Ko te mara hinu matamua i roto i Russia me opuaraa o hou

Ko te tūranga o te hinu i roto i te ōhanga, me tōrangapū ka te rangatira i roto i te rau tau XX, rite tupu kohi o ona pärönaki. Ko te whanaketanga me te whakamahi nui o engines parariraa ā-tino nui haere kohi o te hinu wahie, karahīni, penehīni me solyarovogo wahie, me te whakamahi o hautau o "hinu" rite te feedstock matū mo te hanga o kirihou ki 50s hanga he āhuatanga i roto i e kore e taea e te whenua ahumahi whakahaere kahore waiwaro.

Ia mara hinu i roto i te Russia he hītori e hora hoki ētahi wā noa e rua ranei e toru tekau tau, a ētahi wā senituli whanganga. DI Mendeleyev, kite wawe i te wahi nui o te ahumahi matū, i roto i te rau tau XIX tetahi atu fakapalōfitá whakaritea tahu tenei rauemi raw tino i roto i te oumu ki te ngana ki te whakamahana ake i te mura tahu monipuka. waiwaro uara ārai whakahuatia e kore kupu whakarite iti ngangahau - ". te toto o te whawhai"

Ko te mara hinu matamua i roto i Russia kei roto i te Te Tai Tokerau Caucasus, kua keri konei hoki i runga i te hawhe rau. Nā ki te taua mahi wā roa-whakawhanakehia kino ngā papa, ka hanga e waenganui i nga paparanga whenua hohonu o te feāvaaki e ki tonu i te wai. Otiia, Rostov rohe, Dagestan, Te Tai Tokerau Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Ingushetia ko Chechnya, me te rohe Stavropol me Krasnodar e whai wāhi ki te pukapuka o waiwaro.

Whakatere o te whanaketanga ahumahi e tangohia e wahi i te timatanga o te rau tau XX arahina ki tūkino hanga i roto i te rohe Täingäwai-Ural. Tenei mara hinu i roto i Russia ko te tino ako, engari kia rite ki Caucasian, kua whakahaeretia reira mo te wa roa. Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, he nui Samara rohe me ētahi atu rohe Pākehā, ahakoa te pukapuka iti o tangohia rauemi mata. Ratou uara - i te tūnga matawhenua watea i e meinga he iti utu transportation me te kounga teitei, ihirangi whanariki iti whakaritea me paraffins.

Early 60-doma o XX rau, tuhia te whanaketanga tere o rauemi i roto i te Western Siberia. Nizhnevartovsk, Surgut, Kholmogorskoye, UST-Balik hei matua pokapū o te hanga o waiwaro.

Ko te kupu, 90% o te hanga pūwaro pūkete mo nga mara hinu nui i roto i Russia, e te hunga i roto i Western Siberia (67%) me te rohe Täingäwai-Ural (25%).

Te fafau papa hei inaianei Kara rohe Barents, Kapiana ko Okhotsk, me te rohe poara. hanga ahurei taku hopu "hinu taimaha" te i raro i te Usinsk, te wahi te Timan-Pechora mara.

hinu Russian he rota, i roto i tona production, to matou whenua noho te wahi tuaono i roto i te ao. Heoi, ko te meka e i roto i nga tau tata nei kawea te mahi arowhenua i roto i roto i ngā wāhi uaua, me te mamao te wahi he raruraru keri e tika ana ki ngā āhuatanga huarere kino, me te waka i muri titau te hanga o pipelines roa, ka mea kia kia tūmanakohia te hua nui.

hokohoko te fafau ngā nga whenua o Tonga Ahia, kua kite te wahi i te tekau tau tata te hua nui i roto i te hanga ahumahi. kawea Construction o te paipa kei te roto i te ahunga o te Kiwa, ka hono ai Haina me te hinu Te Tai Rāwhiti Siberian mara i roto i Russia. pera Mahere pūwaro hoko atu branched. totoro ratou i roto i te rawhiti me te hauauru, engari kua hokona i te reira hinu te nuinga masivesivá. Processing kua whakamana reira ki waho me hua i ahumahi hangarau mātanga e takoto i roto i ngā pūkete ke o corporations ahumahi. He aha ki te mahi?

kotahi anake te ara i roto i: ki te whakakapi i te kaweake o ngā rauemi mata ki te haere mai i te hoko o te hua te mōrahi uara toenga. Whanaketanga o to tatou iho ahumahi tukatuka matū - ko te ara mooni ki te whakanui i te whakamahinga kouma o ngā rauemi taiao tenei, riro i to tatou tupuna.