Katoa-Russia Institute o Horticulture: āhuatanga, ngā whakamārama me ngā arotakenga

He tonu o huringa ora, ake. Ko e tika ana ki te mahi o pūtaiao me kairangahau tenei. Hei tauira, i roto i te mara o te māra whakatinana kaupapa i roto i te ora o te tupuranga Russian me Hangarau Institute o Horticulture me Nursery. He aha te mea tenei whakahaere? He reira hanganga rite i roto i to tatou whenua? Ko te whakautu ki ēnei pātai i tatou ki te kitea.

History o te whakahaere

Institute o Horticulture whakahaerehia inaianei i roto i Moscow. ka anga Ko tōna hītori roto i 1930 ki te whakatuwheratanga o te hua, me te kākano he teihana whakamātau motuhake. whakatika te reira i roto i te hononga ki te huringa tango wahi i roto i te ahuwhenua - kua tīmata ki te whakawhanake i ahuone, ka anga ki te takoto i te kari nui i roto i te pāmu kāwanatanga me ngā. Ko reira tika ki te whakahou i te ngā tikanga ahuwhenua kākano me ngā tipu hua, me te te Whārangi o ngā tipu.

vai teihana hua-kiko ite noa 1960. Na ka ka puta ke ai ki te Institute o Horticulture whitiki nonchernozem Scientific-Research. I mua fehangahangai whakahaere ki te mahi - ki te whakaoti rapanga ahuone rohe nonchernozem kei 6 lepupilika motuhake, me te 23 RSFSR. I roto i te 1992, i homai te whare tona ingoa reira.

Ko tēnei wā te Institute

Katoa-Russia Tīpakonga-Hangarau Institute tenei ra - ko te institution rangahau pekanga. Ko reira whakakake o ona mahi mua. Kua hoki nga tau o te oraraa kua whakawhanakehia reira he maha nui o ngā kohinga o hua me te kākano momo. muia hoki ngā momo i maia me te tiketike-whai, whakawhanakehia mehua ki te tiaki i kai i pests, he tikanga motuhake.

e kore e haere ngā whakatutukitanga tupuranga Hangarau Institute o Horticulture ki te mutu. I mua i hoatu e ia he rota o ngā take:

• whakahaere rangahau;
• te hanga i tētahi hanga pūtaiao, me te hangarau i runga i nga whakahau o ngā kamupene me ngā pokapū kāwanatanga;
• whakarato takitahi me hinonga ture kōrero, ngā ratonga pūtaiao, me te hangarau.

mahi Scientific me te ao

Katoa-Russia Institute o Horticulture maua e i ngā mahi rangahau i roto i ngā mara:

• i roto i te mara o te hangarau koiora;
• ako o wheori;
• matūora;
• ako o te oneone, me te whakamahi o maniua;
• whaiaroaro;
• Iranga me te whanaketanga o ngā momo hou;
• puna ira o ngā tipu me ngā rauemi koiora;
• māra tikanga hua pūnaha;
• hanga i te toi;
• Nursery.

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā hua whai hua i roto i to ratou mahi cooperates whakahaere Russian ki pūtahi mātauranga ke. ngā Institute pāhekoheko pērā i te tïmatanga. Ko te hītori o te whare fakapapau'i e kua mahi ngātahi te reira ki Poland, Bulgaria, France, Italy, me te tahi atu whenua. i whakangungua kaimahi noa atu, whai wāhi i roto i Congresses ao. I teie mahana te mahi ngātahi te Institute ki Moldova, Peraruhia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan. Fakataha ki pūtahi ke maua e te reira i roto i te rangahau tahi, te faaineine tānga.

mahi mātauranga

Mai 1962, whai wāhi te Institute o Horticulture te i roto i ngā mahi mātauranga. Ko reira ka akoranga pou-paetahi i roto i runga i te tuhinga, i whakaputaina e te Tāhuhu o te motuhake tuarua, me te mātauranga teitei. He wātea te ako Paerua inaianei i te'inisititiutí. patua ana Urunga te kotahi anake aronga o whakangungu - "ahuwhenua". I reira i reira he hōtaka e wha ki te whiriwhiri i, e pā ana ki:

• tīpakonga me te purapura hua;
• viticulture, whakatipu hua;
• tiaki o kai;
• ahuwhenua whānui, hua.

