Uaua kōhiwi. rōpū uaua kōhiwi. Te hanganga me te mahi o te uaua kōhiwi

Uaua - tetahi o nga wae matua o te tinana. E hāngai ana ratou i runga i te papanga, heke te muka kei raro i te mana o ponana manavasii, tuku i te tinana ki te neke me te ki kia puritia i roto i te taiao.

Kei uaua i roto i nga wahi o to tatou tinana. A tae noa ki te kahore tatou e e matau o ratou oraraa, kei ratou tonu i reira. Kati, hei tauira, te wa tuatahi haere ki te omaoma haukori ranei - te ra i muri ka tīmata koe ki te kino ia ara te hunga uaua, te aroaro o nei i koe e mohio.

Ko ratou kawenga mo te kaupapa e kore anake. I okiokinga, e rapu ana hoki nga uaua pūngao ki te pupuri i koe i roto i te āhua pai. Ko tenei ki te whakarite kia i tetahi taime te tetahi wahi o te tinana i taea te whakautu ki ponana karere hāngai kaupapa, nui atu i te haamau'araa i te wā i runga i te whakangungu.

Hei mahino te hanganga o nga uaua, whakaaro tatou ki mahara te taketake, ki te faahiti i te whakarōpū me te ki te titiro ki te pūtau hanganga o te uaua. ako hoki matou e pā ana ki te mate, e taea e pā ratou mahi, me pehea ki te whakakaha i te uaua kōhiwi.

ariā General

E ai ki tona ihirangi me ngā tauhohenga muka uaua e wehea ki:

• striated;
• maheni.

Kōhiwi uaua - elongated hanganga tubular, te maha o te karihi i roto i te kotahi pūtau e kia tae rave rahi rau. ngā ratou o uaua kikokiko, piri nei ki ngā wāhanga ngā o te kōhiwi Ihakara. whai wāhi hukihuki o ngā uaua striated ki kaupapa tangata.

momo o puka

Ko te uaua rerekē? ka tauturu i te Photos aroaro i roto i tenei tuhinga ki tatou matau ai.

uaua kōhiwi e tetahi o nga wae matua o te pūnaha musculoskeletal. tukua ratou ki a koe neke me te ki mau tonu toenga, me te whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga o te respiration, phonation, me ētahi atu mahi.

I roto i te tangata, i reira e ki runga 60 uaua. Ko te ōrau o ratou taimaha katoa ko 40% o te katoa taimaha tinana. Whakaröpütia uaua rite ki te puka me te hanganga:

• muka-āhua matotoru;
• paraharaha.

Simplifies Classification te ako

Wehewehe ki ngā rōpū o te uaua kōhiwi he ti'aturi i runga i te wāhi me te uara o ratou mahi i roto i nga whekau ngā o te tinana. Ko nga rōpū matua:

Uaua o te matenga, me te kaki:

• tāwhai - kia ataata koe, kōrero me te hanga o ngā pukana a, i te whakarite e te kaupapa o nga wahi wāhanga o te mata;
• chewable - whai wāhi ki te huri i te tūranga o te tari maxillofacial;
• nga uaua noa o nga whekau o te matenga (ngao ngohengohe, arero, kanohi, taringa waenganui).

Groups o uaua kōhiwi o te tuaiwi waha:

• mata - whai wāhi nekehanga matahao, me te hurihuri o te matenga;
• Waenganui - te waihanga i te taiepa raro o te kōhao-waha, me te whakatairanga kaupapa whakararo o te kauae, te wheua wheua arero , me te laryngeal cartilages;
• hohonu tītaha kawea me ngā huringa o te matenga, te whakatairanga i te hanga taha tuatahi, me te tuarua.

Uaua whakaahua kite koe i konei, e kawenga mō te tinana me te kua wehea ki paihere uaua e whai ake nei tari:

• rei - actuates te utumu o runga me ringa, a hoki whai wāhi ki te huringa i roto i te tūnga o te rara i roto i te manawa;
• puku - homai reira te kaupapa o toto i roto i te uaua, te maua e i roto i te huringa o te tūnga o te pouaka, ka kupukupu, pānga te mahi o te wahi gastrointestinal, whakatairanga te tauhia o te kātua;
• hoki - hangaia e te pūnaha toko o nga topito o runga.

uaua e alangá:

• runga - e hanga ake o uaua kiko o te whitiki pokohiwi me te alangá runga noa, te āwhina ki te neke i te ringa i roto i te capsule tahi pokohiwi, me te hanga i te kaupapa o te ringa me te maihao;
• raro - te tākaro i te wāhi nui i roto i te kaupapa o te tangata i roto i te wāhi, wehea ki te uaua o te whitiki papatoiake me te wahi noa.

