He aha te mea te MAT me pehea ki te kīa te whakarāpopototanga?

Moscow Art Theatre ingoa i muri i M. Gorky - tetahi o te whare matakitaki tino rongonui, ingoa, me te rongonui i roto i to tatou whenua. kaiwhakahaere toi Ko te attrice rongonui Tatiana Doronin.

MAT

He aha te mea MAT? Ko tēnei ko te kotahi o whare o te whakapaipai. i aroha katoa o whare tapere toi, o te akoranga, waia ki enei pukapuka rongoa. whakaturia MAT i roto i 1898. Ana takenga ko KS Stanislavsky ko V. Nemirovich-Danchenko. ke Theatre e rave rahi taime i tona ingoa. I te tuatahi i huaina ai Art me whakaari tūmatanui, i roto i 1901 riro te ingoa o te Moscow Art Theatre, a ka mohiotia rite te Moscow Art Theatre i 1919. Deciphering whakapotonga - Moscow Art Academic Theatre.

History o Theatre Birthday

Pipiri 19, 1897 i te wharekai "Slavic Bazaar" tū he hui KS Stanislavsky ko V. Nemirovich-Danchenko, i kōrero te take o te hanga i tētahi whare tapere auaha e e piri ki te mau parau tumu i te pūtake o i mahi i roto i Paris "Free Theatre" A. Antoine ko Berlin whakaari "Free Stage" e Brahma. Ko te tikanga tino hou o mahi, te wahi kua mea katoa ki te kia whai kiko tenei, kahore declamations pretentious me affectedness. Kei te mahara te reira i hoki ki te hanga whare tapere wātea, e ko, ki i iti nga utu titeti, me tetahi mema o te piha haapiiraa mahi i taea te tango ake te ataahua. I hanga Na tūmatanui Art Theatre (MAT).

I roto i 1901, i te kupu "tūmatanui" Kua nekehia atu i te ingoa no te mea i nga utu titeti ki kia whakaarahia, kihai te Duma ki te moni i te kaupapa, me te rauemi tiaki o reira riro nga tangata whai rawa. Kaiwhakahaere me te kaiwhakahaere ka VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, ko KS ngā Stanislavsky tūranga o te kaiwhakahaere ki te tūranga o tino kaiwhakahaere. Ko te kapa i ngā ākonga haina nei i ako mahi ki a Nemirovich-Danchenko, me kaiwhakaari kore-ngaio e takaro i roto i ngā o Stanislavsky.

Ko te hanga rawa tuatahi o te whare tapere ko te ati o te Tolositoi "Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich", i whakamatauria ki te kia phenomenally angitu, a hohoro hinga i roto i te aroha ki te whakarongo. I te mutunga o 1898 ka mau te reira wahi i te "koekoea" tuatahitia AP Chekhov, tū nei i muri ka rongonui. i hou, taketake, maia me te kanapa tenei iti Teatrika. Tae noa 1905, ngā te wāwāhi whakaari e kaituhi nei nga to'utangata o te whare matakitaki anake: AK Tolstoy, AP Chekhov, AM Kawa, H. Ibsen, a muri i piri ratou me mahi puāwaitanga. I roto i te 1906, i runga i tona haerenga tuatahi noa atu ka haere ki te kapa Moscow Art Theatre (i wetemuna tona ingoa kua homai e tatou i runga).

Te whare tapere

kihai puta mai whakarāpopototanga MAT i kotahi, i te tuatahi i ngaro ai i te reta "A" ka huaina te whare tapere i te Moscow Art Theatre. Tae noa 1902 kihai i whai hanga ratou te kapa, a ka i whakaaturia ngā whakaaturanga i roto i te ruma i utua ki te ruma mō te 815 tūru. Kia mau ki te huinga, kākahu, korerotia me te whakarite i ngā awheawhe ko kahore he wahi i reira, Na reira ko te hiahia ki te huri i te ruma. kihai i Funds mo te hanganga rite kore e MAT pūtea e te kāwanatanga, ka utua reti ki te rangatira whare. He ko ia i runga i te moni whiwhi i te utu i hoko tīkiti me i tauhou. Ko tētahi o te hunga e haumi i roto i te whare tapere, ko he Morozov rongonui, nei i muri tino ka mau i runga i te pūtea o te Moscow Art Theatre. nona ia e pā ana ki te riihi o te whare hou, tona whakahoutanga me te taputapu. I roto i te raumati o 1902, rite i hanga e toru nga marama i raro i te whare tapere whare Lianozov te wahi oho te kamupene i roto i te ngahuru o 1902. I roto i te whare hou i hangaia i te whare mo te 1,200 mataitai, rite rawa te scene i ki te tereina ki, a i raro i whakanohoia ana e ia toa te horo mo te whakapaipai. I hanga te pihi i retireti hei utu o maranga, ka nōti te tohu rongonui o te Moscow Art Theatre - he koekoea, e nou i runga ake i te ngaru.

