Haurongo o Edgar Allan Poe, he mahi hōia, auaha

He tonu o āputa haurongo o Poe. kakau ana tēnei i te tau'a o tokomaha o hono to'utangatá, me te raruraru o te kaituhituhi. I roto i te meka, timata te kōrero o te pehe tōkeke ki te ora anake i roto i te rau tau XX, engari na te wa, he iti tonu te mōhiohio e pā ana ki tona ora. I teie mahana, Edgar Allan Poe ko tetahi o nga whika tino enigmatic. Mō te huru o tona matenga kua reira he rota o te nounou i roto i te 1849, ko te take tino o te mate o te rohi pehe, te nuinga pea, ka ake noho kāore. Heoi, e kore e tenei meka ārai mirioni o te iwi i tenei ra te oaoa i te tuhi, me te whiti o te kaituhi nui.

Ko te mate o ngā mātua, te whānau whāngai

tīmata kōrero o Poe January 19, 1809 i roto i Boston (USA). puta te kaituhi i mua nei i roto i te hapu o troubadours. Ki te mau metua i Edgar te whai wāhi ki te ora roa: mate tona whaea o te mate kohi, ka ko ia tau e rua anake tau, rānei ngaro tona papa, i mate i mua i taua ranei. Katahi te tamaiti, i me te nui, ko waimarie anake te wa i roto i tona ora - i tangohia e ia ki te mātauranga o tana wahine Alla. Francis, whaea whāngai, hinga i roto i te aroha ki te tamaiti, a tohe ana tana tahu, he taonga kaihokohoko Hoani, ki te tango ia ia. Ko ia e kore e hari e pā ana ki te ahua o Edgar, engari ngaro tana wahine, kihai i taea e te tangata e hoatu whanau ki tana tama ake.

pau tamarikitanga Edgar Allan Poe o roto Virginia. e kore e hiahia ana ia i tetahi mea: i kakahu ia i roto i te ahua hou, i roto i tona kainga ko te kuri, he hoiho ara he pononga ranei. timata whakangungu kaituhi i mua nei i roto i London B & B, te wahi 6 tau i hoatu ai ia. I roto i te US, ka hoki te tamaiti ki tona whānau no te patototanga a kotahi tekau ma tahi. I reira whakauru ia i roto i te kāreti i Richmond, a ka, i roto i te 1826 - i te University o Virginia, i whakatuwheratia i te tau mua.

Whakamutunga o te waimarie

Edgar hohoro whakawhenumi mōhiotanga o itoito i te tino rerekē, me te ngākau nui, te huru io, hoatu ki a ia he rota o te raruraru i muri. Ka rite ki ngā kaituhi mōhio āhuatanga whakamutunga ka tomu'a tona whawhai ki tona papa. He mōhiotia nga take tangohia: ahakoa titoa te kaituhi taitamariki te hainatanga o tona pāpā i runga i te pire, i riri ranei ia, no te mea o nama petipeti tangohia tama. Kotahi ara ranei tetahi, a i roto i 17 tau i runga i te toe kautia ka mahue te whare wānanga, i muri i ako hoki te uluaki anake.

hoki te tangata taitama ki Boston, i reira whai wāhi ai ia i roto i te whiti. Edgar Allan Poe rotarota, tuhituhia i te wa, faaoti ki te whakaputa i raro i te pseudonym "bostonets". Heoi, i taka tona mahere: e kore te te pukapuka whakaputaina, a ka rere i roto i moni kua mutu.

mahi hōia Poto

I roto i tenei āhuatanga, ka mau a Poe he whakatau ohorere. haina ia i raro i te ingoa riro. I roto i te ope i noho hoki e pā ana ki te tau. I whakatairangatia ana e ia ki te haihana meiha, i whakarārangitia rite tetahi o te pai, heoi kihai i taea e whakauaua atu i te taua ora ke pule'i e. Īhaka, i te timatanga o 1828 rapu te rohi pehe taitamariki te awhina o to'na metua hoovai tane. I muri i te taparuraa o tana wahine i tauturu noa i te mahi Edgar. Kōkā ki te whakawhetai te kaituhi kihai i whai wa: ka mate ia i runga i te mahana o tona taenga i Richmond. Heoi ngaro te rohi pehe tona tuarua pono aroha te wahine ki a ia.

