Whakamātautau toto Hematology

Hematology - te ako, e te tino maha whakaritea e te tākuta i tuatahi

whakamātautau o te manawanui. Ko te ara tino ohie, me te ngāwari whaihua ki te ako e pā ana ki te raruraru i roto i te tinana, me te ki te matau i roto i nei te aronga ki te neke i runga i - ki te koha toto mo hematology. Ka taea e te mahi koe i tenei i roto i nga haumanu katoa terenga, hōhipera, me ngā pokapū hauora utua.

He aha ngā mōhiohio ka taea e koe te tiki?

Hematology - he whakaahuatanga o ona wāhanga tino nui, e homai he whakaaro o te aroaro o ngā tukanga inflammatory me oncological.

Ko te tātaritanga tirohia pūtau katoa ngā i roto i te toto i whakaritea e to ratou rahi, taimaha, tau, me te ōrau. I tua atu, i te taumata whanganga o pūtoto, hematocrit, me tere ngeniwhero auau parataiao.

kawea te reira i roto i te whakamātautau toto i runga i te analyzer hematology.

Ki te taea nga hua o te tākuta ako korero ki te ki āu tōtika ki te maimoatanga o te manawanui e kore he tika ki te ki tona whakarerekētanga me, te mea e tika ana, te mea e rite e hiahia ana koe te huri.

pūtau toto Major me ratou mahi

He aha hopoi mai hematology?

ako katoa momo pūtau 3 - platelets, pūtau toto whero, me te ma ngā pūtau toto. whai ratou katoa ratou whakaaro, me te mahi etahi mahi.

leukocytes

pūtau toto White - nga kaiwawao toto matua whawhai ki ongó microorganisms kino. Ko te reira i te pūtau toto ma o te puka a tawhio ki te pata ritenga. ratou pokapū tupuranga - kōpuku motuhake, ka karanga waitinana. Ko ratou nga ārai matua ki te tiaki ki te matūriki tohu te ati.

Ki te taka hoki etahi take i te nui kounga ranei o ngā pūtau ma toto, nga kōpuku tetere, tuku mate ki te horapa i roto i a ratou. Kua pakanga iho heke wātea i te mate, me te tauhohe ārai.

Tikanga, Me waiho leukocytes 4,5-11 mano. / ML. Ēnei ngā rerekētanga ona.

neutrophils

Neutrophils, e wahi noho neke atu i 72% o ngā momo katoa o ngā pūtau ma toto. Kei ēnei pūtau iti te nuinga i roto i te kopa o te tinana tangata, ko te iti o ratou wahi i roto i te toto. Tenei whakaritenga Ko e tika ana ki te meka i me te aroaro o te katoa e kitea neutrophils he wahi huaketo e te huakita pathogenic, me te haamou i ratou.

Hua i roto i to ratou tokomaha whakatairanga mate kitakita fungal ranei, ngā tukanga inflammatory, te takanga o te pukupuku, toto, kiko whara, etahi rongoā. kitea Whakaiti te i roto i te faaineineraa o te huaketo, te horopeta o radiation.

eosinophils

Eosinophils puha matū paitini me o ratou hua kinonga. whakatau ratou me pehea te pai ka rere i tukitukia e whakaora me te mahi whakaora i o te kopa pakaru me te ātete ki allergens.

pakeke Normal i te 1 ki te 5% i roto i te tātai leukocyte. eosinophil nui ake tuhia i ngā mate pāwera, infestations helminthic, tupu o te pukupuku mārere, ate cirrhosis me mariao gastrointestinal.

He āhuatanga motuhake o enei pūtau ko e hua ana o ratou i roto i ngā mate hopuhopu tohu te timatanga o te ora manawanui. heke te reira i te maha o eosinophils ki te katoa kēkeno o te tinana, te ahotea auau, kore o te moe, te wā postoperative.

basophils

Basophils Ko te rōpū iti o ngā pūtau ma toto, he ratou he iti iti iho i te 1% o te katoa, engari ko te nui ratou. No te mea o enei pūtau i roto i te tinana e kore e taea te whakahohe maha allergens me matūriki paitini, hei tauira i muri i ngau te pepeke.

kia rongo High basophils ofatiraa i te taumata o hormones thyroid colitis i mate whewhe keté, rino hē. taka ratou taumata i roto i te hapū, i te ra ina puta kano, te aroaro o kutukutu.

whakakitea ano hoki enei whika hematology.

monocytes

Monocytes - momo leukocytes porotītaha ki te hanganga ōrite. Ko ratou te täkupu mo te pakeke - 3-11%. Ko te ahua o horoi, e maka ana i roto i ngā pūtau tawhito, me te whakangaromia e te tinana mau i roto i te otaota, me te whakangaro i te paturopi paihere antigens.

Ko te hua i roto i te maha o monocytes tuhia i roto i te akoranga o ngā mate hopuhopu i roto i te puka nui, te whakaiti - i roto i anemias o etiologies rerekē. Ki te kore tata monocytes kitea, ka taea e tetahi amo te aroaro o pathologies matatini pērā i kanisā sepsis ranei.

lymphocytes

He mana ki te pupuri i te pūnaha ārai mate i te taumata tika lymphocytes, i reira kia kia neke atu i te 10 tau, e mau ana i te mahara ārai. Ko te aha e taea maha mate ora kotahi anake i roto i te oraraa taatoa. I roto i to ratou toto kei pā ana ki 19-37%.

