He aha te mea te OSCE? Ko te hanganga o te misioni, me nga kaitirotiro OSCE

He aha te mea te OSCE? Ko te hītori o tenei whakahaere ko te. I roto i te 1973, i tū te hui ao ki te matapaki i te mahi ngātahi me te haumaru i roto i Europe (CSCE). ka mau ratou wahi 33 whenua. mutu te reira ki te hainatanga o te upoko i roto i Helsinki whenua me kāwanatanga mahi, kua meinga nei e te hōtaka o mahi mo te hanganga o nonga, manapori me te whai rawa i te Europe kotahi wā roa-. Organization he matua mo te Community Pākehā. He mana whānui ki te whakatau i ngā pakanga, te aroturuki tika tangata i roto i nga whenua takitahi, te mana o te haumaru te taiao.

Evolution o whakahaere

He aha te mea te OSCE? E ai ki nga whakaritenga Final Helsinki mo nga ahunga matua o ngā mahi o te whakahaere ngā nga take e whai ake e pā ana ki te haumarutanga Pākehā: mahi tahi i roto i te mara o te pūtaiao, ōhanga, hangarau, taiao, fakaetangatá me ētahi atu mara (tika tangata, ngā mōhiohio, te ahurea, te mātauranga). Ko te Misioni OSCE tenei. tohu nui o te tukanga Helsinki, ko te whakaminenga o nga ngä Röpü States i Belgrade (1977-1978 gg.), Madrid (1980-1983 gg.), Vienna (1986-1989 gg.).

Riro faufaa nui o te whakaminenga o te OSCE whai wāhi o Amerika i te taumata teitei i roto i Paris (1990 th), Helsinki (1992 th), Budapest (1994 th), Lisbon (1996 meneti) ko Istanbul (1999 th). Ka rite ki te hua o te institutionalization māmālie ka faaoti ki te hanga i te pou o Hekeretari-Tianara (1993rd) me te Kaunihera Permanent o te CSCE kua riro nga āhuatanga o te whakahaere ā-rohe te ao. I roto i runga ki te whakatau o te Budapest Summit i 1995, ke te CSCE tona ingoa ki te OSCE. Deciphering whakapotonga mo Haumarutanga me te mahi tahi i roto i Europe.

I roto i te 1996, i te hui Lisbon o nga upoko o nga whenua whai wāhi ko tangohia whakatau tino nui, me te tuhinga i. Tuatahi, kua te ariā i tautuhia haumarutanga Pākehā i roto i te rautau 21. Ko reira he kupu e pā ana ki te hiahia mo te whakanohonoho o te Europe hou kahore rohe, me te wehewehe i ngā rārangi. I roto i te meka, ko tenei tuhinga i te pūtake mo te hanganga o te Pākehā Union. Tuarua, kua reira kua whakahoutia CFE Tiriti (Tiriti i runga i tikanga Armed Forces).

He aha te mea te OSCE? I teie mahana, te mau melo o te whakahaere 56 whenua, tae atu Pākehā katoa, pou-Soviet, Kānata, te United States me Mongolia. Tenei taea te whakahaere ki te OSCE ki whakaoti maha ngā raruraru i roto i te ao. hipokina Ko tōna mana kōkiri te rārangi nui o ngā pātai o ao hōia-tōrangapū, taiao, ōhanga, me te pūtaiao. Ko te whāinga o te whakahaere e: counter-terrorism, mana ringa, taiao, me te haumaru ōhanga, te tiaki o te manapori me te tika tangata, me te tokomaha noa atu. Whenua no ki te OSCE i rite mana. E hanga whakatau i runga i te pūtake o te whakaaro. He ngā whare o te OSCE. He aha te mea te reira, ka mahi matou i raro.

whāinga

Te whakahaere matua hāngai ona mau tautooraa i runga i te ārai o ngā pakanga rohe me te whakataunga o tautohetohe me pōrearea, te whakakorenga o nga hopearaa o te whawhai, a na i runga i. N. nga tikanga matua o te pupuri haumaru me ngā rongoā ki te whakatutuki i te whāinga matua o te whakahaere e nga kāwai e toru o mea. Ko te rōpū tuatahi ngā:

• mana o te tini;
• mahi i runga i te hanga whakawhirinaki me te whakatairanga haumaru;
• mehua takawaenga ki te ārai i ngā pakanga.

Ko te kāwai tuarua ngā te haumarutanga i te mara o te ōhanga me te mātauranga rauropi. Ko te kāwai tuatoru ngā mea katoa e pā ana ki ngā tika tangata, haere noa o te hinengaro, me pera i runga i. Ko ratou:

• mahi tika tangata;
• aroturuki o pōtitanga i whenua rerekē;
• whakatairanga i te whanaketanga o ngā pūtahi manapori.

kia mohio ki te reira e e tohutohu, me te kore here whakatau a te OSCE. Heoi, he ratou o mahu'inga nui tōrangapū. Ko te kaimahi o te whakahaere, ko te 370 tangata i roto i ngā tūranga kaiārahi, me te ara 3.5 mano mahi i roto i te misioni parae.

tihi

ka karanga a Summit te hui o ngā māngai o te whenua whai wāhi i te taumata teitei. Ko māngai o te Forum ki te whai wāhitanga o Heads o State ko Kāwanatanga, puritia te nuinga o nga rua ki te tau e toru ki te matapaki i te āhuatanga i roto i te mara o te haumaru me te pūmautanga i roto i te rohe OSCE ratou, ki te tango i whakatau e tika ana, te whakatau i te ahunga matua o te mahi whakahaere i roto i te wā poto, me te roa opuaraa.

