Whakaaetanga Munich

āta, Whakaaetanga Munich Ka taea te huaina reira tetahi o nga hape kaupapa here ke tino nui o nga 1930. Ko te kawenata takawaenga, i whakatika rite te ngātahitia, whakaarohia e te whenua Pākehā o Nasí Germany, ki te ngana ki te pupuri i tona militancy, engari arahina ki te pakarutanga o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao.

I muri i te tiango me wehewehe o te Austro-Hungarian Empire, i 1918 ki te 1938 i neke atu i te toru miriona Tiamana iwi i runga i te rohe o te āhua hou o Czechoslovakia, te taha i te rohe o te rohe hītori o Bohemia Basileia. E hāngai ana ratou i roto i te Sudetenland. E ai ki a Natalia Lebedeva, he kōrero o te Russian Academy o Sciences, a e rua tekau ōrau o Czechoslovakia he Tiamana.

whakaturia Sudeten rangatira German Konrad Henlein te rōpū Tiamana Sudeten, i mahi rite te peka o te Pāti Nasí me ke ngāue anake i roto i te ngākau nuitanga o Germany. Na roto i te 1935, ko reira te rōpū tōrangapū tuarua nui i roto i Czechoslovakia. I muri noa iho i te Anschluss (whakakotahitanga ki Germany) o, Maehe 28, 1938 Austria tutaki Henlein ki Hitilā i Berlin, te wahi i whakaakona ai ia ki te whakaara i te whakaritenga ki te Kawanatanga Czechoslovak, e mohiotia ana ko te hōtaka Carlsbad. I roto i te whakaritenga - tika rite ki nga Czechs me motuhake hoki Tiamana e noho i roto i Czechoslovakia. Ki te he rite ki te hanga ātetenga nui i roto i te faatura o te tokoiti Tiamana te Kawanatanga Czechoslovak, ko Kāore te pātai o te mana motuhake.

Ko te mahere o Hitler i muri i te mharahara o Austria ko te taahiraa i muri i te raupatu o Czechoslovakia me te whakatū o te Germany Greater. I roto i te Mei 1938 ka mohiotia ai e te mahi o Czechoslovakia i te meka ko te take mō te Germany. Kia i te aroaro 20 Hitler ana tianara kaupapa rangitahi ki te whakaeke i runga i Czechoslovakia, Operation "Grün". I roto i te arata'iraa ngaro hainatia e Hitler, he torutoru nga ra i muri mai, i mea ai e, ki te tīmata i te whawhai ki a Czechoslovakia kore i muri i te 1 o Oketopa.

i tumanako te kāwanatanga Czechoslovak e France, ki nei i tomo ia ki te haumi, e haere mai ki te whakaora i roto i te hui o te whakaekenga a te Tiamana. Ko te Soviet Union hoki i te kawenata ki a Czechoslovakia, e tohu ana i te hinaaro ki te mahi ki a France me Great Britain. Heoi, kua oti waiho nga ratonga pea o te Soviet Union puta noa te raruraru. matau Adolf Hitler e kore Britain ko France i hiahia whawhai, engari e pea ki te rapu ki te whakakotahi ki te Soviet Union, he pūnaha totalitarian o nei enei whenua i kino atu noa atu i te tonotono Fascist o Hitler ratou.

Mahalo i taua wā iho, Czechoslovakia, i i e taea ki te pupuri hoki i te whakaekenga o te ope a Hitler te ope kaha. Te Soviet Union, i runga i te kawenata o 1935, hainatia i waenganui o nga whenua e rua, i taea e te āwhina ki Czechoslovakia anake i roto i te hui i whakaae te taahiraa taua ki France.

hoatu Mahuru 18 Italian Duce Penito Mussolini he kupu i roto i Trieste, te wahi i mea ia e tautoko Italy te raruraru o nāianei i roto i Germany.

Ingarangi Pirimia Neville Chamberlain, nei ko te tautoko o te kaupapa here o fakafiemālie'i ai te wahine taikaha, i takoto rite ki ranei, i roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i te whawhai. I hanga e ia e rua ngā haerenga ki Germany, i waho kōrero ki te kau taki Czechoslovak, whakaekea Hitler tikanga pai, engari i puritia e te Fuehrer tāpiri whakaritenga, tohe e ano ka waiho te kerēme o Tiamana mātāwaka i roto i Poland me Hungary makona.