Ko te hanganga o te uaua kōhiwi

I roto i tona hanganga, he maha nui o weu uaua o āhua elongated ki te diameter o te 10 ki te 100 microns kua reira, ratou awhe roa i te 1 ki te 12 cm muka (microfibrils) he kikokore -. Actin, me matotoru - myosin.

Kei te tuatahi o te pūmua he hanganga fibrillar. ka karanga ia actin. muka matotoru ngā o tetahi momo o myosin. E āhuatanga ratou e te wa e hiahiatia ana mō te whāwehe o ngā rāpoi ngota ATP, e arata'i ki te ngä tere rerekē.

Myosin i roto i ngā pūtau uaua maeneene kei roto i te āhua dispersed, ahakoa i reira he he nui nui o te pūmua, i, i roto i te tahuri, he mnogoznachaschim i contractions rongoā roa.

Ko te hanganga o te uaua kōhiwi he rite ki te taura whatu ranei muka waea paea. Top a tawhio noa tona uhi angiangi o te kiko tūhonohono i huaina epimizium. I tona mata i roto hohonu ki te uaua haere kaitahi wana kiko tūhonohono, te hanga pātaki. Ratou e "takai" paihere takitahi o uaua kikokiko, e i roto ake ki te 100 i roto i ia o nga fibrils. E haere hohonu ratou peka whaiti.

Na roto i te katoa o nga paparanga i roto i te uaua kōhiwi ô nga pūnaha circulatory me io. rere matua Vienna haere perimiziuma - he kiko tūhonohono hipoki i nga paihere o muka uaua. Kei matua me tōiti venous tata.

tukanga whanaketanga

uaua kōhiwi whakawhanake i te kiriwai. Mai i te somites haehae io i hanga. A, no te te wa e tohaina ratou myotomes. Ratou pūtau, ka mau i te ahua o te muka, tipu ki myoblasts, e kua wehea. Kei te ahu whakamua etahi o ratou, ētahi i noho tonu, me te puka miosatellitotsity.

He wahi iti o myoblasts tika ki te whakapā atu o te pou hanga whakapā ki ia atu atu i roto i te plasmalemma te fatifati rohe whakapā. Nā ki te hononga pūtau he symplasts. Kei te neke ratou taitamariki pūtau uaua undifferentiated, kei roto i te taiao taua ki myosymplasts membrane whawhe.

mahi uaua kōhiwi

Ko te pūtake o te musculature o te pūnaha musculoskeletal tenei. Ki te he reira kaha, he māmā ake ki te mau tonu i roto i te tūranga tika te tinana, me te tūponotanga o te takanga o te scoliosis piko whakamōkito ranei. I runga i nga AtAKi mohio hākinakina katoa, na te whakaaro tatou te tūranga takaro e te uaua.

Contractile kiko uaua kōhiwi i roto i te tinana tangata te mahi maha ngā mahi rerekē, e he tika mo te tūnga tika o te tinana, me te pāhekoheko o ona wahi ki ia atu.

Uaua te mahi i te mahi e whai ake nei:

• whakarato nekeneke o te tinana;
• poihere pūngao wera hanga i roto i te tinana;
• whakahaere kaupapa poutū me te pupuri i roto i te wāhi;
• whai wāhi ki te whakaiti o te wahi romahā me te te āwhina ki te horomia;
• te hanga ka tāwhai i;
• whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o te wera.

tautoko haere tonu

A, no te Ko te uaua i okiokinga, i reira te mea tonu he mānukanuka iti, ka karanga te reo uaua. Kei te hanga e te reira e tika ana ki iarere pākau i iti e tomo nga uaua ua. meinga ratou pānga e tohu e tomo i te matenga ki te motoneurons tuaiwi. Tei hoki āhua uaua i runga i to ratou huru whānui:

• totoro;
• whakakī taumata o sheaths uaua;
• haamaitairaa toto;
• te katoa o te wai me te tote toenga.

Te tangata e te kaha ki te whakatika i te taumata o te uaua kawenga. Ka rite ki te hua o te mahi tinana auroa te piki reo uaua riaka tumu aronganui me te io kaha ranei.

Hukihuki o uaua kōhiwi me ratou momo

Ko te tefito tenei mahi. Ko ara ia, ki te kuwaretanga kitea, e taea te wehea ki te maha momo.

Ngā momo o contractile uaua:

• isotonic - te kaha o te kiko uaua poroa kahore huringa o te muka uaua;
• Inerite - te tauhohenga o te muka heke, engari tonu tona roa te taua;
• auksotonicheskie - te tukanga o hukihuki o te kiko uaua, ai te roa me te mānukanuka o te uaua i raro ki huringa.