te wā Soviet

Mai 1906 ka anga te whare matakitaki wero wa rite ki te hua o te tautohenga i waenganui i te Stanislavsky me Nemirovich-Danchenko. Ka rite ki te hua, kihai ratou ki tahi-ngā, ahakoa kahore i te āputa i roto i to ratou uniana auaha. I roto i 1919, te kapa, i haere i runga i tour puta noa nga pa porowini, i hatepea atu i Moscou no o te Pakanga Civil, a ka ka takoha ki te haere ki waho, a anake i roto i te tau 1921 i taea e ki te hoki mai ratou.

I te tau 1920 i piki te whare matakitaki ki te ana'iraa o mātauranga, a hei utu puta MAT MAT whakarāpopototanga.

1922 i tohua e te meka e wahi o te kapa o kaitapere, ahu e K. Stanislavsky, e rua nga tau i huri haere Europe, faaoti ki noho ki waho, e kore e hiahia ki te hoki ki te USSR. I roto i te 1923, i Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko te faaapîraa o te kapa, rite K. S. Stanislavsky whakapono e kua ngaro nga kaitapere te wairua, e kore e rapu ki te whakawhanake, rawa rauemi pukumahi, te pahua utu nui, me te kua meinga whaiaro-māia rawa. Kua maha kaiwhakaari whakakapia e hou, me te kuao, e ko te hiringa mo te whanaketanga o te Moscow Art Theatre.

tangohia te wāwāhi o te wahi matua i te taha o nga Playwrights tākaro o te wa, ahakoa ka mau ano mahi puāwaitanga wahi, a ki runga ki te pūtake o ratou mahi i auaha. Ko te mahi tino rongonui o te wā ko "ra o kapohau", "Armoured Train 14-69", "Day haurangi ranei te Marriage o Figaro." I roto i te 1930, ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko me KS tae Stanislavski te rohe, a ka i roto i te tau 1934 i mahue te Moscow Art Theatre Stanislavski.

I 1932 ko te whare tapere o te ingoa i hoatu Maksima Gorkogo, e te hunga i raro i te titauraa ki ngā i roto i te wāwāhi o ana mahi.

I muri i te matenga o VN rere Nemirovich-Danchenko Moscow Art Theatre te Toi Kaunihera.

I te 1950-1960 tau te whare tapere i roto i fifi, te kore o te kaiwhakahaere matua, kua arahina ki te meka i nga kaiwhakahaere ratou kaitapere, rite ki te hua o te nuinga o nga whakaari i Rangitahi, kihai i nui te whakarongo, hinga te rongonui, me i roto i te mauahara ngā kingi.

I roto i te 1970, ka whakaritea te kaunihera toi ki te pou o tino kaiwhakahaere O. Efremov, e whai manawa ora hou ki te whare matakitaki, tū te raupapa o ngā tino, te kapa whakahoutia. A, no te haere mai i te reira ki te rongonui te Moscow Art Theatre o. Ko te mea anake e kore i taea e ia hinga - ko te āhuatanga i roto i te rōpū, i te mutunga arahina ki te meka e reira ko he pakaru tira ki 2 puni, ia o nei i ona ake wāwāhi me tona kaiwhakahaere.