Baltimore, Te Hau-ā-uru Point me te whakaputanga-maoro-hia

Oaoa mawehe ki te ope, ka haere Edgar i mo etahi wa i roto i Baltimore. I reira ka tutaki ia ki teina o tona papa, i tona whaea keke Maria Clemm, tona matua keke George Poe, tana tama Nelson. Te riroraa i roto i te here pūtea, noho te kaituhi ki tona keke, a muri hoki ki Richmond.

I roto i te noho i roto i Baltimore, ka maheni ki William Gwin, ētita o te nūpepa ā-rohe, a roto i taua mea ki a Hoani. Neal, he kaituhi i New York Edgar. Ka rite ki i hoatu e ratou a ratou rotarota. I muri i te fariiraa i arotake pai, faaoti Edgar ki ngana kotahi ano ki te whakaputa ia ratou. Kohia i raro i te taitara "Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane me ruri iti" i tukua i roto i te 1829, engari e kore e mohiotia whānuitia.

tohe metua hoovai tane i runga i tonu tama mātauranga whāngai, me i 1830, ka tomo te tangata taitama nga Military Academy i Te Hau-ā-uru Point. Ahakoa te mahinga o ia rā tino, kitea Poe wa ki te mahi auaha, me te whakangahau hoa piahi huahua Sapphire whiti o te ora i roto i te wänanga. I ia ki te mahi e rima nga tau, Heoi, rite te wa whakamutunga, i te timatanga rawa o te whakangungu mohio e kore ko te mahi hōia hoki a ia. tamata Edgar ki te tahuri ano ki te pāpā, engari wahia tetahi take ana mahere. Heoi, kihai i te rohi pehe ngaro: e mutu ki te ū ki te tikanga, i hanga e ia he okotahi i te wänanga i roto i te 1831.

Ka ngana ki te riro āhukahuka

he kau i runga i ngā taipitopito e pā ana ki tona ora i roto i te wā i 1831 ki te 1833 Haurongo o Edgar Allan Poe. Kei te mohiotia te reira e ora ia mo te wa i roto i Baltimore, Maria Clemm. I reira ka hinga ia i roto i te aroha ki a ia te tamahine, me tona whanaunga Virginia. ko tau 9 noa tau ka te kotiro. Mai te ngahuru o 1831 e pā ana ki te ora o ngā tetahi mea o te rohi pehe mohiotia te. Ētahi kairangahau whakapono tona koioranga e taea e ia te haere i runga i te tere i roto i Europa. I roto i te manakohia o tenei meka e autaki whakapumautia e maha whakaahuatanga taipitopito o te Ao Tahito, kitea i roto i nga api o te kaituhituhi. Heoi, e kore te mea atu taunakitanga o tenei ariā. Kua tuhia maha ngā kaituhi i rawa iti Poe i te pāpāho, me whakauaua taea utu ki te haere utu.

Heoi, whakaae kairangahau e nga tau e toru i aru te pana i Te Hau-ā-uru Point, i hua. Edgar Allan Poe, nei pukapuka kihai i i rongonui, tonu ia ki te mahi. I roto i te 1833 kawea ano e ia i te whakataetae o te wiki Baltimore Rāhoroi Visitor ono kōrero poto me te rotarota. i whakaaro rua te pai. Hoki te kōrero "kitea pukapuka tuatahi i roto i te pounamu" I i utu ki te taonga moni o $ 100 i roto i te rahi.