Mahuru 24, korero i nga Sports Palace i Berlin, Hitler i tona kupu i hoatu e Czechoslovakia te aroaro o Mahuru 28 ki te tuku i te Sudetenland, te kore haere Germany ki te whawhai.

timata Czechoslovakia ki te whakaoreore ona ope. whakapuakina te Soviet Union tona hihiko ki te haere mai ki te āwhina o Czechoslovakia. Heoi, kihai te peresideni Benes o Czechoslovakia Edvar ki te haere ki te whawhai i waho i te tautoko o mana Western.

haere Neville Chamberlain me Wīwī Pirimia Eduard Delade ki Munich ki te whakautu ki titauraa a Hitler.

Penito Mussolini patua ana Hitler te ara ki te whakaoti i te raruraru: ki te pupuri i te amuiraa ki nga kau taki o nga whenua e wha (UK, France, Italy, Germany), hāunga Czechoslovakia me te Soviet Union, ki te whakapiki ake i te taea ki te tae te whakaaetanga me te ki holoki te mana e ai kua kore i roto i te manakohia o Germany.

Te hui whakatakotoria, e mohiotia ana ko te Conference Munich, ka mau wahi i runga i Mahuru 29-30 i roto i te whare "Führerbau" (Whare o te Führer). Tono i ōkawa whakaurua e Mussolini, ahakoa, rite i kitea ai i te tau torutoru i muri, rite te mahere Itari i te taha o te Manatū o Aorere o Germany. Ko te ope German ki noho te Sudetenland e October 10, me te Komihana International - ki te whakatau i te heke mai o te tahi atu wāhi i tautohetia. I roto i te hepohepo ki te ārai i te pakarutanga o te whawhai, me te rapu ki te karo i te haumi ki te Soviet Union, whakaae Neville Chamberlain me Edouard Daladier kia haere te Sudetenland i Germany. I roto i te hokinga mai, i korero Hitler e kore e rapua e ia tetahi wāhi i roto i Europe.

I te pae hopea, whakaōkawatia te whakatau i roto i Germany, Britain, France, a hainatia Italia te Whakaaetanga Munich, i raro i nei i haukotia ai e te pakarutanga o te whawhai, engari haere ki runga ki te Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia Germany. takoha te kāwanatanga Czechoslovak i ki farii i te reira. ka mea a Nevill Chemberlen Eduardu Beneshu e kore Ingarangi e tomo te whawhai i runga i te raruraru o te Sudetenland.

hoki home Daladier ko Chamberlain, te wahi i tutaki ratou e te mano o oaoa iwi, manaaki i e haere te riri o te whawhai i. tahuri Chamberlain ki nga kupu o te iwi whānui o Ingarangi, "Kua kawea mai te rongo i roto i to tatou wa." e ia Otiia i ana kupu werohia tonu i te kaitōrangapū rongonui Winston Churchill, e mea e hanga Neville he whiriwhiri i waenganui i te whawhai, ki te whakama, "whiriwhiria koe te whakama, a ka haere mai te pakanga." ngaro te kāwanatanga o Ingarangi i te tautoko o te kāwanatanga Czech me te Ope Czech, tetahi o te pai i roto i Europe, tohu atu e Winston Churchill me ētahi atu kaitōrangapū nui, Entoni Iden. whakaae maha hītori e te kawenata Munich, ka mohio rite te tautohe matua ko ki te karo i pakanga hōia, tata mate Europe ki te whawhai kino.

Daladier whakaaetanga whakamā tinihanga, engari Chamberlain i oaoa. I mua i mahue Munich, hainatia ara ia ki te tuhinga Hitler fakapapau'i mai e ka rapu i te UK, a Germany ki te whakatau i ngā rerekētanga ki te whakarite te rangimarie i roto i te heke mai.

Ko te ra i muri i te hainatanga o te kawenata reka Germany te mapi te Sudetenland. Kaupapa rite Chamberlain i whakahengia kua i roto i te tau e haere ake.

I muri mai i roto i te wawahanga o Czechoslovakia i tae ano hoki e Poland me Hungary i to ratou ake kerēme rohe. noho wahi o Czechoslovakia Terminating te Whakaaetanga Munich, i Maehe 1939, noho Germany. mutu te whenua ki te tīariari. Mahuru 1, 1939 whakaekea Germany Poland. timata te Tama'i Rahi II o te Ao. Na anake mohio Neville Chamberlain e kore i taea te whakawhirinaki Hitler.

riro Munich Whakaaetanga kua faaauhia te te horihori o te whakamarie o kaupapa expansionist o āhua fakatikitato, ahakoa te mea i roto i te tahi mau ara i āwhina ki te hoko wa mo ki hoa ake i to ratou hihiko whawhai.