Writer Yuri Olesha: haurongo, whakaahua me ngā meka ngā

Rerekē maha atu kaituhi, i mahue ia i muri kahore pera nui nga mahi a Olesha Yuriy Karlovich. He tonu o ngā tona haurongo ahakoa pouri, engari reira. Ka rite ki maha kaituhi o te wā pāhoro, tae Olesha nga tihi o rongo, hoko he ahua fifi i roto i te whenua taitamariki nui. He aha, ka, i te tihi o te reira rongonui kua ngā mutu ki te mahi, a tahuri ana ki te pouri haurangi-tangata rawakore?

mātua Noble o te kaituhi heke mai

Yuri Olesha (kaituhi, e maha hape whakapono tamaiti) i whanau i roto i te utuafare o uri o rangatira Polish rawakore. E mea pinepine i roto i te haurongo o te kaituhi tuhi e ko he uri o te whānau rangatira i Peraruhia tona papa. e kore te mea katoa pono tenei. Ko e mo'oni, Olesha - he rangatira Belarusian ingoa rongonui o te rau tau XVI. Heoi, i runga i te wā kua whakaaetia e ratou Katorika, ka oho ki Poland. Hoki tenei take, i te timatanga o XX rautau. Ko kotahi rau ōrau Polish whānau Yuri Karlovich Olesha.

Ahakoa te whaea o te kaituhi heke mai (Olympia Vladislavovna) me tona papa (Carl Antonovich) - he tangata o whanau rangatira, no te mea i te hapu o nga raruraru pūtea ki te ora tano. Karl Olesha i mahi rite te mōhiohio Ekisia.

I muri i te revolution, heke te Olympia ko Karl Olesha i te Russian Empire ki Poland, te wahi noho ia tae noa ki tona mate. Ko te kaituhi kihai ia ki te waiho tona whenua, engari te wehenga rawa wheako i to ratou mau utuafare. Ko wai e matau ana, pea i ara ka puta ke tona koroheketanga i kihai ia ki te waiho ki a Yuri Olesha mātua. Biography ia ka taea tāpiri ake rawa rerekē. Ahakoa, pea, ka taea e tona taranata tino kauwhau i anake i roto i tona whenua kāinga.

Yuriy Karlovich Olesha: he biography poto o te tamarikitanga

Wāhi o te kaituhi o "toru Fat tangata" i roto i Elisavetgrad (tae noa ki 2016 - Kirovohrad, inaianei - Kropyvnytskyi) i roto i te Hui-tanguru 1899

I roto i te 3 tau tuatahi o te ora e kore he tetahi faahiahia nunui Yuri Olesha. Haurongo mō ngā tamariki i roto i pukapuka te nuinga o Whakahekea wā elesavetgradsky o tona ora, me neke te aronga i runga i ngā mātua o te kaituhituhi ki Odessa. I muri i te katoa, kua meinga tenei pa he kāinga tūturu ki a ia, me te he pouraka mo tona taranata.

He tau torutoru i muri i neke whakauru Yuriy Karlovich Olesha Rishelevsky i te kura. Here ka e ia anaanatae i roto i te kēmu o whutupaoro, a tae noa ka mau wahi i roto i ngā whakataetae pa i te taha o te hākinakina. Heoi, e tika ana ki ngā raruraru ki te ngakau o te tamaiti hohoro i ki te hoatu ake tou arearea tino. Ko ia hohoro kitea he hou - mahi whiti.

Mīharo e te mahi a Gumilyov, i roto i nga tau o te ako i roto i te kura nui noa timata ia te tuhi ratou ake rotarota taitamariki Yuri Olesha. Te kaituhi, kei te whakaputaina i roto i nga pukapuka katoa o te whenua nei haurongo - e te pehea ahau i kite toku kura pupū ake nei. Ngā faauruhia tūmanako e tona "Klarimondu" whakaputaina i roto i te "Journal o te tonga". Heoi, ko te kaiārahi o te hākinakina kihai i rite to ratou riri mo te tauira, kia araia hoki te tangata taitamariki ki te tuhituhi rotarota, me i te wa i mahue ia ona tautooraa tuhituhi.

angitu puta te tahae 1917 Olesha i te kura nui, a whakauru i roto i te manga ture o te whare wānanga rohe.

