Anarcho-syndicalism: te whakamāramatanga, te fakataipe. Anarcho-syndicalism i Russia

Anarcho-syndicalism ko tetahi o nga nekehanga maui-parirau tino noa i roto i te ao. I roto i te puka i roto i te mea te reira i teie nei, puta reira, nui atu i te kotahi rau tau ki muri. He maha ngā kaitautoko huri noa i te ao te motini. Ratou mahi tōrangapū e wahi i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā wāhi. Ko te tino whānui Range o mahi tōrangapū: i te māngai i roto i te Pākehā Pāremata, mutu ki te amuamu huarahi o te taitamarikitanga. He maha philosopho nui o te hawhe tuatahi o te rautau rua tekau ngā whakapono anarchist, me te kaha whai wāhi ki to ratou whakatairanga ki te tini. I roto i te iwi taitamariki, me te he rongonui anarcho-syndicalism. maha puta te tohu o tenei kaupapa i roto i whakaaturanga me aro.

Ko te takenga i roto i Russia

puta Anarcho-syndicalism i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau. I roto i Europe i reira tino rongonui te momo o nekehanga maui-parirau. I roto i te porowhita o pūkenga hope puta arohaehae o mahi o mau philosopho rongonui o te wā. Ko tētahi o nga mua rangatira tuatahi ko Mikhail Bakunin. I roto i tona ara ake ki te whakamāori i te whakaaro faaite ia federalism mua. Radicalize ratou, ka haere ia ki te anarchism. hanga mahi tona tuatahi he illius i France me Germany. Nga puka tāngia fakanounou ana whakaaro. i rawa rerekē i tenei ra o te mua tuatahi. Ko te kokonga o ratou mahi whakaaro ratou te uniana o nga kaimahi katoa i roto i nohonga ohu ranei (konei te ingoa). papā Inter-iwi kihai i pera koi ia atu. Heoi, Bakunin me ana kaitautoko whakapono e ki te hanga i te hapori noa, kahore kaitukino, ka tukinotia, he mea ka taea, me te ki runga ki te pūtake o te tuakiri iwi. Michael ia tu ana i runga i te panslavism tūranga - te whakaaro o te whakakotahitanga o Silaví katoa. whakapono ia e haere mai tonu te ahurea Pākehā i runga i te ara Slavic o te ora, e ngana ana ki te Päkehä i te reira. E pakipaki e maha ngā māngai o te hekenga Polish ana whakaaro.

Roger rocker

Ko tētahi atu theorist nui o te rau tau rua tekau - R. rocker. Anarcho-syndicalism i roto i tona matauranga he iti rerekē i te "matarohia". Rerekē Bakunin, ka mau e ia he wahi kaha i roto i te ora tōrangapū o Ūropi. Ko ia he rangatira o te Social Democratic Party o Germany. muri ana tautooraa i roto i te hanga e rave rahi rōpū hokohoko uniana, e kua takaro he wāhi nui i roto i te mau ohipa hou o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. I roto i te tīmatanga o nga pia ma i rite te kaha rite tonu nekehanga leftist huri noa te ao. He ko he revolution i Russia, o te akoranga, kua faauruhia nei, katoa o ona kaitautoko huri noa te ao. I roto i te nui o te hau emepera o mua hanga āhua hou. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, whakahaere Roque ki ngā rave rahi rōpū hapori. I roto i te Weimar Republic reira nga mano o te tautoko o anarcho-syndicalism. Heoi, me te haere mai ki te mana o te National pāpori mua me ētahi atu māngai o te ngā maui tuwhena timata ki te whai. I muri i te karanga o te Führer Hitler rocker rere ki Amerika, i reira ka mate ia i roto i 1958, mahue he tukufakaholo nui ki to'utangata.

