Fafauraa Eastern - he ... malformations congenital. Valvular Heart mate

Congenital - he aha te mea tenei? Ko te whakahoki ki tenei pātai, ka ako koe i te tuhinga aroaro. I tua atu, ka korero ki matou ki a koutou te mea momo o kohakore te tīari, he aha ratou whakawhanake, me pera i runga i.

mōhiohio General i runga i hē whanau

Vice - he whanaketanga rerekē, me te kohinga o tetahi ine i te noa (paerewa) te hanganga o te tinana tangata e puta i roto i te whanaketanga fetal (iti iho e kulukia).

Tikanga, Kei te hanga e taua whakarerenga ketanga i raro i te mana o ngā āhuatanga o waho, me te ä-(hei tauira, disorders hormonal, whakapapa, mā'ulalo pūtau iroriki, mate viral, ionizing radiation, hāora kaimahi, me te pera i runga i.). Mai te hawhe tuarua o te rautau rua tekau, ka anga tohunga ki te kite i te whakaterenga nui o nga huringa pathological. Te nuinga hē whanau puta i roto i te iwi e noho ana i roto i nga whenua whakawhanakehia.

take pea

I roto i te 40-60% o te iwi e kore e mohio ki nga take o ine o raraunga. pā wā tūroro taua, e tangi rite "koha whanau tāmutumutu." E pā ana tēnei kīanga ki te takanga o take kōpeka unknown ranei, me te mōrea iti o anō-takanga o te whakatupuranga heke mai.

Hoki 20-25% o te hunga kohakore whanau e hanga e i te "maha-tauwehe" ai, e ko te ngā matatini o hē ira (te tikanga iti) ranei āhuatanga mōrearea o te taiao. 10-13% o kōhikohiko ana anake ki te rongo taiao. Na% 12-25 anake o hē e anake te whanaketanga iranga o te take.

Ko te kupu, whakaaro tatou i roto i atu taipitopito aha he malformations congenital etahi iwi.

teratogen

Ko te mahi o ēnei āhuatanga, tei runga i te inenga. kia pā rerekētanga pānga teratogenic i roto i ngā momo rerekē ki pūkoro kaha āhuatanga momi o te taonga ki te tomo i te ewe me te horapa noa i te tinana.

Ko te āhuatanga teratogenic tino rongonui, me te ako

Kei te tino maha kitea malformation i roto i te hunga e e ngohengohe ki te awe whai ake nei:

• mate hopuhopu e kua haere i te whaea ki te kukune. kia pai wāhi He momo o taua mate viral whakawhitia i roto i te whanautanga tamariki rite repe, kōpukupuku inklyuzionnaya ranei cytomegaly, ki te koha whanaketanga.
• Waipiro. O te faufaa ngā ko te waipiro o matua, kaua ranei, tona whaea. Inu waipiro i roto i hapūtanga taea ngāwari arahi ki syndrome waipiro fetal.
• Ionizing radiation. Mārakerake ki kanoirite iratuki, me te X-hihi kia whai i te pā tōraro i runga i te taputapu ira. Me mahara hoki käore te reira e te radiation (ionizing) me he pānga paitini. Ko tenei meka ko te take o te nuinga o kōhikohiko congenital.
• Rongoā. Ki te rā, i reira he kahore rongoā taua e e kua mohio kua haumaru rawa mo te kukune, tautautefito ki he lolotonga te trimesters tuatahi e rua o te hapūtanga.
• Nikotīni. Paowa metua vahine heke mai (i roto i hapūtanga) e taea rawa ngāwari arahi ki te meka e ka hinga te tamaiti i muri i roto i te whanaketanga ā-tinana.
• ngoikoretanga, Nutrientnye. Ko te kore o te maha o ngā matūkai (hei tauira, iodine, myo-inositol, folate me pera i runga i.) He he take mōrearea kï hoki te mate ngakau congenital me hē ngongo neural.

Whakaaroa tenei Pākatokato noa ko te piha koha ngakau i roto i te taipitopito nui.

hē ngakau

mate Heart Ko te huringa piha pathologic, kahore oko rei nui, taiepa ngakau, hua i roto i te toto fakahohaasi o kaupapa noa. Kei te tuhia te reira e taea te riro rānei taua ine ranei congenital.

Nuinga o ngā wā, nga kovi o mapuni ngakau puta tika ki nui ope whawhai ārai o te tinana tangata ki infiltrated ki reira microorganisms kino. Treatment o te ine moni ki whakakapi i te taiao, ko nga mapuni pakaru, hāparapara horihori.