E hi'opoa tatou i tenei tukanga i roto i te taipitopito atu

Tuatahi, ka tukua te roro pūnaha neural roto i te pini e tae te neuron nekeneke pātata ki te paihere uaua. Next neurons efferent innervated o vesicle Faitatau ko, ka tukua neurotransmitter. fakatahai reira ki receptors i runga i te sarcolemma o weu uaua, me te iriti i te hongere konutai, e tika ana ki te membrane depolarization, meinga he pūmanawa mahi. A, no te whakaongaonga rawaka neurotransmitter hanga o katote konupūmā. Reira ka hono ki te troponin me whakaihiihi tona hukihuki. E, i roto i te tahuri, faaho'i tropomeazin, tuku ki hono actin me myosin.

Na ka tīmata te tukanga actin kakawaea retireti myosin whanaunga, ai reira he he whakaiti o te uaua kōhiwi. Hei mahino te tukanga o te hukihuki o paihere uaua striated e kanohi schematic.

Ko te parau tumu o te mahi o ngā uaua kōhiwi

Ko te pāhekoheko o te maha nui o paihere uaua whai wāhi ki nekehanga ngā o te tinana.

Ko te mahi o uaua kōhiwi taea puta e whai ake nei ara:

• mahi uaua-synergists i kotahi aronga;
• whai wāhi uaua enemi ki te whakatutuki i nga nekehanga ritenga mō te ngaohiko.

mahi fakafili o uaua ko tetahi o te āhuatanga matua i roto i te mahi o te pūnaha musculoskeletal. I roto i te mahi o tetahi mahi i roto i te mahi ngā te muka e kore anake uaua, e hanga ai, engari o ratou te raveraa ra. whai wāhi ratou ki fakafepaki'i nekehanga, me te hoatu concreteness me te aroha noa.

Striated uaua kōhiwi, ka whai wāhi ki te tahi hanga te mahi pakeke. takoto tona huru e te wāhi o te tuaka tahi me te tūranga whanaunga o nga uaua.

E underreported ētahi mahi o uaua kōhiwi, a maha kahore e korero e pā ana ki a ratou. Hei tauira, etahi o nga kurupae ko te hua mō wheua.

Mahi i te uaua i te taumata pūtau

Ko te mahi o uaua kōhiwi i te utu o e rua pūmua: actin me myosin. E taea e ki te neke whanaunga ki tetahi ki tetahi ēnei wāhanga.

Hoki te kakama o te uaua kikokiko titau kohi pūngao, i roto i roto i te here matū o ngā pūhui matū waro. Ko te whāwehe me hāora o matū puta i roto i te uaua. Here, he rangi tika hakari, ka tukua te pūngao i 33% o te tapeke pau i runga i te mahi kaha o te uaua kikokiko, a kua whakawhitia 67% ki ētahi atu te kopa, me te te maumauria ki te mau tonu i te pāmahana tinana tamau.

Diseases o te uaua kōhiwi

I roto i te nuinga o te wā, abnormalities i te mahi o uaua e tika ana ki te huru pathological o te pūnaha io haepapa.

Ko te māuiuitanga tino noa o te uaua kōhiwi:

• cramps Uaua - kawehiko tāne i roto i te inu wahopūtau a tawhio noa uaua me te karere muka me te rerekē te kaha osmotic roto reira, rawa tona hua.
• tetany Hypocalcemic - tumu hukihuki tetanic o uaua kōhiwi, kite i te hinga o te wahopūtau kukū Ca2 + ake ki pā ana ki 40% o ngā taumata noa.
• Duchenne āhuatanga e e hōloa ahu whakamua o muka kōhiwi te uaua o te myocardium, me te hauātanga uaua e kia arahi ki te mate e tika ana ki te kore romahā cardiac ranei.
• Myasthenia - mate ma'i autoimmune i ai te tinana hua he paturopi ki nikotīni Ach-receptor.

Whakangā me te whakaora o te uaua kōhiwi

Totonu kai tōtika, āhua noho me te mahi i ia te wā, ka āwhina i riro koe i te rangatira o uaua kōhiwi ataahua, me te hauora. Tika ngā i roto i te whakangungu taimaha , me te hanga uaua papatipu. Nui manawa auau, me te yoga.

Kaua e wareware ki te whakaaetanga herea o nga huaora faufaa me ngā ōpapa, me te haerenga auau ki saunas me te mamaoa pati ki bNgā Rūma, e tukua hāora ki te haafaufaa i uaua kiko me oko toto.

ka whakanui i massages olungá nahanaha te ngäwari me te reproducibility o paihere uaua. Ko hoki te reira i te whai hua i runga i te hanganga me te mahi o te uaua kōhiwi renders haerenga Cryo.