Whai wāhi i roto i Odessa "Team o nga kaitito"

Otiia kihai ia i riro i te rōia Olesha Yuriy Karlovich. Kua tona haurongo kua puta ke i te Revolution o 1917 me te huringa muri i roto i te hanganga pāpori o te whenua.

Ka rite ki tokomaha o ana hoa tuhituhi - Kataev, I. Ilf ko E. Bagritsky, tutaki Olesha tenei katoa ki te hari, me te tumanako mo te putanga o te hou, pai me te ake ao noa. Hiahia ki te waiho i te wahi o reira, i muri i te 2 nga tau o te tamarikitanga ako maturuturu iho atu ia, ka arotahi ki runga ki te hanga o tona mahi tuhituhi. Pea te pana o tenei ano hoki ko te meka e i roto i 1919 kua te kaituhi heke mai i mate ki te kirika, me te papaki ana ora.

Ko nga mea katoa i mau, engari i muri i mahue i te whare wānanga, Olesha, ki Ilf, Kataev me ētahi atu hoa, whakaritea he rōpū tuhituhi "Ko te ngātahi o kaitito."

roa tenei whare 2 tau. I roto i tenei wa i roto i ona rarangi i tae mai e pā ana ki 20 tau tuhituhi pai-mohiotia (tae atu Vladimira Sosyuru, te faaroo Ibner ko Zinaida Shishova).

I te mau pureraa, "Takimano o kaitito", lau nga kaiuru ratou mahi ake, ka takina rotarota o Mayakovsky, i i hoki ratou te paerewa o te whiti o ngā wā hou.

I tua atu ki ahiahi tuhituhi, whai wāhi Olesha me ana hoa i roto i ngā mahi mātauranga. I roto i ngā, te tohatoha ratou pukapuka i roto i te kaimahi me te Army Whero, me te waihanga i to koutou ake whare pukapuka.

mahi "kaitito Team" Active, me te rawa hua i kitea i roto i Moscow, me i 1922 he tokomaha o ratou i karangatia ki te neke ki te whakapaipai o te USSR, ki te mahi i roto i te tahi atu pa nui o te whenua ranei. Nā ki te meka i mahue nga kau taki matua o te rōpū tuhituhi Odessa - wahia ana e ia.

mahue Yuri Karlovich te pa te taha o te moana mo te tau i mua i te hui - i karangatia e ia ki te mahi i roto i Kharkov.

E toru Muses Yuri Olesha

I te kaituhi taitamariki i maha ngā take ki te waiho ratou whenua. Ko tētahi o ratou - te wahine.

I te ano tetahi o nga kau taki o te "Team o Writers," ko ahau i roto i te hononga aroha ki Serafimoy Gustavovnoy Suok Yuri Olesha.

mārama tohu Biography kaituhi aroha e ko ia he wahine o tikanga pāhekeheke. Heoi, i taua wa i roto i te rohe o te whanonga o Bohemia i whakaaro huatau, me te ara ahu whakamua.

Arā, i roto i te mana tūturu ki Oleshye, Seraphima (Sima) whakatuwheratia he romance poto ki tetahi o nga kaihokohoko. He nga hau e i meatia ai tata i te tono o Olesha me Kataeva. Te whakapae tumanako nga tangata e taea te tiki i te ataahua o Hema i te kāri rawa a Love ki raa ranei ētahi atu taonga i roto i te supply poto, kei te hapa nei i te wa o te hemokai. Heoi, ka oho Swauk ki ora ki "kaitautoko", wehi e ngaro he tetahi herehia ake, a ka mau tona whare ko Yuri Karlovich.

Kia aroha mai, i muri i tona hokinga mai hohoro āmiomio Simochka mīharo e punake Soviet Vladimir Narbut, a haere atu ana i Olesha, hoko i te wahine o tona tirohanga hou, me te whiriwhiri.

