History o Azerbaijan i nga wa onamata ki te hakari

Azerbaijan - he whenua i roto i te tonga-rawhiti o te Caucasus. He maha ngā kaupapa nui, me te ngā tupu i roto i enei whenua. A he tokomaha o ratou, ka taea e tatou te korero ki te kōrero. ka puta Azerbaijan i roto i te tirohanga o mua, te heheu mai i te mea ngaro o tona mua.

wāhi Azerbaijan

Ko te Republic o Azerbaijan kei te i roto i te rawhiti o te tonga Caucasus. Mai i te rohe ki te raki o Azerbaijan he whakapā ki te Russian Federation. I roto i te tonga o te rohe whenua ki Iran ki te hauauru - ki Armenia, i roto i te raki - ki Georgia. Mai i te rawhiti i te whenua i horoia e nga ngaru o te Moana o Kapiana.

Grounds Azerbaijan nui rite kanohi maunga me mania. Tenei meka whakatangihanga a te wāhi nui i roto i te whanaketanga o mua o te whenua.

wā i tahito ra

Tuatahi o te katoa ako e pā ana ki te wa tino tawhito, i roto i nei taea ki a tatou te titiro ki te kōrero. Kua Azerbaijan kua nohoia mai te ata o te taata nei. Ko te kupu, noho te pou tino tawhito o Neanderthal i te whenua rā hoki ki neke atu i te 1.5 miriona tau ki muri.

Ko te pae tino nui o te tangata onamata kitea i roto i Azikh me Tağlar Cave.

Azerbaijan tahito

Ko te āhua tuatahi, kei nei i runga i te rohe o Azerbaijan ko Mana. Kei tōna pokapū i roto i nga rohe o te hou Iranian Azerbaijan.

Ko te ingoa "Azerbaijan" Taketake i te Atropates ingoa - kawana, e anga ana ki te whakahaere tikanga i roto i Mana i muri i tona raupatu o Pahia. I roto i te kororia o ia ka karanga i te whenua katoa i Midia Atropatena e morphed muri ki te ingoa "Azerbaijan".

Ko tētahi o nga iwi tuatahi nei nohoia Azerbaijan, i mua. no tenei rōpū matawaka ki te whānau Nakh-Dagestani o reo, a ko rite ki hou tata Lezghins. I roto i ahau mano. BC kua puta Albanians ratou ake āhua. Rerekē Mana, i tū ai i runga i te raki o te whenua. E tonu kitea Caucasian Albania ki nga wawata konihi o tahito Roma, Byzantium, Patia ko Iran. Ētahi wa i runga i ngā wāhi nui o te whenua te whakahaere ki te whakapakari i te Armenian Kingi Tigran II.

Ko te c IV. n. e. rohe Albanian, i te wā tae noa na i te haapa'oraa rohe me Zoroastrianism, haere mai Karaitiana i Armenia.

Ko te raupatu Arab

I roto i te VII. n. e. puta he hui, i te whakatangihanga a te arataki i roto i te aamu o te rohe. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te raupatu Arab. I te tīmatanga, patua nga Arapi te kingitanga Iranian, i nei ko Albania he pononga, a ka rere te whakaeke i runga i Azerbaijan iho. I muri patua nga Arapi te whenua, kua hanga he a tawhio hou o tona hītori. Azerbaijan kua meinga nei ake ake te tühonohono ki Ihirama. timata Arapi, tae atu te hunga i roto i te Caliphate ki te kawe i roto i te kaupapa here pūnahanaha o Islamization o te rohe, me te hohoro te whakatutuki o ratou whāinga. pa Southern o Azerbaijan te nuinga Nōna ka Islamization, a ka huri te karakia hou ki te whenua, me te ki te raki o te whenua.

Otiia e kore e pera ngāwari ki te korukoru ki te whakahaere Arab i roto i te tonga-rawhiti o te Caucasus. timata te 816 tau Azerbaijan he whakatikanga ake whakahaua ki Arapi ko Ihirama. Arahina tenei kaupapa rongonui Babak, e piri ki te karakia Zoroastrian onamata. Ko te tautoko matua o te whakatikanga ake i kaimahi me peasants. Hoki neke atu i te rua tekau tau, te iwi arahina e Babak whawhai ki nga mana Arab. ara whakahaere nga hunga tutu ki te pei i te hoia Arab i te rohe o Azerbaijan. Hei te pehi i te tutu, i te Caliphate ki te whakakotahi ratou ope.

