Vladimir Andreevich Favorsky: haurongo, auahatanga. tuhi Taporo

Ko te hōtaka tuatahi o te kura Moscow - Favorskiy Vladimir Andreevich. Haurongo o te kaitoi ngā kore auaha anake, engari ano ki te whai wāhi i roto i te Pakanga o te Ao e ahau, me te mahi i runga i maha tohi ariā, me ngā mahi whakaako. Ko te tuatahi o nga mea katoa e mohiotia e ia kia rite ki te pikitia pukapuka. Tokomaha ngarea mōhio ana ana drawings ki nga mahi o William Shakespeare ko S. Ya. Marshaka.

tamarikitanga

Ka taea e tatou te mea e ko Taporo ki hono to ratou oraraa ki toi rite te mono o te iho utuafare. Artists ko tona koroua, whaea me-tupuna nui. Ko te pikitia nui Russian whanau i roto i te 1886 i roto i Moscow. matakitaki ana tonu rite te whaea kumea, ka mau ake ia ia te paraihe, me pene rākau. I te tīmatanga te peita i kitea e ia kia rite ki te wa pai - kahore ake. Ko tomo ana ki te ao o te toi, noho Taporo konei ake, a ka whakatakotoria atu ki te tāpiri ki reira rite maha iwi rite taea. ka anga ia tona mahi rite he kaipeita, te whakatakoto teitei tūmanako. Otiia i muri mai i whiriwhiria e ahau nga whakairoiro rite te iwi tata ki te puka toi.

Childhood kaitoi, tū i roto i te porohita o te utuafare here, kua tangohia o te ati. Tonu whānau - toi, kaihoahoa, kaiwhakairo, - whai wāhi ki te meka i tupu moni i roto i te toi kaha. A, i te taenga o te reira te wa ki te haere ki te kura, i roto i te tua ki te mātauranga taketake, i whakaritea e te reira ki te unga i te tamaiti ki te kura toi tūmataiti K. F. Yuona.

ako

I te wa ano ki te haerenga ki te kura tae mai Juon tamaiti akomanga ahiahi i te kura Stroganov. I puta ia i te kura nui, ka haere ia ki Munich, a ka uru ki te Faculty o Economics, engari hohoro mohio e ko te reira tino kore tona mahi. I roto i te 1906, haere te tangata taitamariki ki te kura tūmataiti, i arahina e te kaitoi Hungarian o uri Armenian Haimona Hollósy. Tenei kaiako ka mahara tonu Vladimir Andreevich Favorsky ki mauruuru rite tetahi o nga kaiako tino. Aita e feaaraa i ia he mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga taranata taitama o me te hanganga o tona parau tumu toi.

kihai i University o Munich, i waenganui Taporo hoatu ki runga, ka whakarongo ki reira he akoranga i runga i te hītori o te toi. I te 1907 ka hoki ia ki a Russia, a haere tonu te mātauranga Art me te Whare Wānanga o Moscow.

domesticity

I roto i te tau whakamutunga i te whare wānanga, i roto i 1812, ka moea e Vladimir Andreevich Favorsky Meri Derviz, kotiro ahakoa ki te pūāhua ora, ki te tahi atu maitai katoa ano he toi whaihua. I roto i ona whanaunga ko Valentin Serov, whakatenatena nei kaha Meri hiahia mō te toi. ako ia peita i St Petersburg me i France. I roto i Moscow, me te tane i mua nei, ko Juon he ākonga, a ka te kura o Painting, Sculpture me Architecture. kihai i Meri meake nei waiho hei he artist nui, engari ko te mea ko e te mau huru o te ora, e kore te kore o te taranata. Ahakoa o tenei tae noa te mutunga o nga ra, ko ia he hoa me te kaiawhina ki tana tane. Ko te tekau tau whakamutunga o tona ora mahi ia i runga i nga haamana'oraa, ki nei i taea ki te whakahoki i etahi o nga whārangi o tona koioranga whakawhetai nga kairangahau Taporo.

e rua tama, Nikita ko Ivan, me te tamahine Maria: e toru tamariki i te toi. haere tuakana rua ki tūao mo te mua, ka te nui Patriotic War. mate Senior i te tuatahi o nga tau o te whawhai, kihai i Jr. ora i te marama torutoru i mua i te mutunga. Na ko Maria Vladimirovna te toi uku me te kaitiaki o nga pūranga utuafare.