Moscow Art Theatre. AP Chekhov

I maoro piri i roto i i puta ke te hawhe te kapa ki e rua whakaari motuhake, me rite ki te hua i roto i Moscow i rua Moscow Art Theatre. i ia o ratou ona ake rangatira. He aha te te Moscow Art Theatre ingoa AP Chekhov? Tenei Ko tetahi o nga whare e rua, i hanga i te afa. Theatre ko AP arahina Chekhov e Oleg Efremov. I roto i te 2000, i muri i tona matenga, ka e ia te matenga o Oleg Tabakov, taata tei mau o te tari i teie mahana. Ngā mihi ki a ia, whakahoutia te wāwāhi, e hāngai ana nei i runga i nga mahi puāwaitanga he inaianei. Na whakahoutia e ia te kamupene. I teie mahana, i roto i nga kaitapere o te whare tapere i reira e taua ingoa rongonui rite K. Habensky, M. Porechenkov me te tini ke atu. I roto i te tau 2004, ko te ingoa o te whare tapere ngaro reta "A", e te tikanga "mātauranga", a inaianei huaina te mea te Moscow Art Theatre ingoa i muri i Chekhov. Ahakoa kore te te ingoa mōhiohio ke, kua puta ke ai anake i runga i te pānui. E tenei ra te tikanga (rite whakamaoritia) MAT? Ko te taua rite te aroaro o te whare tapere hinga - Moscow Art Academic Theatre. Kei roto i te motokā Chamberlain.

Theatre Doroninoj

He aha te mea te Moscow Art Theatre ingoa i muri i M. Gorky? Tenei whare tapere tuarua, i hanga i muri i te wahia i roto i 1987. haaati ia reira Tatiana Doronin. Kia pehea te tu te Moscow Art Theatre ingoa i muri i M. Gorky? Ko te tino māmā te whakahoki: te Moscow Art Pūmātauranga Theatre ingoa i muri i Maksima Gorkogo. Kei runga i Tverskoy Boulevard. MAT rere T. Doronina piri ki iho e kua whakawhanakehia i roto i te wā o Stanislavsky. I te atamira he mongamonga puāwaitanga ki faaho'ihia mai te arata'iraa i Nemirovich-Danchenko. Ko te taipe o te Moscow Art Theatre ingoa i muri i M. Gorky ko te karoro te kare o nga ngaru.

Kura-Studio

He aha te mea te Moscow Art Theatre School-Studio? Tenei whare o te mātauranga teitei, i te mea tuwhera i te Theatre ko AP Chekhov. Here te faaineine no te kaiwhakaari heke mai, kaiwhakahaere, me kaihanga. i tuwhera te kura studio i roto i 1943 i runga i te kaupapa o Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. 6 marama i muri i tona matenga, ko te kura i muri ia ia. Tenei whare tapere kolisí ko tetahi o te rongonui tino me rongonui i roto i te whenua, i reira he uaua rawa ki te mahi, no te mea o te whakataetae nui. Hei tauira, i roto i te tari mahi o te whakataetae, ko te pā ana ki 30 te iwi i roto i te wahi. I roto i te piahi o te Moscow Art Theatre School ingoa i muri i VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, he maha nui o kaiwhakaari rongonui: L. Bronevoy, E. Evstigneev, T. Doronin, O. Basilashvili, A. Filozov, Vladimir Vysotsky, N. Karachentsov, E. Proklova, he pōro, Mironov me etahi atu.

Ko te wāwāhi o te Moscow Art Theatre ingoa i muri i M. Gorky

Te whakarongo, i te iti rawa kotahi tae mai te Moscow Art Theatre, mo te nuinga o urupare wahi poroporoaki rawa ngākau nui. Ko te kupu, whakatangi nga kupu o faahiahia i roto i te wāhitau o te kaitapere, kaiwhakahaere, Decorators. I te whare tapere, he whakaari ngā, e rua puāwaitanga me te hou, i, i roto i te nuinga o te wā, he mea tino rongonui ki te iwi whānui. I roto i te wāwāhi i reira e ano ngā mahi mō ngā tamariki, e taea te titiro mai rite te utuafare.

I teie mahana, i roto i te whakaputanga ko tino rongonui:

• "Blue Bird";
• "Soldier Chocolate";
• "E te Kaiwhakaako ko Margarita";
• "Romeo and Juliet";
• "Tapere Russian";
• "Hamlet";
• "Vassa Zheleznov" me te tini ke atu.

I muri te pānui i tēnei tuhinga, kahore tetahi he kahore uiraa, rite nga turanga (rite iritihia) MAT.

kamupene

Ki te rā, te whare matakitaki he neke atu i te 60 kaiwhakaari. 18 o ratou i te taitara o "Artist kororia o Russia" me 13 - te taitara o "Artist o tangata o Russia".

Na puta i tenei ra ki a tatou MAT, deciphering acronyms e titiro rite "Moscow Art Academic Theatre."