State Shirvanshahs

Ahakoa te meka i mongamonga te whakatikanga ake i, whakawarea te Caliphate ki ia tau e haere. Ia kore i te kaha, rite i mua, ki te whakahaere wāhanga ngā o te kingitanga nui.

Kawana wahi raki o Azerbaijan (Shirvan), mai 861 tau, ka mohiotia rite Shirvanshahs me te tuku i to ratou kaha i roto i tupu. Kīia ai kaimahi ki te caliph, engari i roto i te meka nga rangatira tino motuhake. Neke atu i te wa, ngaro noa te fakafalala iti.

Shirvanshakhs ko whakapaipai tuatahi Shamakhi, Baku me ka. Roa te āhua tae noa ki 1538, ka i whakaurua ai ki te āhua Persian Safavid.

I te wa ano i roto i te tonga o te whenua i reira i āhua Sajids tētahi ngā, Salaris, Shaddadis, Ravvadids, e te hunga hoki e kore e ranei mohio ki te mana o te Caliphate i te katoa, i reira ōkawa anake ranei.

Turkization Azerbaijan

No iti nui ki te kōrero atu i te Islamization o te rohe meinga e te raupatu Arab, ko reira Turkization tika ki te whakaekenga o ngā iwi Turkic hikihiki. Otiia, i roto i te rerekē ki te tukanga Islamization totoro hoki e rave rahi mau tenetere. A haapapu i te faufaa o tenei hui he maha o ngā āhuatanga e tohu i te reo Azerbaijan hou, me te ahurea o te taupori hou o te whenua kua te takenga mai Turkic.

Ko te ngaru tuatahi o te whakaekenga Turkish ko te whakaekenga o nga iwi o Seljuk Oguz i Central Asia, i tangohia e wahi i roto i te rau tau XI. I haere tahi te reira na roto i te whakangaromanga nui, me te whakangaromanga o te taupori rohe. He maha noho o Azerbaijan ki mawhiti, rere ki te maunga. Na reira, ko reira te rohe maunga o te whenua i tukua e te Turkization iti. Here ko te karakia tino Karaitiana, me te iwi o Azerbaijan kua konatunatua ki te hunga e noho ana i roto i te maunga rohe i Ararata ake. I te wa ano, toe i roto i o ratou wahi, i konatunatua te taupori ki te wikitoria Turkic ka mau i runga i to ratou reo, me te ahurea, engari i te wa ano tiaki me te ahurea tuku iho o ratou matua. Hua i tenei Mixing o rōpū matawaka ka mohiotia rite te Azeris i te heke mai.

I muri i te parariraa o te kāwanatanga kotahi o te Seljuks i te rohe o te Tonga Azerbaijan kingi a Ildegezidov o te take mai Turkish, a ka mau pu hoki poto enei whenua Khwarizmshahs.

I roto i te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau XIII, i waiho i raro i te Caucasus ki te whakaekenga Mongol. whakaurua Azerbaijan i roto i te āhua Hulaguid Mongol whare fakatefito i roto i Iran reira-ra.

I muri i te hinganga o te whare i roto i 1355 Hulaguid, Azerbaijan mo te wa poto ko te wahi o te kāwanatanga o Tamerlane, a ka riro tetahi wahi o te hinonga tūmatanui iwi Oguz Kara Koyunlu me Ak Koyunlu. Ko reira i roto i tenei wā ko te hanganga whakamutunga o te iwi Azerbaijani.

Azerbaijan Ko te wahi o Iran

I muri i te hinganga o te kāwanatanga Ak Koyunlu, i 1501, i runga i te rohe o Iran me te tonga Azerbaijan i hanga te kāwanatanga Safavid kaha ki te pokapū i roto i mua. I muri mai i whakawhitia te whakapaipai ki te pa Iranian o Qazvin me Isfahan.