Ko te Kaunihera o Minita me te Kaunihera Permanent

Ko te Kaunihera o hui Minita e tae e nga Minita o Aorere o ngā mema States o te whakahaere. Ko ia te pokapū whakatau-kaupapa, me te tinana whakahaere o te OSCE. Ko te Kaunihera Permanent - ko te okana kaha, i roto i nei i te taumata o Permanent Māngai o te ngä Röpü States tū kōrero tōrangapū, whakatau i runga i ngā take katoa o ngā mahi o te OSCE nāianei. puritia nga roopu nei wātū PS katoa Rāpare i Vienna.

Ko te Runanga Pāremata

OSCE Organization kua tona Runanga Pāremata. E tū wā roopu nei e rua te tau ki te tautoko o te PA Uepu, kei roto i Copenhagen. OSCE Tiamana-i roto i te whakapā ki te PA i runga i te wā, e nga kaiuru e pā ana ki te mahi o te whakahaere. Kei te pōtitia PA Peresideni mo te wā o te tau kotahi.

Uepu

OSCE Uepu, nei mahi arahina e te Hekeretari Tianara, whakahaere te misioni me whakahaere pokapū tohatoha i roto i te Mema States, tavini te mahi o ētahi atu tinana whakahaere, te whakarite i te whakatinanatanga o te ngā hui, whai wāhi i roto i ngā take whakahaere, me te pūtea, kaupapa here kaimahi, te kawenga mō te takawaenga ki ngā whakahaere o te ao, press me te t. d. Uepu kei roto i Vienna (Ateria), me te tari hoki i roto i Prague, (Czech Republic). Ki te whakapai ake i te tōtika o te Uepu me ētahi atu whare i roto i nga rererangi ōhanga me te taiao mai i January 1998 te pou o Kairuruku o OSCE Economic me ao o te taiao.

Te Tiamana-i roto i

He aha te mea te OSCE? Ko te mata o te whakahaere, me te ahua tōrangapū nui te heamana o nāianei. Ko ia te kawenga mō te ruruku me te kōrero i runga i nāianei tōrangapū. I roto i tona mahi, āwhina te Tiamana e:

• Mua, me te mono ki te mahi tahi me ia i roto i te hōputu tokotoru.
• rōpū Motuhake, e ia e whakaturia ana ano.
• māngai Whaiaro, te hunga e hoki i whakaritea e te Tiamana, me te whakarato o te mana kōkiri motuhake, me te whakamāramatanga o te rārangi o ngā raruraru i roto i ngā wāhi rerekē o te mātau o te OSCE.

Office mō Institutions Democratic me Tika Tangata (ODIHR haapotohia)

Tenei hanganga whakahaere te pupuri o pōtitanga manapori i roto i te Mema States (tae atu i te unga o misioni kitea pōtitanga), me te whakarato āwhina mahi i roto i te whakatairanga o ngā pūtahi manapori me tika tangata, e whakakaha ana i te turanga o te iwi whānui me te tikanga o te ture. tari ODIHR i roto i Warsaw.

Te Komihana High i runga i taitini Motu (HCNM)

Tenei rangatira te kawenga mō te whakatūpato wawe o pakanga e whai wāhi mai ngā take tokoiti motu. HCNM Uepu i roto i te Hague.

māngai haere noa pāpāho

Ko te āwhina e pā ana ki te āhua rōpū me ā rātou herenga i roto i te mara o te pāpāho. Ko te tūranga o te māngai o te pāpāho he tino hira ki te whakarite i te mahi tika o te hapori manapori tuwhera, me te te kāwanatanga o kawenga takohanga ki ona tangata. OSCE, i hanga tenei faanahoraa i roto i te mutunga o 1997.

misioni OSCE

mahi Mission rite te ahua o "mara" o te hanganga OSCE. I roto i te Tonga Europe, he hakari i Albania Mission OSCE ki Pōngia me Herekowina, Makeronia, Croatia, Serbia, Kosovo (Serbia) ratou. I roto i te Eastern Europe Office i Minsk Misioni ki Moldova Project Kairuruku i Ukraine. I roto i te tonga Caucasus: misioni OSCE i Georgia, tari i roto i Yerevan ko Baku, te māngai o te Tiamana-Karabakh. I roto i te Central Asia: he misioni i roto i Tajikistan, te Center OSCE i Almaty, Ashgabat, Bishkek, Tashkent. Enei whare he mea nui i roto i nga mea o te ārai pakanga me te whakahaere mōrearea i roto i te mara. OSCE ngā kawe atu o ratou mahi i roto i te maha wahi wera me ngā rohe papā.

Forum Economic ko Taiao

Tenei hui ā-tau, tū i roto i te tikanga ki te hoatu whanaketanga ki te ōhanga o te ngä Röpü States. Ratou puta hoki hanga whakaaro i runga i mehua mahi e hāngai ana te whakatairanga i te mahi tahi ōhanga i waenganui i nga whenua e rua.

Ko te Forum mo Haumarutanga Co-mahi

te mauria tenei tinana i roto i tona mahi i runga i te pūtake tūturu i roto i Vienna. Kei a ia ko ngā māngai o te röpü o te OSCE whai wāhi States whai wāhi i roto i te kōrero o te take o te mana ringa, Aorere, whakawhirinaki-hanga, me te mehua haumaru.