Ahumahi i roto i China. Ahumahi ko Agriculture o Haina

timata te whanaketanga tere o te ahumahi i roto i Haina i te 1978. Ko te ka timata te kāwanatanga ki te whakatinana i kaha whakarerekētanga ohaoha ohaoha. Tuatahi o te katoa, āwangawanga ratou te tčnei, taketake ki te kaweake ahumahi, kukume haumi ke, me te hanga i ngā rohe ōhanga ki te tāke pai, me te āhuarangi ture. Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i to matou wa, tenei whenua ko tetahi o te feia faatere o te ao i roto i te hanga o tata rōpū hua katoa.

He hītori poto o te whanaketanga o te ahumahi i roto i Haina

Ka rite ki maere rite kia tangi ai, engari tae noa ki te rau tau waenganui-rua tekau, ko China he pūnaha kāwanatanga āhua-feudal ki te ōhanga taramore, me te hanga. I roto i ngā o te ahumahi, lagged reira i muri i te whenua whakawhanakehia o te ao mo te neke atu i te kotahi rau nga tau, a ka mahi anake rite te koloa, me te taupa agrarian. timata mea ki te huri i muri i 1949, ka i kauwhautia China. I muri pupuri i roto i te wā poto ngā o te ahumahi ahumahi me te ahuwhenua i roto i China timata ki te whakawhanake tere. He pu tohu o tenei e taea te huaina te meka i puta noa i runga i rima tekau tau i roto i te whenua e pā ana ki 370 mano pakihi hou. Ko te rōrahi o te hanga i roto i tenei wā nui haere e 39 ngā wā. I teie mahana, Ko te whenua i roto i te tūranga ārahi i roto i te ao i roto i te maha o wheketere. Tona ahumahi katoa i tenei kanohi 360 ahumahi rerekē. Nā ki te reiti tino nui o te tupu, te kāwanatanga ētahi wā noa takoha ki pehi ia. meatia tenei e ki te ārai i te raruraru i muri me puranga i roto i te ōhanga o te ao. Ko te pokapū nui o ahumahi o Haina hāngai te nuinga i roto i te kawanatanga takutai rawhiti. Ko ētahi o ēnei Liaoning, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shandong me ētahi atu.

Extraction o te hau me te hinu

Ko te whenua whakamanamana te subsoil tika taonga. Ahakoa tenei, te tukatuka ahumahi whakawhanakehia o Haina nui, pai atu i keri. Ko nga mea katoa ko reira, te rahi o te rāhui hau māori kitea i roto i nga rohe tonga, me te rawhiti o te whenua, tata kairangahau e neke atu i te 4 mano piriona taranata. Ka rite ki o tenei ra, e tūhura iti iho i te 4% o ratou. Ka rite ki hoki te hanga te hinu, ka pūkete reira mo te kotahi-te rima o te hanga o te wahie, me te pūngao rauemi o te Basileia Middle. Rahui o te koura pango, i ngā 16% o ngā moni ka, i reira e pā ana ki 64 piriona taranata. I tēnei wā i roto i te whenua i reira e 32 kamupene e faaaravihi i hanga hinu. Ko te nui rawa wheketere rohe mo tona tukatuka i te kawanatanga o Tsaidam Yuymen, witi me Shandong.

ahumahi marama

Hoki i roto i nga wa mua-pāhoro, ahumahi marama i roto i Haina kua kairau a te wāhi nui i roto i te hanganga o tona ōhanga. He mea tino nui mo te whanaketanga o te whenua i tenei rohe tonu i tenei ra. Oia mau, i roto i nga ahumahi kai, me te pueru kiia hoki tata 21% o ngā hua ahumahi katoa hangaia i roto i te whenua. Ārahi kamupene e hua i te reira, e marara puta noa te whenua. Ko te nuinga o whakawhanakehia i roto i te tonga o Haina te ahumahi kai. I roto i te rohe ki te raki-hauauru e te nuinga i roto i te kamupene e faaaravihi i hanga kararehe, me te tukatuka o te miro. kamupene Te Tai Tokerau-rawhiti nuinga rave i roto i te pepa, miraka me te huka aronga o taua ahumahi rite ahumahi marama i roto i China. I roto i te whānui, i roto i te āhua, i reira e ki runga 23 mano kamupene pueru, te wahi e āhuatanga hanga o ngā rauemi mata, me te tukatuka i te mārama he arotahi, me te pā ana ki 65 mano hinonga i roto i te ahumahi kai. Kaua e wareware ki tenei katoa, me te hanga o te pepa. Ahakoa kore te mea rite hao rite te rāngai e rua o mua, engari tonu whai wāhi tino nui i roto i te whanaketanga o te whenua.