paari o te toi

I muri i tu'ite whai wāhi Vladimir Andreevich Favorsky i whakaako, me te mahi i runga i te ariā o te toi. Mai te timatanga o te Ao Tuatahi, haere ia ki te mua, me te roto i te whawhai katoa. I roto i Moscow, ka hoki ia i roto i 1918 ki te paetukutuku o te kara. I muri i te ope, ia hohoro whai wāhi i roto i te ora toi o te whakapaipai.

anō te artist whakaako. I te tau 1920 ko ia i roto i te tiaki o tetahi o nga tari o te Teitei Art me Technical Studios (VHUTEMAS), haapii ākonga tuhi me woodcuts. I te tau 1923 ka e ia Rector o nga Workshops Art. timata Taporo mahi i runga i te hoahoa o ngā pukapuka o Pushkin ko Tolstoy, me i nei i runga i whakairoiro pukapuka e hoko tetahi o nga take tino nui o tona ora.

I te wa ano, tata i uru ia ki te tangata tohe P. A. Florenskim. Mahi tahi i, e tautokona ana e te auhoaraa me whanaungatanga pūāhua, taonga ratou e rua. I roto i te maha ngā tūranga ariā o te kaitoi e taea te kite i te mana o Florensky. Fakataha e piri ratou ki te toi Mauī Front (LEF). No te mea o te predominance o nga whakapono wairua o te tīmatanga o ratou rōpū hinengaro Nō "te hanga o nga mystics."

Na roto i te mutunga o 1930 te kaitoi te ara ake ki roto ki te ariā o te toi. Kei te tuhituhi e ia tuhinga, me ngā pūrongo, me haapii i te Russian National Academy o Toi. tonu ia ki te mahi i te whakairo, opua pukapuka, cooperates ki te Moscow Art Theatre. Whai wāhi i roto i ngā whakaaturanga i roto i te Venice ko Paris.

tomo ariki pakeke nga 40s Taporo. Kua riro te kaitoi āhukahuka me te whai wāhi ki te mahi i runga i te whakahau tino ngā. Pūkenga tonu reira ki te tupu, ake hangarau. hohonu Nēpia o pohewa, me te patunga ngangahau.

tau tata nei

I roto i ana tau heke kua kokoti te kaitoi nga hua tika ana o ana mahi. I roto i te 1956, ka e ia te Artist Honoured o te RSFSR, i roto i te 1959 - Artist o te RSFSR o tangata, me i roto i te 1963 - Artist o te USSR o People. Whiwhi mētara koura i ngā whakaaturanga ao i roto i Brussels, Leipzig ko Sao Paulo. I roto i te puna o 1962 whakawhiwhia Taporo te Lenin paraihe mo ana whakatutukitanga i roto i te faahoho'araa. E kore tenei tikanga i okioki te artist i runga i tona tatü - tonu ia ki te mahi i runga i te raupapa o tuhi, tānga, mahi i roto i te peita. mate artist ariki kaumatua i te mutunga o 1963. Ko tona urupa i Moscow i te Novodevichy urupā.

whakaaro ariā

āta whakawhanakehia Taporo, ka hangaia he hōtaka ariā. i hanga te ariā te kauwhau e Ahorangi pānui ki ana ākonga. Ki te a ratou, ka anga ia ki te hoahoa me te systematization o tona kite o toi. Ka rite ki te hua whanau o te pukapuka "I te Art o te pukapuka, e pā ana ki te whakairo," "Ko nga momo momotuhi, me ona hononga ki te faahoho'araa momotuhi", "Lectures i runga i te ariā o te hanganga." Ratou korero Taporo e pā ana ki te tukanga o te pāhekoheko ki te puka me tona ahua i roto i te manureva. Whakaaro nga rārangi kaupapa o tikanga, te tūranga o te rererangi i roto i te peita me te tuhi. Ia momo o mata huanga te toi ki tona ake hanganga, me "pai".