Institute o Horticulture i ngā whai wāhitanga pai mō ngā ākonga paetahi. He he whare pukapuka rangahau. kanohi te reira i te nui nui o ratou ake rauemi mōhiohio. hoki tuku te whare pukapuka kaiwhakamahi Ipurangi. iriti i te reira i te uru ki pātengi ke, te Central Agricultural Library, te pūnaha o te mōhiohio pūtaiao, me te hangarau AIC to tatou whenua.

Ngohe i te parae o arotake hokohoko, me te utu

Tipu, hua hou, hua me huawhenua - katoa o tenei whare e hiahia ana ki te hoko i etahi ngā, whakatuwheratia i roto i Moscow. Hei tauira, tetahi o nga whare arumoni kei i runga i te huarahi Zagorevskoy 4. Here kiritaki taea oaoa i hua hou me hua. I te wāhitau ano i reira he tetahi atu wāhi o ngā pūtahi e pā ana-hokohoko. opua nei te reira i ngā rauemi whakatō - tipu o te hua, tipu kākano, tipu whakapaipai.

Utu o tipu Institute rākau, rite kitea e te whakautu e rerekē. Hei tauira:

• hanga tīwae aporo momo pērā i te "whakamanamana", "whakapakoko", "Ostankino", "Peresideni", te ipu he utu 700 moni ki te whenua (te tau o te tipu - 1 tau, teitei - i 0.8 ki te 1 m);
• he huero, engari ki te pūnaha pakiaka tuwhera, utu e pā ana ki 500-600 moni;
• i roto i te ahurea puawai rite wā-roa aster, nga awhe utu i 200 ki te 250 moni (whanau-pakiaka);
• peony herbaceous i te tau o te 3 ranei 4 tau whanau-pakiaka ko i 1500 ki te 2000 moni.

He whare rite

e kore ko te whakaaro Institute te tetahi anake i roto i te whenua. I roto i Russia, i reira e tonu atu whakahaere ōrite. Ko tētahi o ratou - te Te Tai Tokerau-Caucasian zonal Research Institute o Horticulture me Viticulture. vai te reira mai te tau 1931 me te kei i roto i Krasnodar.

Tenei whare, kia rite ki te Russian Institute, mahi i roto i te rangahau me te mahi mātauranga. He ia he tokomaha whakatutukitanga:

• whakaratohia te reira i te tikanga o te tātaritanga wawe, me te rapunga o te predisposition ki aporo hua poka kawa i roto i te rokiroki;
• whakawhanakehia te reira i te tikanga o te hanga o te turanga ma tepu waina;
• whakawhanakehia te reira i te tikanga mō te tipu aporo nga rakau i runga i te aukati slaboroslyh me pera i runga i. d.

ngā mahi Mātauranga i roto i te Institute o Viticulture me Horticulture

Research Institute, mahi i roto i Krasnodar i te ahuone me te viticulture, i roto i te hiahia o te taitamariki, me te pūmanawa pūtaiao. Ko te aha whakatuwheratia e ia te kura puta. I he reira e toru ngā wāhanga o te whakangungu, e rave rahi pūkete:

• "Ahuwhenua" ( "tiaki tipu", "viticulture, ahuone," "purapura, me te whai hua ki te x-tipu".);
• "Economy";
• "Hangarau koiora Industrial me mātauranga rauropi."

I roto i te mutunga, ko reira ia tapao e hanga nga pūtaiao o pūtahi rangahau e rua he wāhi nui ki te whanaketanga o te rāngai o ahuone, viticulture. kawe ratou i te whanaketanga, te kawe i ngā rangahau pūtaiao, te whakauru o ratou hua i roto i te mahi ahumahi. Ko te wāhi nui takaro e pūtahi i roto i rua akoranga pou-paetahi. faaineine te reira i ngaio e i roto i te heke mai ka waiho ki te whakahura i ngā āhuatanga hou, me te ki te whakatutuki i tiketike i te iti rawa nui i roto i te pūtaiao.