Haunga moni, ka Edgar etahi rongo, a me taua mea ki te fakaafe mahi i roto i makasini. timata ia te mahi ki te manuhiri Rāhoroi, a ka ki te anahera Literary Southern, whakaputaina i roto i Richmond. I roto i te kaituhi muri kua whakaputaina e ia i roto i 1835 te pūrākau "Morella" me "Berenice" me te iti i muri mai - "Te Adventures o Hans Pfallya".

nehenehe Virginia

I roto i te taua tau, Edgar Allan Poe, nei mahi i koa rongonui nui atu ake ake i mua, riro he fakaafe ki te riro i te ētita o te Southern Literary Messenger. Hoki te kōkuhutanga, ki te utu o $ 10 he marama i tika ki te neke ki Richmond. E ai ki whakaae engari i mua i mahue hiahia ki te marena tana Virginia aroha, ko wai i reira iti iho i te 13 tau. Girl o ataahua faahiahia kua roa mīharo te kaituhi. Ka taea te fifili nga wawetia hoki o tokomaha o ana mahi tona whakapakoko. whakaae te whaea o Virginia, a puku marenatia taitamariki, i muri i haere ki Richmond, ko tona aroha mo tetahi tau noho i roto i Baltimore. I roto i te 1836, hui mōhiohio.

Iti iho i te i te tau i muri i Edgar Allan Poe whawhai ki te kaiwhakaputa rihaina Southern Literary anahera rite ētita, me te ki oho Maria Clemm me Virginia ki New York.

New York ko Philadelphia

E rua nga tau, i ora ahau i roto i New York, i whakauru mo te kaituhi. Edgar Allan Poe, nei whiti, me te tuhi whakaputaina i roto i te mau api o te maha makasini o te pa, whiwhi ki te mahi he iti rawa. Kua whakaputaina e ia mahi pērā i "Ligeia" me "Arthur Gordon Pym," engari roaa te nuinga i roto i te aratohu mo te ana'iraa, i ko te putanga poroa o te ahorangi Kotimana o te mahi.

I te matahiti 1838 oho te whānau ki Pirarerepia. ka Edgar Magazine ētita o te Pūwhero mahi, te wahi whakaputaina e ia etahi o ana mahi. Tenei ngā "Hinga o te Escher Whare" me te timatanga o te oti "Notes Yuliya Rodmana."

Moemoeā me te Reality

Te mahi i roto i ngā pukapuka, i titiro Edgar Allan Poe mō te tahi mea atu. moe ia o tona makasini ake. Tata ki te ahua o nga whakaaro ka tae ia ki a Philadelphia. I whakaputaina fakahā o te hautaka hou i huaina Penn Magazine. Hei ite i te moe hapa te moka o - o te moni, engari tahuri te reira i roto i ki te waiho he tutukitanga tōnoa.

I roto i te 1841, kua apiti Magazine o te Pūwhero ake ki te afata - ko ha makasini hou a Graham Magazine, ko tona ētita ko te Edgar Allan Poe. Stories, ngā whiti me pakimaero, tuhituhi i mua i tata kawea tahi ia i roto i rua rōrahi ka whakaputaina nga mahi kohia o "grotesque me arabesque" i te mutunga o 1840. Ko te wā poto, ka whakaaro te reira e te pai haere nga mea katoa. Heoi, i roto i te Maehe 1842, ko ano Edgar i roto o te mahi. hinga Magazine, ka karangatia Magazine ētita o Pūwhero i Rupuha Wilmot Griswold. Ko te whakamutunga, kia rite ki te kotahi putanga, ko te take mō te mahue I hoatu e ia te reira oangé, kihai i rite Griswold.

