Anatomy. iatuku kakī Common

Kakī iatuku - te roro me nga kanohi - oko e tuku toto ki nga okana katoa me te kopa o te matenga, me te kaki, i roto i te wahi tuatahi takirua. Ko te aha ta tatou e matau e pā ana ki a ia? Pea anake mai ki te ngakau whakaaro e, mā te pēhi i ki o koutou maihao i roto i te rohe i reira haere ai (i korokoro te, i roto i te ahunga o te pukorokoro), ka taea e tonu ngāwari kitea koe he pini.

Ko te hanganga o te iatuku kakī

kakī Common iatuku (te tokomaha "3" i roto i te ahua) he ona takenga i roto i te rohe pouaka me ngā o oko toto e rua - te matau, ka mahue. I puhake mai te reira i te taha o te pukorokoro me pū kai me nga tukanga hake o te pekehoe o te kaki e tata ana te mua o te tinana.

Ko te tika iatuku kakī noa kua he roa o te 6 ki te 12 henimita, ka tīmata i te kātua brachiocephalic me mutu i roto i te rohe o wehewehe i te mata o runga o te wheua ngohe thyroid.

Ko te iatuku kakī noa mahue ki te tokorua matau o henimita te roa (e taea tona rahi tae 16 henimita) no te mea e haamata te reira i paku raro - i te kikorangi te pūtahi o.

pera kakī Common (maui, me te tika wahi) o nga uaua pouaka e whakatika te taupoki pekehoe waha poutū whakarunga. I roto i te pokapū i waenganui i te tika, me te mahue te oko haere te pū kai, me te ngongo pukorokoro. Waho o reira, ofi ki te mua o te kaki, ko te rua kotahi jugular Vienna. whakahaua ona rere toto e ki raro, ki te uaua ngakau. A i waenganui i te iatuku kakī noa me te rua jugular ko te karere vagus. Fakataha hanga e ratou he paihere neurovascular waha.

Bifurcation o te iatuku kakī noa

I te tihi, e tata ana te mata o te wheua ngohe thyroid ko te wehenga o te iatuku kakī ki roto, o waho / waho (i roto i te whakapakoko tuatahi tohua 1 me 2). I roto i te wahi o te bifurcation, te wahi i nga manga iatuku kakī noa ki e rua hiwi ko te toronga, e kiia nei ko te pakohu kakī me te tinana pheochrome hiamoe - pātata ki te aho o te nodule iti. Ko te tino nui i roto i te tinana tangata tenei rohe pūpū, he reira te kawenga mō te pēhanga toto (tona pūmautanga), te tamau o te uaua ngakau me hau toto.

wehea iatuku kakī waho te atu ki te maha ngā rōpū o oko nui, me te kaiwhakawhiwhi toto ki te salivary me repe thyroid, uaua kanohi me te arero, kaki, me te rohe hūare, te rohe o te kauae runga, me te wāhi pae tino. Kei a ia ko:

• te waho o te thyroid;
• e kake atu pharyngeal;
• reo;
• te mua;
• kōpako;
• posterior iatuku auricular.

wehea te iatuku kakī ā te atu ki oko toto rima, me te whai wāhi ki te mara o te transportation o nga nenewha, te mua, me te hoki o te matenga o te roro, te ua i roto i te takiwā o te pekehoe waha. Kei a ia ko e whitu wāhanga:

• Hononga.
• Kanohi.
• Waha.
• Rocky.
• Poro.
• Cavernous.
• kanukanu Wāhanga rua.

Measurement o te rere toto i roto i te iatuku kakī

Ki te whanganga i te taumata toto e tika ana ki te haere i te ako, i huaina nei ko te matawai Matarua o oko brachiocephalic (SPL BCA). Brachiocephalic huaina (mainline) oko te pera nui me uaua i roto i te tangata tinana - kakī, vertebral, subclavian. Ko ratou te hunga e kawenga mō te supply toto ki nga kopa roro o te matenga, me te topito o runga.

Hua tohu GCA SPL:

• lumen iaia whanui;
• aroaro / ngaro o tohu hanganga, tihorenga, clots toto ki runga ki o ratou taiepa;
• roha / stenosis o nga taiepa oko;
• mo te deformation, kapiti, aneurysms.

rere noa toto ki te roro - 55 ml / 100 g kiko. Ko tenei taumata o te ahunga whakamua i runga i te kakī wakaae roro pai krovosnabzheniyaegolovnogo me kahore whāiti o te lumen, hanganga kirikita, deformations o te uaua kakī.

Thrombosis o te iatuku kakī

A, no te i pōkia te ā-/ noa / pera kakī waho (i roto i te thrombus lumen oko i hanga), puta patunga rere pūroto, me te mate ētahi wā ohorere. Ko te take matua o te Thrombosis he atherosclerosis, e arata'i ki te hanganga o te tohu. Ētahi atu take mo te ahua o whakatū papa he:

• te aroaro o taua ma'i rite te dysplasia fibromyshechnaya, mate moyamoya, Horton, Takayasu o;
• whara roro pāmamae ki kanokanototo i te rohe o te iatuku;
• hanganga āhuatanga o te pera: hypoplasia, tortuosity;
• paowa;
• mate huka;
• mōmonatanga.

Ko te tohu o te aroaro o whakatū papa

Kei te matau te reira e te iatuku kakī noa, i roto i nei kia kihai i whakaatu ano te whāiti me te tohu hanganga. Heoi, i reira he tohu e e taea te tākuta tātari ratou aroaro.

• mamae kaki;
• patua nui o ānini;
• mate o te mahara, kaihapai;
• matapo wā i roto i te kotahi ranei e rua kanohi;
• atarua i roto i mahi;
• awhiowhio wai;
• aroaro o te tinnitus motuhake (pupuhi ranei karanga);
• pāpāngia o waewae, me waewae;
• raruraru ka haere ana;
• rarerare kitea, lethargy;
• ngoikore ngaungau nekehanga;
• huri i te tae o te kanohi etine;
• haehae;
• moemoea, kuawa, waimaero mahara;
• kupu mate, me te ake.

Ko te ino äta o te roro, e pā ana ki te takahi o ona supply toto me te whakaeke ngakau (i roto i te take o oti arai o te oko) tino taea te huri i te ora i tetahi taime.

Maimoatanga o te kakī iatuku blockage

I mua i kawea te whakarite o te maimoatanga i roto i te rangahau e taea ki tatou whakatau i ngā āhuatanga o te mate, ki te whakatau i te wāhi tangohia o te iatuku pāngia:

• Pāorooro ki Doppler.
• Rheoencephalography (REG) - ki te whakarato i ngā mōhiohio i runga i te elasticity me reo o oko roro.
• Electroencephalography (Tirohia te) - ako o te kāwanatanga o nga mahi roro.
• atahanga te kōwarotanga autō (MRI) - homai he pikitia taipitopito o te kāwanatanga o te taonga roro, oko toto, me te pūnaha io.
• tomography computed (CT) karapa - X-hihi o te hanganga roro.

I muri i tātaritanga atu, i runga i te whānuitanga me te āhuatanga o te mate rānei, whakahau:

1. Whakauka. maimoatanga prophylactic o etahi taero (anticoagulants me thrombolytics) mō ngā marama ara tau ranei, me mana wā te tohu o te whakapai ake.
2. maimoatanga hāparapara / neurosurgical (ki thrombi maha, te ati o te thromboembolism):

• pā Novocaine.
• E whakamoho karo te wahi kua pōkia o te rere toto o te uaua kakī.
• Whakakapinga o te uhi oko pakaru.