Ki te awhina o lymphocytes e ngaro pūtau mutated tukulotoa mōhiohio fakakehei. Heoi, ko te hua koi i roto i to ratou maha, kia waiho hei faaiteraa o te puku e whanake i roto i te hinu wheua wheua. kitea te hua iti te i roto i mate o mate viral. lymphocyte hē ai mate kitakita lymphoma ranei.

Tenei te mea e hopoi mai whakamātautau hematology toto. Otiia e kore e katoa te e.

erythrocytes

pūtau toto whero - pūtau e mau tonu noa taumata toto hāora, me te kimi i te hauhā hua i roto i respiration me te tohanga toto. Ki te to ratou awhina, ngā ano te haamaitairaa o te kopa matūkai katoa. kawea whakarato utu hāora i roto mā pūtoto, e roto i ngā pūtau toto whero. Ki te he te reira iti rawa, kia haere mai hypoxia.

Kei te tino ngāwari kōpeke pūtau toto whero, me te taea te huri ki runga ki te 3 ngā wā. Te täkupu i roto i te toto hoki te tangata, me nga wahine, ko te 4-5 miriona. / Cu. mm me 3.7-4.7 miriona. / cu. mm aua. Ki te he taumaha ratou, e korero ana e pā ana ki te raruraru ki nga whatukuhu, maroketanga, aroaro o te puku, eritremii. Te fariiraa i te mau faaineineraa corticosteroid whakapiki i hoki te taumata o ngā pūtau toto whero.

E mea ohie ia te whakatau i te whakamātautau hematology toto.

heke ratou taumata e tika ana ki ngā anemias, i roto i te wā whanautanga tamariki me te inu i te taikaha i roto i te kopa.

platelets

Platelets whakarato taiepa iaia me te kopa o te kaha kaiao ki te noho tonu, te whakanui ake i to ratou kaha whakaora. I tua atu, ki te tika ana ki to ratou taonga occlude oko toto, toto tūnga, coagulates te toto.

Ka taea e piri tahi platelets roto ratou kore anake, engari ano hoki ki era atu pūtau, i te mea tino nui hoki tomo tiaki ki huakita te bloodstream. I muri te pia pūtau mōtepe pathogenic te ngaro, ko te hoki patu te puna o te ati. Ka whakamahia e tēnei āhuatanga te tinana kotahi ki te pupuri tahi te uaua, me ngā pūtau iaia.

Here te tahi whakamātautau toto hematological mōhiohio. Norm - 180-320 mano wae / ml ... Ki te nui haere te reira, na reira ko te taea o te mate kohi, kanisā, tukanga mate pukupuku i roto i te ate, me whatukuhu, rumati, enteritis, hopuhopu exacerbation mate, te ahotea ohorere, haurangi, anemia.

Ki te iti iho i te noa mate mōtepe taea pērā i kakā, kino ate me te wheua wheua, i te taikaha me te hē o hormones thyroid, waipiro me te whakamahi roa o etahi rongoā.

Whakaahuatanga o te tahi atu tohu i roto i te tātari

He aha atu e taea te whakatau i te whakamātautau hematology toto? Ko te tino ohie wetewaehere.

I muri ako i te kōrero i runga i te pūtau toto e whai ake nei i roto i te rarangi kia hematocrit. Ko te ōrau o ngā pūtau toto katoa me te wē tenei. Nuinga, Ko tenei tau i roto i te rohe o 39-49%, ki te rēhita rerekētanga iti, he kahore take ki te tirohanga nui tenei, kia rite ki hiahiatia tenei tohu te anake hoki kōrero whānui.

Nui hua heke ranei i roto i mea i reira ko te raruraru ki te nui o etahi pūtau toto. hematocrit Runga Kei te tino maha kitea i roto i te kore auroa o te hāora wai ranei i roto i te kopa tinana, toto o tini o nga mate, me te tākihi. Ka taea e hematocrit iti e te wā hapūtanga, anemia, kikī inu.

Tino mōhiohio whakamātautau toto hematological. Wetemuna i roto i ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki, ko te rite, engari i reira e te tahi mau rerekētanga.

Ko reira ano hoki nui ki te titiro i te auau te parataiao ngeniwhero - ESR. Tikanga, kia waiho ai 1-12 mm / h ki runga ki te ira tangata me te tau rānei. āhuatanga ESR tiketike rawa hoki matepukupuku me te mumura o ngā takenga mai, mate tākihi ranei te tāne i hormonal meinga i, tae atu i te gestation me hohipera, toto paheketanga. makaka tere MA atu pinepine, no te coagulation te whakararuraru, me te mātotoru o te toto, e taea meinga toto tamau - hemophilia.

Te tautuhi katoa o enei āhuatanga nui e taea Hematology whakamātautau toto. Me kawea i roto i mātanga te wetemunatanga.

mutunga

Ka taea te whakamahi whaiaro wetemuna tātari toto hematological mo te mōhiohio aro mātai anake. Me kawea whakaaro me te ūnga katoa i anake i te tākuta rite ki te whakamārama kia rapua e te tātaritanga atu whakamātautau me ngā whakamātautau.

I roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i te whanaketanga o maha mate ranei kitea ratou i te wā wawe, tūtohutia he tātaritanga taua te ki te tango i tetahi iti iho i te tau i te kāwai pakeke o te taupori, nga marama e ono, tamariki, me te kaumātua. Deciphering tātari hematological ka āwhina ki te ārai momo matatau o pathologies.