Ko te pūnaha io autonomic me ona āhuatanga

Kei te wehea te pūnaha io o te tinana, me te kararehe tangata ki e rua ngā momo - he pūnaha io tinana me ngā autonomic. Ko pūnaha io Somatic i raro i te mana mohio o te tangata, a ka taea e rongo ia ia, me te pūnaha io autonomic, i runga i te anga ke e kore he kaupapa ki te tangata,, ka ko reira i raro i te mana o te mauri.

mahi pūnaha Somatic te mahi rua. Ka whiwhi te reira i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te taiao i roto i te rongo - pērā i te kanohi, e whai receptors motuhake. hinga Signals i enei receptors i runga i takere tairongo i roto i te pūnaha io pokapū. Ano pūnaha somatic e te tohu i te CNS i te takere nekeneke ki uaua kōhiwi, meinga tenei kaupapa.

Ko te pūnaha io autonomic - te pūnaha io ko te tari e regulates oro iaia, lymphatic me te toto oko, te mahi o repe exocrine me endocrine, me te whekau katoa.

pupuri iho VNS te tamau o te taiao (homeostasis) i roto i te tinana, me te mahi i te mahi urutau-arataukai. Nā ki te pūnaha io autonomic, ki whekau, me mahi o te rauropi tangata urutau ki huringa waho i roto i te taiao, me tona pānga i runga i mahi hinengaro, me te tinana.

Ko te io autonomic pūnaha (tu-anake) kua wehea kia rua nga wahi: piringa, me te pokapū. Ko te piringa wehea he raru, weu karere, me peka e whakawhānui ana i te pokapū o te pūnaha i te ua me te roro, plexus o raru me te karere ganglia (wahi vegetative), kahiwi kaungāongo'i, e ngā o ganglia ki honotanga raru me manga, me te wāhanga vegetative o te wehenga parasympathetic o te Ans.

Central Division VNS wehea ki segmental (raro) me suprasegmentar (teitei) pokapū vegetative. Kei pokapū Segmental i roto i te ua, me te i roto i te roro. arotahi pokapū Suprasegmental Ans anake i roto i te uho kaka, te nuinga i roto i te kōpako me taupa frontal, te roro olfactory, roro tuarongo, hypothalamus, ngā hanganga subcortical, a pera atu.

Ko te pūnaha io autonomic e rua ngā momo - te pukuaroha, me te parasympathetic. rerekē ratou i roto i te whakaritenga o ratou effector me neurons pokapū me arcs pūpū, me te ratou mana ki runga ki te mahi o te hanganga innervated.

Kei te tū te tari io neurons pokapū parasympathetic i roto i te ua, i roto i ona wāhanga sacral (2-4 wāhanga), engari te nuinga o enei neurons kei te i roto i te brainstem me haere atu ana i reira ki raru cranial whakauru. Ko te pūnaha io pukuaroha e kei neurons pokapū i roto i te ua i roto i te mea hina o te wāhanga waha i te waru ki te rua-toru lumbar. raru pukuaroha whakawhānui i te ua anake i runga i te ventral (mua) tuara hei wāhanga o te raru tuaiwi. Nā ki te raru parasympathetic te taviniraa i te mahi o te bronchi, e kuiti ratou, nga raru pukuaroha, ki runga ki te anga ke, te whakawhānui i te bronchi.

Ko te pūnaha io autonomic he kawenga mō ngā mahi faufaa katoa me ngā tukanga i roto i te tinana, me te wahi kawenga mō te uri, i te mea tino nui i roto i te fanauraa. Hoki whakarato reira ture Ans noa o auau ngakau, pāmahana tinana, te pēhanga toto, aroturuki te mahi o rerekē tukanga matüora i roto i te tinana. I te huringa iti i roto i ngā āhuatanga ā-waho ranei, tīmata te pūnaha autonomic kapeneheihanatia me whakahaere tikanga, e i te wa e tika te huri i te āhua o oko toto, mana o te manawa, whakahohe mahi hinengaro.