HIMARS - maha pūnaha whakarewatanga tākirirangi (High Kawekawe Artillery Rocket Pūnaha): Āhuatanga

HIMARS - maha pūnaha whakarewatanga tākirirangi, ki nekeneke whakarei. Kei te hangaia te reira ki te patu i te wāhi kukū pū, ngā pūnaha rangi korero, taraka, wae tautoko, waka Armoured me ētahi atu taonga. HIMARS mahi tuarua o te pūnaha, ko te ki te tautoko i ona ope, me te tikanga ki te whakarite. Kia kite a he aha atu e taea whakamanamana o tenei pūnaha, e tohu te patu American hou!

TAKENGA o TE

Ko te take matua he aha e whakaaro te hōia US e pā ana ki te hanga i te matatini taua - te hiahia mō ngā patu wāhanga o te Marine Corps, Moana, me te whakautu tere launchers pūkoro, e taea te airlifted i roto i tata tetahi wahi.

I roto i te waenganui-80s te kamupene timata Loral Vought Systems ki te tūhura i te anga o te whanaketanga o ono-tupara TPK (waka, me te whakarewatanga ipu) ki te whakarewa 227 ërä me ona whakapuru i runga i aroturuki me te moana huriaro. Hōtaka ki te waihanga pūnaha puhipuhi nui-nekeneke whai hoki i te anga o te pūnaha rangi waka i te tikanga o te hōia C-130 rererangi. Operation Just Meinga, i tū i roto i te mutunga o 1989 i roto i Panama, tino mārama whakaatu te hiahia mō te whanaketanga HIMARS.

hoahoa

I roto i te raumati o te tau 1990 ka timata te Army US ki hanga fie ma'u mo ngā pūnaha urupare Kōmāmā i runga i taraka huriaro. ka mau Demonstration o te tauira taketake wahi i roto i Mahuru 1994. tomo te tau, me te patu hawhe US whakahau arahina ki te kirimana ki te kamupene Mana Fire ko Lockheed Martin missiles whakaminenga mīhini MLRS HIMARS. Ko taua te uara kirimana ki 22.3 piriona tāra.

I raro i te kirimana, kua kohia tohunga te kamupene o wha mīhini whakamātautau te whawhai. i homai E toru o ratou i runga i ki te kiritaki mō te whakamātautau tau-rua, i te tuawha noho ki te kaiwhakawhanake whakamātautau. I roto i te raumati 1998, pai whakahaere tohunga te Amerika a Ope whakamātautau pihinga ATACMS pere i runga i te pūtake o te mīhini tauira MLRS HIMARS.

whakamātautau tohu

whakamātautau Serious Pūnaha Kawekawe High Artillery Rocket (pūnaha ingoa tonu), haere i roto i te 2003. ngā ratou pupuhi taua anga: tākirirangi unguided M26, missiles MGM-140B me MGM-164A ATACMS matatini, me te ārahi pūnaha missiles MLRS. Ki tenei ra, kahore he kōrero pono i runga i ranei e taea te tahuhu kotahi uru te ngā calibers TPK. I roto i te Hānuere 2004, kua oti kaihanga kua tauira whakamātautau o te mīhini. Ka rite ki te hua, ka whakaurua mai e HIMARS - maha pūnaha whakarewatanga tākirirangi, e kua tika whawhai rauhanga me ngā āhuatanga whakahaere. I tetahi o nga mau tamataraa hōia nui taea ki te waihanga i te whare tapere o mua. ka mau ratou ki te tauira i runga i te pae whakamātautau mā te whakamahi i te rererangi waka C-130. Iti iho i te rima meneti i muri i wetekina ana e te motokā. Na ka mau ia ki te tūranga pupuhi, ka riro e te misioni hongere whawhai mamati. I whakaputaina e te hua i te pakunga o te whakangungu tākirirangi ono. Ko te tahi mahi / whakamātautau Māngai o MLRS, te Ope me Marines.