I roto i te hepohepo marenatia kaituhi maka tona tuahine Olga, a meinga ana hei hoa pono mō te ora.

tuahine rua ka Swauk te tauira o te "toru Fat tangata" o te protagonist. A, ki te oti rawa ōkawa tenei mahi i ki Zhene Oleshi, i tāruatia te āhua rawa o te huru i te pehi Simochka, i whakahaere ki te haere ki faaipoipo rua atu i muri i te whakarere ki repressed Narbut.

I tua atu ki te tuahine ko Swauk Yuri Karlovich tetahi purakau, hoki i tuhituhi e ia te "toru Fat tangata". Ko te ingoa o tenei ataahua - Valentine Leontievna Gryunzayd. Ahakoa ka tutaki ratou - ko ia he kotiro ko Valya. I mīharo Olesha i te aroha noa o tana tamaiti, ka whakaae kia tuhituhi ki tona korero, e muri i. Ano, i ētahi wā tawai ia e ka tupu Gryunzayd - e kore e ki te marena ia. Engari kia rite ki ngā pakeke, ka Valentine te wahine o tona hoa - Petrov.

Columnist i roto i te "oro waea"

I muri neke i roto i te 1921 i roto i Kharkov, ka anga ia ki te mahi kia rite ki te kaituhi o ngā whiti me kōrero arearea Yuri Olesha. Ka taea te whakaahuatia haurongo Poto o ia i roto i tenei wā rite: ano mahi, me te mahi. Yuri Karlovich mahi i te piki haere. A e kore e ki te whakaaro o te whara ngakau i muri i whawhati ki Sima ake, Olesha tino arotahi i runga i te mahi - me mo te take pai. I roto i te tau o te mahi i roto i Kharkov i whakawhitia ki te whakapaipai o te USSR.

Tenei riro ia he wāhi mātātoa i roto i te ora tuhituhi, a ka tutaki ki tokomaha o ana whakapakoko.

I whakatairangatia ana i roto i te niupepa "Whistle", whakaputa te kaituhi i te reira i roto i tona hākiki, pūhohe rorirori, e riro te aroha o kaipānui puta noa te whenua. I roto i tenei take, whakamahia e te reira i te ingoakē o "uhi".

Te angitu i roto i te mara tuhituhi me te aronga o nga mana hanga te kaituhi whakaaro e pā ana ki te tuhi i te tuhi nui.

korero orurehau-whaiāipo "Te toru Fat tangata"

Ko te mahi nui tuatahi o Yuri Karlovich Olesha ko te korero Raorao Gryunzayd korero ai - "te toru Fat tangata." Ahakoa i whakaputaina ai i roto i 1929, i tuhituhi te kaituhi reira nui mua - i roto i te 1924

I roto i tenei kōrero e pā ana ki te iwi pakeke-mahi aro ki ngako kaituhi tangata-pirinoa tino ratou mana'o hou katoa. He tonu o whakarite me tales patupaiarehe tenei pukapuka, ahakoa tona wahi he kore wahi mo te makutu.

Ahakoa te meka i tuhituhia tenei pukapuka mo Valenitina Gryunzayd, te huru matua o tenei korero (Acrobat Swauk), Yuri Karlovich ingoa i roto i te kororia o te aroha o mua, me te wahine o nāianei.

Ahakoa kua haere maha nga tau mai i te whakatūnga o "tangata toru Fat" - e kore feaa, ko te mahi tino anaanatae e tuhituhia Yuri Olesha tenei. Biography, kāore, i muri i te hanganga o tenei korero te āta timata ki te tahuri ki te moepapa. I muri i te katoa, ka mau te kāwanatanga Soviet iti tukino o dissidents. Ko te ati o tenei āhuatanga takoto i roto i te meka i fehangahangai te nuinga o nga toi i ki te pai rawa: tuku ki te mana, me te ki te riro i te kaitukino ranei tuku me te kia mongamonga e te mīhini totalitarian.