A, no te whakawhanake koha

Tenei āhuatanga pathological (o tetahi momo) Kei te tino maha i hanga i roto i embryonic morphogenesis (arā, 3-10 wiki). Tenei meka Ko e tika ana ki te meka e i tenei wa, takahia nga tukanga o uri, pārōnaki, hekenga me te mate pūtau. Enei ari tupu i roto i interstitial inu, intracellular, mezhorgannom, wahopūtau, okana me te kiko taumata.

momo ngā o

Congenital - Ko te kāwai whānui, e ngā te āhuatanga tino rerekē i kōhikohiko tinana iti (hei tauira, kiore nui, birthmarks, etc ..) Ki maumaui nui o ngā pūnaha takitahi (hei tauira, hē piha ngakau o nga wahi, a na i runga i.). He hoki abnormalities huinga e pā rave rahi wahi o te tinana te wā kotahi. Hē i roto i te pākia whakaaro hoki congenital.

I roto i te mahi hauora, i reira e toru ngā momo taketake o kohakore whanau:

• hapa fakanatula o pākia;
• Pākatokato tinana congenital;
• atu hē ira.

auau o te tupu

Kua whakaaturia ngā o kōhikohiko congenital wā-roa e tetahi ranei te tahi atu malformation o te kukune puta i te tetahi auau, i runga i te takoto o te tamaiti rānei. Hei tauira, he nui ake noa i roto i te mau tamaroa mutu clavate me stenosis pyloric, me hip congenital raruraru - i roto i ngā kōtiro.

I roto i te hunga tamariki e whanau ki tetahi whatukuhu, me te ake māngai o te takoto kaha. Me mahara hoki käore te reira e te nuinga o enei kōhikohiko, rite maha i te taikaha o rara, niho, pekehoe me ētahi atu whēkau, kua kitea i roto i ngā kōtiro whanau hou.

Rārangi o malformations

I teie mahana, i reira e maha mea kohakore. Nuinga o ngā wā e kitea e ratou i roto i te rangahau o te whaea ultrasound. Ki te he nui nui he Pākatokato, whakaekea te wahine ki te whakamutu i te hapūtanga. Ko te tika tenei matua ki te meka e ka e whanau te tamaiti tona ora katoa i mōrearea, me ite iti iho (i runga i te momo o te pīari rānei).

Kia titiro a tahi he aha malformations te tīari:

• koha te pūtahi o;
• atresia o te jejunum ;
• agenesis o te pūkahukahu;
• acrania;
• agenesis tākihi më;
• anencephaly;
• raruraru congenital o te huha;
• agenesis tākihi unilateral;
• atresia esophageal;
• cloaca congenital;
• kirikōtea;
• Association VACTERL;
• aplasia o te pūkahukahu;
• ngao ngatata;
• atresia whero;
• mutu clavate;
• syndrome o Raro ;
• cretinism congenital;
• megacolon congenital;
• mate ngakau congenital;
• wairoro;
• whaturama;
• hypoplasia o te pūkahukahu;
• diverticulum esophageal;
• syndactyly;
• polysomes i te X-pūira;
• diverticulum o Meckel;
• Patau syndrome ;
• ngutu ngatata;
• polysolid;
• syndrome o Klinefelter;
• cryptorchidism;
• malformations o whekau fakasekisualé;
• clubfoot;
• Klippel-Feil syndrome;
• megacolon;
• cri du kōrerorero;
• microcephaly;
• syndrome o Turner;
• hypoplasia o nga wheua pūkaka me tibia;
• syndrome waipiro fetal;
• omphalocele;
• whaturama tuaiwi;
• fibrodisplations;
• stenosis pyloric;
• polydactyly;
• Edwards syndrome ;
• synophtalmia;
• exencephalocele;
• exstrophy o te tōngāmimi;
• epispadias;
• ectrodactyly.

Hei whakarāpopoto

Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, i reira e he rota rawa o kohakore whanau e puta i roto i te kukune i roto i te whanaketanga utero. Ki te karo i te takanga o taua abnormalities i roto i ngā mātua o rātou tamaiti i mua nei e te karo te rongo ki nga take whai wāhi ki to ratou mātauranga. Ko te kupu, whaea me matua heke mai, e tūtohu ana ki te hoatu ake inu waipiro mo te 6-9 marama i mua ki te hapu, a kahore ki te whakamahi i ratou i roto i hapūtanga (mō te wahine). I tua atu, kia whakatane koutou kai paipa, te karo i nga wahi te wahi i reira kia kia ionizing radiation, e kore e tangohia e raau taero, e kore whakaritea e te tākuta atu pinepine ki kia waho, ka tango i te huaora tika katoa me ngā kohuke.