I roto i te raumati 2005, i timata pūnaha pere HIMARS ki mai ki mahi. Ko te hinonga tuatahi i roto i tona pūnaha HIMARS täoro ka 27 Field Artillery Regiment 18 Mahino Corps Amerika.

P44 tākirirangi

I roto i te 2000, kua whakawhanakehia te kamupene Lockheed Martin he tauira o te tākirirangi P44 i hangaia mō te whakapā pau ki neke ngā whāinga i te tawhiti, i roto i te hanganga o ngā pūnaha whawhai MLRS me HIMARS. Ki te rere hangaia he ipu 10 missiles farii. Ko te tauira i taea mahi ki te awhina o GPS, i te aratau o te arata'iraa inertial ngaahi houalotú, ki te whakangaro i ngā taumata pūmau, me ki upoko whāhoki mō te neke i ngā taumata. I roto i te take tuarua, rite rawa te pere i ki te parau tumu o te-whakaaro maha missiles JCM kotahi.

i te tauira, he upoko whāhoki mahi i roto i toru aratau:

1. hihiani Doppler. Mahi i te reira i roto i te awhe mirimita. Ka taea te whakamahi i te reira i roto i ngā āhuatanga huarere katoa. Patu i ngā taumata pokarekarenga.
2. Te matao o pōkākā. Tāutu ana me whakarōpū ngā taumata.
3. taiaho Semi-hohe. Blasts te ūnga ki te aronga atu.

I whiriwhiria e te tauira 177-mm rite te booster, e rerekē te utu iti me te taea o te whanaketanga atu. I roto i te hoahoa tauira e whakamahia ana i te wahi upoko rahi o te tākirirangi po auahi II upoko tāpiripiri wahi ranei, āhuatanga e he i te wae hanga. I roto i te heke mai kua whakaritea reira vozmonost hua i roto i te roa me te papatipu o te tākirirangi.

I roto i te Maehe 2007 i korerotia ai e i pai whakamatautau te pere i roto i te kauhanga hau, te wera pateko o te pūkaha tākirirangi, me whakamātautau rere i te tanú White Sands i New Mexico. He marama i muri mai, ka mohiotia ai e kore i iti angitu te wāhanga tuarua o te whakamātautau. I roto i te raupapa o ngā whakamātautau o whakamātautau tākirirangi tauira P44 ko HIMARS mīhini whawhai wāhi, hoki nei e hangaia enei tākirirangi.

ao hou, o mihini

I te mutunga o 2006, kua hainatia te kamupene Lockheed Martin ki te US Army 1.8 miriona kirimana ki te whakawhanake i tētahi matatau waka pailati whawhai. Ao hou, āwangawanga whakapai ake te nuinga haumaru mō te atekōkiri. E ai ki te kirimana, mahi i runga i ao hōu i ki te mutunga e kore i muri i te 30 Mahuru 2010. riro CAB patu atu, e tiaki ki matā, anga ha kongokonga me maina.

I roto i te Maehe 2008, ua faaite Lockheed Martin te tīmatanga-ake o te pairati arahina missiles wha, i whakamahia te pūnaha mana ahi te ao hou. I mua i haina koe i te kirimana mo te hanga-tauine iti tuatahi, i runga i te kamupene wheketere Texas ko Arkansas hanga i ono Momo mo te mau tamataraa US Army.

I roto i te waenganui-2008, i roto i te shooting ki launchers tākirirangi maha HIMARS tākirirangi GMLRS record i whakatakotoria tawhiti rere - 85 km. I roto i Noema o te tau e whai ake nei, i te kamupene Lockheed Martin mea e i nui haere te ahua i roto i te whakamātautau whakamutunga ki te 92 km. Mōhiohio i runga i te whakamahi o missiles arahina kore he whānui te wātea,. Ko hoki reira e kore mārama ranei riri salvo te mahi whakarewa missiles, i roto i nei ia o ratou te tāutu i tona ūnga, te whakamahi o taua missiles tikanga noa ranei, e kore pakunga pupuhi.