I roto i nga tau e haere mai ana, he tokomaha o nga hoa, me i mohio o te kaituhi i roto i tetahi ara ranei tetahi hei patunga o te kaupapa here ahurea hou. Tona pe'ape'a Yuri Karlovich whakaahuatia i roto i te tahi atu mahi nui - te pūrākau "hae".

"Hae" Yuriya Oleshi

I roto i 1927, i roto i te "Whero wahine Soil" i whakaputaina tuatahi Oleshi Roma - ". Hae" Tino korero, kihai i tenei mahi te mahi nui tuatahi o Yuri Karlovich. No te mea e taua wa i kua oti te tuhituhi te reira, "toru Fat tangata", engari ka kia whakaputaina ratou 2 tau i muri mai.

Ko te pūrākau "hae" i māfana riro e fakaangá me kaipānui. Te nuinga pea, ko tenei e tika ana ki te meka i reira whakaahuatia Olesha te whakarau fakamamahi o te hinengaro o nāianei e kore e nei i pai i roto i te hapori Soviet hou.

Heoi, o tau he tokorua tika, ko te pūrākau "hae" he kaupapa o te faaino teimaha, no te mea e kore e rite i te reira ki te talena hapori.

Na, whakaraupapahia i reira Yuri Olesha haurongo kore anake tona, engari ano hoki rau o te tahi atu tohunga toi e kore i hiahiatia i te whenua hou, engari kihai i i taea ki te waiho. i rongo reira e te solia te whakapakoko o Andrei Babichev i ki Mayakovsky.

meinga tenei pūrākau he pororaru, a whakaekea ana tona kaihanga ki te tihi. Na riro i muri i te whakaputanga o "tangata toru Fat" Kua mohio tona kaituhi rite te kaituhi Soviet. Na, tata tetahi pukapuka i reira ko te nui ranei te haurongo iti Yuriya Oleshi. au ra te reira i, i roto i te mua o tatari ia mo te heke mai kanapa mai - engari kihai i tenei tupu.

korekore Creative Oleshi

Ka rite ki te tangata auaha, ko tino tairongo Yuri Karlovich me kore kite i te huringa i roto i te hapori i roto i te mutunga o te 20 - wawe 30-doma. kihai i taea e noa. I tua atu ki te oto kawa i roto i te mau mana'o o te revolution, i tukua e Olesha tetahi ati. Aha hiahia ia ki te tuhituhi, e kore hiahia i roto i te kaha. Ano, e kore e whakaaro reira noa e kore e hāngai, engari āta riro te mana o te ture.

I roto i te horopaki o te talena Soviet i reira ki te tuhituhi, ki te aha ka whiwhi koe i te rōpū, e kore tuhituhi i te katoa ranei. Ko te tika nui ki te ora i runga i, ki te ki te kahore tuhituhi? Ko te atu na te mea e kore e te kaituhi te whakaputa kiia aunoa ki te werau. A ko reira kua he hara.

Whakama i roto i te tuhinga o nāianei, ka tumatatenga Yuri Olesha ka anga ki te inu maha. He tau torutoru i muri ka e ia he waipiro ma'i. Rupe tona rongo huru e pā ana ki te whakatoi o tona hoa. He whakamomori Mayakovsky (nei i kotahi te mori mo te kaituhi i roto i te tuhinga), me te i pakaru hauora Yury Karlovich.

tau tata nei

Ahakoa ngā raruraru hauora, waipiro, ngā paheketanga kaituhi, noho ia mo 30 tau, ka mate i roto i Mei 1960

Ko te Oleshi paetae tino Tūrongo i roto i tenei wā ko ana rātaka. i whakaputaina ratou rite te pukapuka motuhake "kore ra, kahore he aho" i muri i te matenga o te kaituhi.

Heoi, ki te nga blogs - mahi reira mo te wairua, ka roaa te ora "tinana" Yuri Karlovich e tuhi whakaari me screenplays. Te nuinga o ratou - te urutaunga o nga mahi a Chekhov, Dostoevsky, Kuprin me "toru Fat tangata" me "hae".

I te wa taua i reira nga mongamonga o tona ake hanganga. I roto i ngā, "mate Zanda." Tenei mahi kia oti i runga i o Kominiusi kaituhi Zandi, Olesha te whakarau tamata ki te whakapuaki io ratou whakaaro i runga i te mooni hapori e karapoti ana.