I aru tenei e mahi i roto i te Whare Taonga o Rāhoroi me te whakaputanga o te maha tales patupaiarehe me kōrero mō nga patene noa. Te kore, pea, ko anake te "bug koura". tonoa Edgar ia i runga i te whakataetae tuhituhi. "Golden pītara" patua a kawea ona kaituhi $ 100. I muri i te kōrero i whakaputaina anōtia maha nga wa, e te pono, e kore e te whakatipu whiwhinga pütea ki te kaituhi, no te mea te ture mana pupuri i reira he mea mo te heke mai.

kino hou

He tonu o ngā pouri haurongo o Poe. Ka rite ki nga kairangahau mōhio tona ora, te take o tokomaha o ratou ko tona huru ngākau, hehema ki whārua me te waipiro. Heoi, tetahi o nga ati nui - te mate o Virginia - i reira ko kahore tetahi he o tona. I mate ki te kohi wahine a te rohipehe. Ko te tohu tuatahi o te mate nui, te toto korokoro, puta i roto i 1842. Ko te manawanui i runga i te mimiha o te mate, engari i muri ora ake etahi wa. Heoi, kohi, i patua te whaea o Edgar, kihai i hoatu e ake. Virginia i āta mate mo te maha o nga tau.

Hoki te pūnaha io iu, ko tenei kaituhi he pupuhi taimaha. tata mutu ia tuhituhi. Family ano kino i roto i te hiahia o te moni. I te tau 1844 ka hoki ratou ki a New York. Here, kua whakaputaina mahi hou i tuhituhia e Edgar Allan Poe. "Ko e Raven", te whiti tino rongonui o te rohi pehe, i whakaputaina i roto i te moheni Evening Mirror.

Ko te mutunga o te auaha

I teie mahana, Edgar Allan Poe ko tetahi o nga kaituhi American pai. whakatakotoria e ia te timatanga o te momo o "pakimaero pūtaiao", te kaituhi o te pukapuka ko te tauira tuatahi o te tekitiwhi pūngāwerewere. Ka rite ki te hua matua, kawea mai ia rongo me te āhukahuka, engari e kore e taonga, i "te Raven." Ko te ruri maitai tuku huru o te kaituhi ki te ora. Te tangata tukua anake te iti te, ki tonu i te mamae, me te mahi pakeke, me ana tumanako katoa i roto i te noa. Minamina tonu hero lyrical mo te aroha ngaro me ui te manu korero, ahakoa e kite ake ia ia ano. Ko te Edgar Allan Poe, "te Raven" mānukanuka i roto motuhake, me te ati e te hopu i te kaipānui rawa, ahakoa te kore tata oti o wahi tenei.

Hoki whakaputa ko kaituhi $ 10. Heoi, "te Raven" neke atu i te moni i kawea mai ki a ia. ka rongonui te rohi pehe, i karangatia e ia ki te kauwhau i nga pa ngā e rave rahi whakakaha tona tūnga pūtea. Hoki te tau pera tae noa roa hoki whakaputaina "ma" ropu te kohinga I roto i "Te Raven ko Ētahi Poems," whakaputaina he torutoru pūrākau hou, a ka karangatia ki te ētita Brodway Journal. Heoi, e kore e tukua ki reira huru irrepressible ia mo te wa roa ki te kake. I te tau 1845 ka hinga ia i ki atu kaiwhakaputa, ko anake te ētita, engari e tika ana ki te kore o moni i hohoro takoha ki te waiho tari.

tau tata nei

ka haere mai te whare hoki rawakore, a ki reira te matao, me te matekai. mate Virginia i roto i te tīmatanga o 1847. Kua tuhia maha ngā kaituhi e te mamae rohi pehe i runga i te mimiha o te haurangi. Hoki te ia, e kore ia i taea te mahi, no te mea o te pouri, me te waipiro, ka ora te whakawhetai anake ki te tiaki i te torutoru hoa pono. Ko ētahi wā ka huihuia e ahau te kaha me te tuhituhi. ite te wā te hanganga o taua mahi rite "Yulalyum", "pere", "Annabel Lee" me "Eureka." hinga ano a ano ia i roto i te aroha i mua i tata te mate i haere ki te marena. I roto i Richmond, te wahi kauhau kaituhi i runga i "Poetic Tefito'i", ana akoranga tuhituhi, tutaki Poe hoa tamarikitanga, Hara Elmira Royster. taurangi ia wahine marena hou ki te inu pakeke, me te whārua ko runga e. I mua i te marena i taea e anake noho take etahi i roto i Philadelphia ko New York.