I roto i te Maehe 2009, i runga i te taua tapamaha White Sands, haere nga whakamātautau, i roto i nei whawhai pūnaha HIMARS whakarewahia mīhini 2 whakahaeretia missiles anti-rererangi, ka karanga SLARAAM. kawea te mahi i roto i ngā whakamātautau mahi o nga missiles whakahoutia me huapae whakaminenga mō ngā tākirirangi i roto i te ipu. waihanga muri i te waka, me te whakarewatanga ipu ATACMS missiles. A, no te rere koe anga anti-rererangi whakamahia pūnaha mana ahi HIMARS, pūmanawa nei e rave rahi oti. A, no te ka oti te pūnaha mana ahi, a ka ka whakaturia ake ipu kaipuke mo missiles SLAMRAAM, ka haere ratou ki te mahi. Kei te whakamahere Whakahaua o te US Armed Forces e i roto i te heke mai o nga mīhini pūnaha HIMARS ki mata-ki-rangi pere ki te whakamahi i roto i te pūnaha rangi korero tohaina whatunga-centric.

Te bapetizoraa o HIMARS ahi

pūnaha whakarewanga tākirirangi maha, e e whakaaro tatou i tenei ra, te whakahaere ki te haere i te iriiringa o te ahi i roto i "Operation Iraqi Freedom". ka mau Ko tōna whakamahi whawhai whakamutunga wahi i runga i Hui-tanguru 14, 2010. I roto i te mahi antiterrorist NATO i te pa Afghan o Marjah, hēhē 2 HIMARS pere pūnaha i te ūnga, me te patu i te whare harangotengote, patu 12 civilians.

opuaraa

I roto i te Hānuere 2011, i whakawhiwhia te kamupene Lockheed Martin he kirimana ki te hanga 44 HIMARS pūnaha, te tapeke utu o e moni ki raro i te tika $ 140 miriona. Ki runga ki te otinga o tenei tikanga, i roto i 2013, te maha o te whawhai rererangi i roto i te taviniraa ki te US Armed Forces, i 375. I te 2015, i nui haere te tokomaha ki te 480 kape. Mihini rawa ki launchers tākirirangi maha, tukua te US kore anake, engari te ope, me ona hoa - te United Arab Emirates, Singapore me Horano.

pūnaha Whakatakotoranga HIMARS

pūnaha maha whakarewatanga tākirirangi ngā:

1. Fighting waka tauira M142.
2. Transport me te utanga waka.
3. Missiles (arahina me unguided).
4. Founga o mana ahi.

mīhini

Fighting waka ko te putanga ake o te 5-ton taraka Stewart & Stevenson 6x6. Diesel, 6.6-rita, whakawhanake 6-rango Anuhe engine mīhini huri hiko 290 horsepower. Ko te tank wahie he rōrahi o 56 nga mehua o. Ina tauihi ana ngā Ko 480 km. mahi te pūkaha i roto i te taupiri ki te aunoa (kore koutou e whai i te mana'o ko reira aunoa) tōnā whitu awhe. Ko te whakatārewatanga he āhua unahi ki puna rau. Waka whakawātea he 564 mm. Ka taea e te taraka tupuhi arai wai ki te hohonu 900 mm o. Kei te waka o te iwi e toru: te taraiwa, hōia pū, me te rangatira. I roto i ngā āhuatanga tino, ka taea e te mahi rahurahu me te tangata kotahi.

mātauranga waka

Tu kaiarahi mōkihi kore mātauranga waka kua. Ka rite ki te aratohu tono paerewa pūnaha TPK MLRS tuku ki te mīhini. Ka taea e HIMARS Pūwhakarewa te ahi i tetahi o pūnaha missiles unguided MLRS arahina a, me te te tauira o te pere MGM-MGM-140 me 164 ATACMS matatini. A, no te whakakapia te whakarewatanga pere rauhanga whakamutunga, kopere waka me te whakarewatanga ipu e te i ako. Ka tohutohutia me taatiraa TPK e wahi i roto i te wheketere. e ata Paerewa TPK paku e hanga o muka karaihe, e kua herea ia whare herehere konumohe taranata atu atu i te rua me te korere 6. Hoki'oatu te tītere ka pupuhi i te tere hurihanga 10-12 rpm, roto te aratohu e helical Polozkov. whakarewahia pere Tactical te tika i te ipu tuku. I roto i taua pere TPK taea te rongoa hoki i te iti rawa 10 tau, te pupuri tona hihiko whawhai.

