. E whai ana ki te whakaatu i te ora rite ko reira, kahore embellishment o te pono. Here te pehea, ki te whakamārama Cubism i 1921, tetahi o ona tatou tatarahapa, SK Makovsky: "Ko te kāhua orurehau o peita tuhi hiri. Tenei toi hou e kore e aro ki parakore, kua makona reira tenei corny. " pāngia aua whanaketanga kore anake te toi pai o te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau, engari ano hoki tuhinga. A i roto i to tatou wa kua kitea reira he whakamahi i te wā "itinga" - he ahua o te kāhua tuhi hiri i roto i te hoahoa roto.

Empire

Tangata kua kite nei i te whare, hanga i roto i te kāhua Empire, ruarua. Aha e taea e whai i roto i te noa, tenei taonga, nihowera whakapaipai ki te whakapaipai kohatu, me te whakarewa hoahoanga ōrea ngohengohe ki tuhi hiri? Empire - Ko te kupu whakarerekētia "kingitanga". ka huatau te kāhua i roto i nga wa o Napoleon Bonaparte. I muri mai, ka tangohia e ia ake i roto i te faaho'iraa mai. I roto i te nui o te Soviet Union te mohiotia hoki tona peka ngā - kingitanga o Stalin. Na, he aha hopoi mai whakapaipai ki te aporo, te terise, okeoke i roto i i te cornucopia, moldings taimaha ki tana, hama, a aroha, ki te kore - rawa ngoto whakapaipai ki te kāhua, i huaina nei ko "tuhi hiri"? Tenei hononga wairua ki Ancient Roma. Ka rite ki mahara koe, i runga i te tuhi hiri tatou e matau i te stele whakamaharatanga ki inscriptions. Hoki whare i roto i te kāhua Empire āhuatanga e tīwae tawhito, pou, me tumu o te friezes ngā kōrero Olympic, me te inscriptions tuhi hiri poto i roto i te whakamoemiti o te viivii ore ā, me te tūmatanui.