ahumahi taimaha

Waihoki, te tahi atu rāngai o te ōhanga, kaua tere hurihuri me te ahumahi taimaha i roto i China. Kua hoki kamupene motuhake i roto i reira i muri i te ara roa i roto i te tau torutoru mua kua āhuatanga e te heke i roto i te hanga pukapuka. I te wa ano, rite ki kaitätari maha te ao, te mea kahore ki te mahi ki te kounga o ngā hua, me te utu. Ko te meka e inaianei kua kaha te taikaha, i ki te puipuitua o tērā kohi, i roto i te whenua e kore anake, engari ano hoki huri noa i te ao, Me tika koe ki te tapahia te whenua. Ko te tino-utu whai hua, kia rite ki te mahi whakaatu e rite o tenei ra i roto i te ahumahi, he pakihi iti. Tohunga tautohe e kore e taea e tenei muri roa, na te mākete, ko te tino ki te kia tūariarihia i roto i te heke mai tata, i muri nei e haere e pā ana ki te 5% o kamupene i roto i tenei ahumahi kaihau ka kia riro e ngā umanga nui ranei.

engineering

Tae noa te waenganui o te rau tau whakamutunga, Whakatangi noa te reira i kore tūranga i roto i te whanaketanga o te ōhanga o Haina. ahumahi o te whenua e kore e tata e hangaia mīhini ki te wae wahi, manureva, tarakihana, waka, me te pera i runga i. I roto i te meka, i hanga te engineering aunoa i muri i te revolution i roto i te 1949 i te hou i roto i China. Anake i roto i te tuatahi rima-Tau Mahere roto i te whenua i hanga reira nui atu i te 60 ngā tipu (wahi tuatoru o ratou i hanga whakawhetai ki te tautoko kaha i te Soviet Union). Ka rite ki te hua, inaianei kua puta ke te āhuatanga tino. I tēnei wā, hua te ahumahi neke atu i 53 mano hua, me te tino tutuki nga hiahia ā-o te kāwanatanga. Hoki te pokapū engineering nui ko Beijing, Shenyang, Shanghai ko Tianjin.

metallurgy

Ka rite ki tuhia i runga, ko te tino taonga i roto i ngā rauemi māori o te whenua. Nā ki tenei whanaketanga ko reira tino me ahumahi rino i roto i China. Tata ki te katoa kawanatanga rohe motuhake ranei te wahi i nga hinonga o metallurgy ferrous, te maha katoa o e nui te tohu o 1.5 mano. Ko te āhua hua neke atu i te kotahi mano ngā momo o te parahi, tae atu ki ngā alloys mo te ahumahi rererangi, āhuatanga e ātete wera tiketike, me te tiketike-kōeke ki āhuatanga këtia. Ko te drawback matua, i te mea angamaheni hoki te nuinga o ngā kamupene i roto i tenei mara, ka he taumata hangarau āhua iti o te hanga, me te rawakore taputapu ratou ki te hangarau hou. Ano, e pā ana ki 70% o taua hinonga i roto i whānui kore rawa ki te whakaurunga maimoatanga. Ko te metallurgy kore-ferrous, e taea te whakaahuatia te tikanga mo tona whanaketanga humarie rite pai rite i roto i te ngakau aroha o te whenua i reira he putunga taonga o parahi, konupora, konutea, hiriwa, koura, arahi me te tokomaha atu tokahuke. I te wa ano kia tuhia te reira e te torutoru anake tekau tau ki muri, mātātoa whakawhanakehia keri anake etahi o ratou, ka kawea atu ia ki te whakawhanake chaotically, kahore haapa'oraa o ture haumaru pūmotu.

