He aha te mea te mana'o turai: te whanaketanga ariā o te ariā

Theory o hihiri whakawhanakehia e te kura rerekē o te whakaaro i runga i te wa roa o mua, a ka hanga e tenei ra he rota o huarahi pūtaiao ki te whakamārama o tenei āhuatanga. AN Leontiev, mo te tauira, i whakapono ai te tumu me te hihiri i roto i te hinengaro ko te poi katoa o te pānga pūtaiao, i raro i nei tūhura ngā take o ngā kaha, nga akiaki o ngā tukanga hinengaro e pā ana ki te matauranga, me te hinganga. No te mea te whakahoki ki te pātai, he aha te mea te tumu, rapua ia i roto i ona puna - mahi. huaina ana tēnei huarahi ko te pūtaiao hinengaro, te wahi mahara me te matauranga e pokapū.

Kua whakatakina Ētahi atu huarahi te hihiri rite te take o whanonga take me te tikanga. I roto i ngā, whakawhanakehia Atkinson te ariā, rite ki nei, i roto i te tua ki te tūturu matauranga-āhuatanga fakaue'iloto whakaaro rite te regulator o whanonga, e ko, atu tona faufaa, whakawhānui tata ki te ao katoa o te whanaunga pāpori.

I roto i te puka tino whānui o tohu taea te tikanga rite taumu'a kainga mahi he tangata o tetahi whanonga, mahi ranei ara te mahi i te tetahi āhua. Motivation, i roto i tenei horopaki, puta rite te tukanga hihiri e ngā arawhiti o whanonga tangata, whakatau i te ahunga o tenei whanonga, tona whakamāramatanga ratou me etahi atu, te whakahaere me te mahi, i.e. te tohu o te pūmautanga o te mahi kia rite ki te tauihu.

Kia matau ki ta te mana'o turai ko te tawhā pūtake o te āhuatanga o ngā hiahia tangata. Tenei i whakaatu tona kaha, auau, me te takanga o tohumate, tikanga me ara o te whakatinanatanga. Ko tētahi atu tumu nui rite te ariā riro te whāinga ako o te mahi a te tangata. Here whakakitea tona natura i roto i te meka e whakatau reira te hāngaitanga o te whāinga me te tohu o te mōhio. Ko te meka Ko e te hihiri o te whanonga e maha kite rite te mohio, me te mauri

Hei atu nahanaha ki te whakaaro he aha te tumu, he aha tikanga whāngai, ka hanga e i roto i te pūtaiao pūtaiao, he reira pai ki te whakaatu i te ihirangi o te ariā whakapumautia i roto i te hinengaro ki te whakaaro ki tenei take.

ariā whanaketanga o Darwin hoatu whanaketanga ki te ako o te natura hinengaro tangata tuatahi i te taumata o instincts. rapu Freud Makdaugoll, Pavlov me ētahi atu ki te whakamārama i tokomaha (ki te kore katoa) momo o mana whanonga tangata o instincts kowhatu, i kite nei rite te pūnaha whakahihiko nui. Next, nga whāititanga o taua maimoatanga arahina ki te ahua o te ariā whanonga (behavioristic).

Tenei au i roto i te hinengaro, riro te hoahoa tino pau i roto i te mahi o Watson, Hull, Skinner, i roto i nei tamata ratou ki te whakamārama i te tumu o rua whakatau te whanonga, tauwehe faaitoitoraa-urupare. He wāhi nui ki te whanaketanga o te hinengaro me te tohutohu tono, he aha te turai me aha he tona natula, hanga e Bernstein me Anokhin.

I roto i te hawhe tuarua o te rau tau whakamutunga i te parau haapiiraa o "hapori kiritaki ao" pai-mohiotia, tetahi o nga pūkenga o i ko William Maslow. Māngai o te kura pūtaiao tukinotia te tauihu rite te āhuatanga hihiri, te whakawhanake i roto i runga i te kukuwhatanga o te tangata hiahia. He kanohi ratou e whai ake enei. Whakaritenga E hanga e raupapa me haere tahi te ora katoa o te tangata. Ko o ratou akiaki e whai ake: tuatahi puta a te whakawhanake whaiaroaro (matekai, matewai, etc) Hiahia, a ka, raupapa, hiahia haumaru, no ka aroha, ki te faatura, mōhiotanga me ngā pūkenga (hinengaro), whaiaro wawata-(iteraa o ratou whāinga) . I roto i te whakarara ki tenei tukanga ko te whanaketanga o te ao whakahihiko o te tangata, e kia roa ai i roto i te pā ana ki te hiahia, engari ka taea e ka noho i mua o reira. Tenei dissonance au maite ranei whakaritea te mutunga me te whanonga tangata i roto i te hapori.