Mystery o Edgar Allan Poe

Oketopa 3, i kitea 1849 Edgar Allan Poe i roto i te āhua o te hawhe-haurangi i runga i te pae i roto i Baltimore. I tangohia e ia ki te hōhipera i reira mate ai ia, kahore ngå mahara, i runga i te 7 o Oketopa. I runga i nga take o tona mate he tonu kahore whakaaro. E hehema ki te ui ki te pera-ka karanga kupinge maha kairangahau. kitea e matou i te rā pōti. Na i roto i Baltimore rampaged peia rōpū nga tangata ki te piringa ngaro. mäminga iwi waipiro taero ranei, a ka takoha e rave rahi mau taime ki te pōti mo te kaitono "tika". He he taunakitanga e Poe i roto i te kitea i haurangi, a kihai i matara atu i te pae kino-hū ko tetahi o enei tihokahoka. I te tahi atu te ringa, i rongonui i roto i Baltimore te kaituhi i te wa, me te ko reira kāore e whiriwhiri ia kia rite ki te patunga.

I roto i te take ka taea e huaina tenei ra he momo o mate, i te e suka me te roro pukupuku ki waipiro me te laudanum tuwhena rawa. Ko te take mō tenei whakama - te kore o ngā pūkete hauora me te haurongo tuatahi o Edgar Allan Poe, tuhituhia e Griswold, he hoariri o te kaituhituhi. whakanohoia e ia te rohi pehe haurangi, me te haurangi e kore ko, utu te whakawhirinaki, me te whakarongo. he wāhi pērā o te tirohanga ki te na predominated noa te mutunga o te rau tau XIX.

tuku iho auaha

Kotahi putanga kua reira e nga mate i whakaritea e te kaituhi rite te tohu whakaari whakamutunga ki te iwi whānui, apo hoki ngaro me te wehi. Pehe mātu'aki mōhio o te mea e hiahia ana ia i te kaipānui. ka mohio ia e Romanticism nui iho ki te rongonui o te mysticism, tickling nga raru, me te pupuri i runga i o ratou waewae. Edgar Allan Poe, nei kōrero ki tonu o takanga fantastic ko, whakairo ngā te whakaaro, me te arorau. riro ia te pionie o te momo o te tekitiwhi pūngāwerewere. wāhi nui i roto i nga mahi o te kaituhi e pakiwaitara pūtaiao. Books e Edgar Allan Poe whakanuia e te huinga o te whakaaro me te arorau. whakatakotoria e ia te iho fakamamahi i roto i tuhinga American, i waihanga nga parau tumu o te pakimaero pūtaiao, ka hoatu e te ao he kairapuhara pūngāwerewere.

I teie mahana, Edgar Allan Poe, ko te faaururaa mō iwi maha nei pukapuka, kua whakaaro te māngai o te intuitionism - ahunga taumauri e aro te tuatahi o pūmanawa i roto i te tukanga akoranga. Heoi, i mohio pai te kaituhi e te mahi - ko reira ano hoki te mahi pakeke. hanga e ia tona tauira rerehua, me te maha o nga mahi i runga i te ariā o te rotarota: "Te Philosophy Art o", "Nataniela Gotorna poto kōrero", "Poetic Tefito'i". Ko te "Eureka," faataa te kaituhi nga whakaaro taumauri me āhuatanga. whai Edgar Allan Poe o ki te whanaketanga o te tuhinga, tae atu e rave rahi momo tino o kaipānui hou, he tino taonga. He ako o tona koioranga hanga fifili koe e pā ana ki te whakarau, me te iku'anga. Ko wai e matau ana, e waihanga Poe rite te mea i nui ake pai ki a ia te ora?