I roto i te tekau tau whakamutunga o tona ora whakaritea inoi Olesha Yury Karlovich. Haurongo mō ngā tamariki, mahi nei i roto i pukapuka maha, varavara utu whakarongo ki tenei meka. Heoi, i roto i tenei wā o te ora arahina tata manene te kaituhi.

Ko te take i i kore i ia ratou ake whare, a ka noho te kaituhi o "hae" maha te tangata i hoa i mohio ranei. I tua atu ki moni tuhituhi onge, ki te tiki moni mo te kai i tauturu ia banal tono i runga i te huarahi. i taea te inu e tika ana ki te kaituhi Soviet taitamariki atu waimarie nei tukinotia ia, i roto i o te faatura ki te taranata nui.

Te riroraa Dandy taitamariki, i roto i tona koroheketanga i Yury Karlovich ki te haere tawhetawhe i.

mate ia kaituhi i te whakaeke ngakau banal.

Ka rite ki te kaituhi o mua, i tanumia ia i roto i te urupā Novodevechem Moscow. I roto i te rarangi tuatahi o te wāhanga tuatahi.

Ahakoa i roto i tona whārua waipiro tawai Yuri Olesha e e hiahia ia e ko he nui atu te ataahua atu kia ia mo te kaiaka tuhituhi tona tangihanga. I te wa ano e whiwhi ia i roto i te ora o te uara moni o te rerekētanga o te tikanga e rua.

Yuri Olesha: biography, ngā meka

• Ko te reo taketake o te tamaiti tenei nui kaituhi Soviet ua Polish. Russian i ako ia i muri, e noho ana i roto i Odessa. I roto i tenei i awhinatia ia e tona kuia, nei whakaako i te wa taua tauhanga o te tamaiti.
• he tuahine Wanda a Yuri Karlovich. I whanau ia e rua nga tau i mua atu i tona teina. Ko te kaituhi a muri mai tamarikitanga i rawa piri ki a ia, ka ora tino mate ia i mua. Ko te patu nui e Wanda mau e Yuri, e kua ora ake, a he reira - e kore.
• I roto i te pukapuka Valentin Kataev "Diamond toku karauna", i roto i te tua Esenina, Ilf ko Papera, a ka tuhituhi e Yuri Olesha. Tona koioranga, Heoi, kua ahua masked, me te kaituhituhi ia puta i raro i te ingoa o te kī artist-metaforista. Ratau, e kore e whakaae ki tino te mahi taua te tangata whakaahuatia ko Sima Suok. i hoatu ia i te īngoa "e matenui nei."
• Olga Gustavovna Swauk, ka ko kua faaipoipo te wahine tuatahi, me te anake o te kaituhi i te wa o tona faahoaraa, a i te tama. I muri i tona marena ki Olga Olesha ka mau ki tona tēnā.
• I roto i te wā i tau 1936 ki te tau 1956. kihai i mahi Oleshi kua whakaputaina. I muri kua meinga te whakakāhoretanga o te kanga unofficial tūnga rite te kaituhi o te tamariki Yuri Olesha. haurongo poto mō ngā tamariki haere tahi e tata nga whakaputanga "toru Fat tangata". I roto i tenei take, kei te uaua reira whakahuatia tona whārua me mahi atu nui.
• kei ara te haurongo poto Yuriya Karlovicha Oleshi mōhiohio e i ki te moe kōhungahunga rawa haere. Heoi, i ia i roto i tona tamarikitanga kahore moni mo tenei. E tipu ake a kahore i tuhituhia i roto i te tuhinga o te talena hapori, kihai te kaituhi i haere ki waho, ka kua kua ake tangohia o te whai wāhi ki te kite i te ao nei rite ia e taea te ki tona hoa Ilf. I whakaritea i roto i te wā katoa o tona ora (me i te tihi o te rongo, a ka i roto i nga tau o te korekore) Olesha tino pouri e te e pā ana ki reira.