Mō mea katoa āhuatanga o te auahatanga ranei korerorero Taporo, whakatangi he whäkinga te whakaaro e te tikanga kia wehewehe, me te whārite i te hanga me te Māoritanga o ona wāhanga. Hurihia i roto i tetahi aronga ai deformation me arata'i ki te tupu o toi. kia tamahanahana auaha, mai he rāua i te ariā o te ataahua te ariā o te pono. Aesthetization kino mō te toi ki te kia Kāore.

whakairoiro pukapuka

kua maha Taporo mea e kore e whakaatu i te hua me te hanga i te pukapuka. whakatata ia tonu te raruraru i roto i te matatini, te hanga whakaahua kore anake, engari kato ano hoki ake te momotuhi, te rahi, tauira, rahi. Me kia ngohengohe ki te kōtuitanga stylistic noa tenei katoa. Me kia Rhythm purpuru, tawhē me te paratarafa i roto i te rangi ki te manawataki o te whakairo. I roto i te Taporo i arahina ia e kore anake to ratou pūmanawa auaha, engari okioki ano ki runga ki te wheako o tawhito me te Renaissance. tapa e ia he ariā pērā i "hoahoanga o te pukapuka" - te pūtaiao o te proportionality me au maite o ona wāhanga katoa.

kitea ia hua o Taporo ratou huarahi. Making "Kia pa" i faauruhia e te pukapuka Russian tawhito. Whakapaipai me pukapuka kōrero te kaipānui ki te ringaringa tawhito. Whakaahua mō "ri'ari'ae Little" Pushkin te tino ngā, whakarongo ki te taipitopito. Heroes whakatotoka ana i roto i te tū tapere, me te riro i te tohu ki te whakapuaki i kare: apo, te pouri, te riri, te wehi. I roto i te faahoho'araa ki a Gogol "Shponka" puta mea grotesque fantastic: pepeke nui, iwi manu-upoko. whānui Visual kīnaki kore anake te kuputuhi, engari te kaimahi ano hoki i rite te mahi motuhake o te toi e taea whakarato kai mō te whakaaro. Ko tētahi o nga mahi o te kaituhi pakeke - whakaahua ki S. Kaiwhakaora "Eva New Year o." fakahā ratou kāhua e te aamu whakaari o te mahi. Tatauranga koi, maia, hihiri. nui te artist ki te māia ki te hanganga, i te rapu tonu te hua tino. whiwhi whakairo Taporo maha pā me te whakaritea moku tonu e kohikohi.

fakatātaa'i te artist te Pushkin, Shakespeare, Tolstoy, Dante, Gogol, Merimee, Burns, a kahore he he rārangi tino o ana mahi i tenei. Kihai hangaia anake te tuhinga pakeke Taporo, ano mahi ia tata ki te Detgiz whakaputa. Whakaahua ki te rotarota "Ki te nga tama a te whenua katoa ..." He tokomaha tuhinga pukapuka maheni. māhorahora tamariki hu kata, me te rere huri noa i te wiwi, pārekareka i te ora rangimarie. pea lau katoa tamaiti Soviet te kohinga o Marshak, te wahi i reira ko te faahoho'araa o te pehepehe "te karawarawa o mustachioed me" ki punua kino.

Ētahi momo o toi

Tāpare o tetahi ahua o toi i tata hoki Vladimir Andreyevich. He rongonui kore anake hoki whakaahua pukapuka ia. I roto i te hawhe tuarua o te 40s Taporo koropiko "tianara Russian nui," te wahi sinó whakaahua o iwi rongonui te hanahana te mana, me te o Russia. Ko tētahi o ana mahi pai - he whakaahua o F. M. Dostoevskogo. puta kaituhi Serious me arotahi i mua i te minenga. E kore e te artist patipati ia, e kore e whakapaipai i te mooni, whakatikaia kore te Caricature anaanatae. Ko te ahua tano o Dostoevsky kaituku manukanuka mo te iwi Russian, te aroha o te whenua, me te mana tino o te whakaaro.

He tikanga tino o te kaitoi ko he tuhi woodcut me te rakau, engari ngā ia me linocut. Ofeina "huringa Samarkand" kua hanga i roto i tenei tikanga. Tīmata tana mahi i rite te kaipeita, wā ka mau ake oraraa taatoa Taporo te paraihe. no tona Kaituhitanga ki te mosaic "1905". haapii e ia whakairo, me te peita lahi. I tua atu, tahi te artist ki te whare - i huahua mō mahi me kākahu, me te te tangata taitama, ara tare rakau mō mahi o ngā tamariki. Hoki nga mea katoa i tangohia Vladimir Andreevich Favorsky, mahi katoa ki te aroha me te mohio nui. Otiia i roto i te mahara o whakatupuranga heke mai, i tuatahi, me te tuatahi te toi whakairoiro tino, me te pikitia ia.