te mau parau tumu taketake

Anarcho-syndicalism ko te kaupapa tawhiti-mahue. Ahakoa ngā ōritenga maha, he reira rawa rerekē i Communism. Ko tētahi o nga rerekētanga matua ko te whakakāhoretanga o te tufaa. Mua whakapono e he e taea ki te hanga i te hapori tika, kahore whakangaro i hanga katoa, mō ngā take o mua ki te āhua. Reira whai hoki, me te whakakāhoretanga o te wehenga iwi o nga tauiwi. Me hanga te hapori hou anake i runga i te pūtake o te whaiaro whakahaere-o kaimahi huri noa te ao. Ko te hanganga aroākapa me tino whakakahore. e kore e mua i ki te whai wāhi i roto i tetahi fetu'utaki mo e kakaí. mahi tōrangapū katoa e wahi anake i roto i te mahi hou. Splicing ki te taputapu āhua ko kaitukino mōhio mahi wehe kaupapa.

Ko te tikanga o te pakanga

Anarcho-Syndicalism riro whakahaere i roto i te mara. kia hāngai ohu o kaimahi i runga i te mau parau tumu o te tautoko tahi, me te matauranga. hiahiatia ana tēnei mana te mo te whawhai mo to ratou mana. Ka rite ki te tikanga whakaaro ko te mahi tika pera-ka karanga. patu te reira i, aro, whakahe ara, a na i runga i. I muri i te whakatau i runga i te timatanga o te mahi o tona fatongia ki te tautoko i nga kaimahi katoa. E hangaia ēnei mahi ki te huihui hapori, me te takoto te turanga mo te heke mai o te revolution. revolution o te iwi mo te whakaaro ki o te hapori tika ko te whāinga hopea o te anarcho-syndicalists.

collectivity

kia whakataunga katoa e pā te ora ia, ka tangohia e te pōti whānui i roto i te anga o ngā uniana nga kaimahi '. A, kia rite ki te tikanga ki te hanga i taua mau faaotiraa whakaaro hui whānui o kaimahi, i nga tuwhera ki ngā mema katoa o te hapori, ahakoa o pāpori, matawaka tetahi ranei ētahi atu hononga. whakakahore ano tetahi mahi tōrangapū waho o enei uniana. Kei te riria te reira ki te ahua o te mahi ki te taputapu kāwanatanga tetahi. I roto i te mau taime o rahi mua mana kore i whai wāhi i roto i te pōtitanga, a kihai i haere ki te takahi i ki te kāwanatanga. mutu ia patu i muri anake kamupene whakahaere e hiahiatia ana ngā huringa. I roto i tenei take, nga kaimahi kore ratou e fakangatangata koe e tetahi herenga a taea tīmata anō te tautohe i tetahi taime.

whakahaere o nohonga

i ki kia whakaritea anake haere te rārangi whakapae korerorero. I te wa ano whakakahore tetahi pene, me te whiriwhiri. Iwi i ki te hanga ratou iho ora i roto i to ratou uniana i roto i ona whakaaro anake, tango ki pūkete te whakaaro o te maha nui taea o ngā kaiuru. Uniana taea mahi ki tetahi ki tetahi, engari i runga i te mau parau tumu o te taurite. hapori here te kāwanatanga ranei paopao rōpū matawaka. E ai ki pūkenga nui, ohu mātauranga i runga i te parau tumu o te revolution pūmau i ki arahi ki te hanganga o te Ao Union.

mana tūmataiti

Ko te pakiaka o nga raruraru o syndicalists hapori hou whakapono taonga tūmataiti. E ai ki a ratou, ka mau te wehenga o te hapori ki ngā akomanga tika wahi i muri i te ahua tuatahi o te taonga tūmataiti (tikanga o te hanga). Ko te tohatoha ekore o ngā rauemi arahina ki te meka i riro katoa te tangata, kua whakataetae ki ētahi atu i te mau melo o te hapori. Na te tauira capitalist atu taepū o te hononga, te nui te pāhekoheko o te parau tumu taua hutia i roto i hinengaro o te iwi. whai te reira i tenei huru ki te āhua rite ki te okana anake whiu, katoa o nei tikanga uruhi mahi i roto i te ngākau nuitanga o te rōpū iti o takitahi. Na reira, he taea te whakangaromanga o te pūnaha aroākapa pērā i muri anake i te whakangaromanga o te moni. Mai i te runga ake reira whai e anarcho-syndicalism - he tirohanga e riro pakanga o nga tini mo ratou tika i roto i mahi tika, whakakahore mahi ki nga kaitukino, mo te whakaaro ki o te hanga i te hapori tika. Next, kia kōrero a pā ana ki te pehea i te reira i roto i Russia.