mana Recharging me te ahi

hangaia te tikanga mo te utu tiaki (TZM) te rite te retireti papatohu rawa wīra huri hiko. Ka taea e Tikanga whakahaere e rua i te kapa, me te roto i te papatohu mamao. Ko ngā tika te whakatinanatanga tuarua, mai te maramarama rerekē. Hei ako atu te WPK ki te PZM taata tei, whakanohoia te muri e i roto i te tūnga whakapae, ka atu tona ringa. Ki te ipu ara, ka whakaturia ki te wahi warou. eke te wīra huri te ki te pokapū o te mahara o te ipu.

Ko te pūnaha mana ahi, me te he kōwae hikohiko me te pūrere kōrero e whakamana i roto i te ara ano rite te pakeke BM MLRS. Heoi, ki te rā, whakawhanakehia reira he putanga hou o te motokā, te mana mamao kua pai ake nei atanga. Ko te kupu konei auraa te atanga whakahaere me huānga.

Transport me te utanga waka

Ka rite ki hoki waka me te utanga waka, ko reira he taraka ki te warou onboard, me te tauaru. Ka rite ki te mīhini whawhai, te mea he 6x6. kei ara a slewing warou te i roto i te muri o te taraka. Ki reira, maua e te operator overcharging ipu waka-whakarewatanga. hiahiatia tauaru ki te kawe TPK atu.

Ka taea te kawea mihini whawhai i roto i te rererangi waka C-130 "Hercules". I muri tangotango i reira, he ia i roto i te hihiko ki kaua e nui ake te 10 meneti tonu. Ko te tino pūkoro Rocket tikanga piha HIMARS, na te aho o te ohipa, ia hohoro rau te raina puhipuhi. Tēnei wā whakawhanakehia kē o te pūnaha tāutanga wahi puhipuhi HIMARS ki te tahuhu waka whakarerekētia e mau ana te āheinga o 7 taranata.

Ko tētahi atu moka o ngā āhuatanga:

1. āhuatanga Machine: roa - 6949, whanui - 2400, tiketike - 3180 mm.
2. Taumaha whawhai mīhini kahore anga: 13696 kg. Ki te anga - e pā ana ki 16,000 kg. Ko te tahuhu e ata 8273, me te kōwae ki te ipu - 2915 kg.
3. tere mōrahi cars whakatupato - 89 km / h. Te kore paura tere he nui atu i te 5 km / h.
4. Ko te ine mahora mōrahi e taea hinga i te mīhini - 60 nekehanga.
5. koki Whakapae o te ahi - 280 nekehanga.

analogues Russian

pū tākirirangi Mobile reira me i Russia. Kei te māngai reira e te hapu o MLRS "Āwhā". E rua ngā momo - "Grad" me "Smerch". Mehua pūnaha "Grad" ko 122 mm. Kei reira o te waka whawhai hou, te pūnaha mana aunoa me projectiles unguided. Ko te pera ki te korero, te putanga o muri o te "Āwhā" tenei.

MLRS "Smerch" Ko atu rite te pūnaha US HIMARS. rahi anga ko kua 300 mm, me ngā mōrahi - 130 km. "Twister" tīmata missiles unguided me correctable. I roto i te heke mai, ka taea ai hoki te taea ki te whakapiki ake i te whānuitanga rere i roto i te "Āwhā". MLRS "Smerch" Kei te hoki tito o te motokā hou ki te pūnaha arata'iraa aunoa.