production pereoo

He wāhi nui hoki te ōhanga o te whenua e whai ahumahi automotive i roto i China. Ko te tōtika o whaia e te kāwanatanga i roto i tenei rohe i te kaupapa here, ko te tiketike rawa. Tuatahi o te katoa, kua whakahuatia ai e te meka e kua pai te whakawhanakehia te State mahi tahi ki maha ārahi kamupene motokā. Ka rite ki o tenei ra te Tiretiera anake whakarato tata katoa o te tono kāinga mō ngā waka. Ko te kupu e kore e nui ake to ratou kawemai te taumata o te 10%. Ko te nuinga e tika ana ki te meka e kore e te kāwanatanga ngana ki motorization o te taupori (ake mīhini he% 1 anake o te taupori) tenei āhuatanga. He maha o takoha, mau ohipa, me here arahina ki te meka i te motokā ko te papai.

ahumahi hanga

Matara i te i roto i te wahi whakamutunga i roto i ngā o te whanaketanga, ko te ahumahi hanga o Haina. E kore te mea poitirere tenei, no te mea i roto i te whenua i reira he rāhui nui o gypsum, graphite, kiripaka, te uku te kounga teitei, papa kiripaka, pākeho me Mika. Ko te nui tino o nga mea katoa o ngā rauemi hanga ko te hanga o te sima, whakapumautia nei i roto i te rohe-raki rawhiti o te whenua. hāngai te nuinga o nga kamupene mo te hanga o tāpa uku te i Boshan, JiangXi, Shenyang ko Urumqi, me ngā wheketere pereki - e kore e matara atu i Beijing. he rongonui mo ona kaha kamupene papa kiripaka Sichuan te pa.

ahumahi matū

Ahakoa nga rāhui nui o hau, waro me phosphates, i roto i China kore hoki te wa roa i whakarongo ki ahumahi maha. Etahi o ratou anō-hanga noa i muri i te revolution. Ko kahore okotahi, me te ahumahi matū i roto i China. I roto i te hawhe tuatahi o nga rima tekau o te rau tau whakamutunga, i reira i 33 kamupene nui e faaaravihi i tenei rohe. I te wa ano i roto i te taua wā poto o te wā, kua nui haere atui te whānuitanga o ngā hua, ki te tohu o 900 taitara. Ko te umanga matū nui kei roto i Nanjing, Shanghai, Harbin, Shenyang ko Jilin.

ahuwhenua

Ko te maha tonu te piki haere o te taupori arata'i ki te hua i roto i te kohi kai. I roto i tenei whakaaro, ki te Kawanatanga o Haina karanga te matua ki te whakarite i te whanaketanga kaha atu o ahumahi pēnei i tukatuka kai me te ahuwhenua i roto i China. Ko te whenua kua te kaupapa here o te katoa-a tawhio noa te tautoko o te tikanga i roto ia i te tikanga ki te whakapai ake i tona taumata o te ora, me te whakanui ake i te tukua o te kai. I roto i ngā, kua kapea ki kaimahi i takoha ahuwhenua, takoha i runga i te hanga, patu, me te tahi atu utu. I tua atu, tangata nei e whai wāhi i roto i tenei ahumahi, ngā katoa o moni, takuhe, loans pai, me te ara āwhina mai. Tata kawanatanga katoa i te taumata-ture, te whakapūmau i te āhua te hoko o kai i kaimahi. kupu motuhake tika te takoha o te rohe tutu'a pūtaiao, e whakahaere ki te kawe mai i te maha o hua loto, e rave rahi taime ki runga ake i taua o ngā momo tuku iho.

mutunga

Tenei tuhinga whakarāpopoto anake te ahumahi nui i roto i China. Te kore te feaa, kua tutuki te Empire Tiretiera angitu rahi i roto i te tahi atu wāhanga o te mahi ohaoha. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko te whanaketanga o te mōhiohio me te hangarau koiora, pharmaceuticals, ururua production, kōrero, te whakapai ake te hangarau rorohiko, te whanaketanga o ngā mātāpuna hou o te pūngao, whakaiti o te parahanga taiao, me te tokomaha atu wāhi.