Anarcho-syndicalism i Russia

I roto i Russia puta te tuatahi-syndicalists anarcho i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau. puta te nuinga Motion i roto i te hinengaro whakamua reo, me te kua riro te hi'oraa o Decembrists. I raro i te mana o ariā, arā riro ofi ki kaimahi Bakunina mua, me te ki te whakarite i te mau amuiraa tuatahi. E huaina ratou "whāia". I te tīmatanga, ko te whānui o te whakaaro tōrangapū populists he tino rerekē. Maoro, Heoi, tu atu te parirau tuwhena o te tutu i raro i te ārahitanga o Bakunin. Ratou whakaaro, hoatu e ratou he ngangaretanga rongonui. E ai ki te ka anarcho-syndicalists, i muri ka te kāwanatanga whakatikanga ake, me te revolution kia whakangaromia, a ka ara ake i roto i tona wahi i te momo o kaimahi e hānga ana, me te korerorero, e ka hanga i te pūtake o te tikanga hou o te hapori. Kua whakaaro e rite wero e te Kominiusi. huaina ratou ratou utopian rawa. Ko te pūtake o te faaino i te whakaaro e, ara i roto i te take o te whakangaromanga o te kāwanatanga capitalist kore e whakapumautia kāwanatanga o te iwi, mai te tango tonu whenua tata painga o te āhuatanga.

hurihuri

He he ano hoki te hou anarcho-syndicalism. Kara tona whero me te pango, he mara e rua i te koki. Ko te tae whero ko te tohutoro ki te hapori, me te pango - ki ihe. He tino rerekē i ratou matua syndicalists Modern. Ki te whai milioni o te mau melo i te uniana rautau anarchist rua tekau, engari inaianei kua riro ratou tamarikitanga warea. I roto i Europe reira ko te tipu haere rongonui o whakaaro leftist. Heoi, hei utu o te whawhai ki te kore ōritenga piha haapiiraa hou anarcho-syndicalists hoatu i roto i te matua ki te whawhai ki ngā ngā o te whakahāweatanga. I te tahi taime te heahea, reira, i roto i te hapori kore tautokona nga take mō amuamu papatipu anarcho-syndicalism. Ko te whakamāramatanga o tenei Māoritanga, tenei ake atu i te kotahi rau tau ki muri, te tikanga tenei ra i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē, i te mea he aha noa i roto i te taiao o te mua i reira he kahore kotahitanga. Na reira, e kore e te motini tautoko e te iwi.

Ko te mahi tino rongonui

Kua kaha mua ake atu i te rau tau whai wāhi i roto i ngā tukanga tōrangapū o te tino tikanga tuku iho. I roto i te pia ma, kua kairau a ratou he wāhi nui i roto i te whakatūnga o te Weimar Republic, me te huringa tikanga i roto i ētahi atu whenua. aro te wā maha degenerating ki ngangaretanga tūmatanui. I taea te kite i maha puna, i France anake, tautoko mo te miriona iwi te anarcho-syndicalism. He aha te mea, ratou mārama kore i taea e whakahoki, no te mea no te nuinga enei iwi ki te rāngai rawakore o te hapori. Otiia i kaha ki te whakaora i te rota o raruraru ki te kāwanatanga ratou. I roto i te 30raa o nga mano o mua i haere ki a Spain ki whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga kaiākiri.