āhua Safavid roaa te mau huru katoa o tenei kingitanga. Ngā aroraa pakeke pakanga Safavids ki te hauauru ki te kaha tipu o te Ottoman Empire, tae atu i roto i te Caucasus.

I roto i te 1538, te whakahaere nga Safavids ki te wikitoria i te āhua o Shirvanshahs. Ko te kupu, i raro i to ratou mana i reira te rohe katoa o Azerbaijan hou. Kua tonu Iran mana i runga i te whenua, me te i roto i te dynasties e whai ake nei - Hotak, Afsharid whare me Zand. I roto i te 1795, Qajar whare o Iran kingi takenga Turkic.

Ahakoa Azerbaijan Kua kua wehea ki maha khanates iti, i nga kaimahi ki te kāwanatanga Iranian pokapū.

Ko te raupatu o Azerbaijan i te Empire Russian

Ko te ngana tuatahi ki te whakatū i te mana Russian i runga i nga whenua o Azerbaijan i hanga i raro i Pita I. Otiia kihai ia nui angitu kua i te whakatairanga o te Russian Empire i te Caucasus.

ke tino te āhuatanga i roto i te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau XIX. I roto i te akoranga o rua pakanga Russian-Persian, i roa i 1804 ki te 1828, apitiria te Russian Empire i tata te rohe katoa o Azerbaijan hou.

Ko reira tetahi o nga ngā koki, e he î hītori. Azerbaijan mai ka kua he roa te wa e pā ana ki Russia. Ko te noho rangitahi i roto i te Russian Empire ko te timatanga o te hanga hinu i roto i Azerbaijan me te whanaketanga o te ahumahi.

Azerbaijan i roto i te USSR

I muri i te Oketopa Revolution, i reira kua te hinaaro turai i roto i ngā rohe rerekē o te Empire Russian mua. I roto i te Mei 1918, i whakapumautia te motuhake Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. Otiia kihai i taea e te kāwanatanga taitamariki ora i roto i te pakanga ki te mua, tae atu e tika ana ki ngā whakahēnga ā. I te tau 1920 ka whakakorea te reira.

whakapumautia mua ko Azerbaijan SSR. Tuatahi ko reira wahi o te Transcaucasian Federation, engari i roto i te tau 1936 ka te hinonga hoa tino i roto i te USSR. te pa o Baku te whakapaipai o te kāwanatanga o mātauranga ko. I roto i tenei wā, te whanaketanga tino me era atu pa o Azerbaijan.

Otiia i roto i te 1991, ka mau te tiango o te Soviet Union wahi. I roto i te hononga ki tenei hui mutu te Azerbaijan SSR ki te tīariari.

Azerbaijan hou

ka mohiotia āhua Independent rite te Republic o Azerbaijan. Ko te peresideni tuatahi o Azerbaijan - Ayaz Mutalibov, te hēkeretari tuatahi mua mua o te Komiti Republican o te Pāti Communist. I muri ia ia, tētahi noho te tūranga o te matenga o te kāwanatanga Abulfaz Elchibey me Heydar Aliyev. I tēnei wā, ko te peresideni o Azerbaijan - tama a te whakamutunga, Ilham Aliyev. riro ia te tūranga i roto i te 2003.

Ko te raruraru tino whakapeka i roto i hou Azerbaijan - ko Karabakh pakanga, i timata rite wawe rite te mutunga o te Soviet Union. I roto i te akoranga o te riri toto i waenganui i nga hōia a te kāwanatanga o Azerbaijan me nga tangata o Karabakh, ki te tautoko a Armenia, te Republic mōhiotia o Artsakh i hanga e. whakaaro Azerbaijan te rohe o to ratou ake, na kei te tonu te pakanga whakahoutia.

Heoi, e kore e taea e kore ki te mōhio i te angitu o Azerbaijan i roto i te āhua motuhake te hanga. Ki te i roto i te heke mai ka kia whakawhanakehia enei moni, te te pai o te whenua ka waiho te hua tūturu o te mau tautooraa noa o te kāwanatanga me te iwi.