Ko te rohipehe Dzhordzh Bayron: haurongo me mahi

Dzhordzh Bayron, whakaahua me te haurongo e ka kitea e koe i roto i tenei tuhinga, kei te deservedly whakaaro he nui punake Ingarihi. Tau o tona ora - 1788-1824. Ki te He mea paihere te wā o Romanticism auahatanga George Byron. Kia mōhio e whakatika Romanticism i te mutunga o 18 - wawe rautau 19 i roto i Western Europe. Tenei au i roto i te toi puta rite ki te hua o te French Revolution me te Māmá, e pā ana ki reira.

romanticism Byron

Iwi e Kua tamata ki te whakaaro haeretia, i pouri ki te putanga o te revolution. I tua atu, kua te whakautu kaupapa here kua whakarei. Romance rite ki te hua o tenei wahia kia rua nga ropu whakahawea. Ētahi ka karanga hoki te hapori ki te hoki ki te ara patereareha o te ora, ki te tuku iho o te Middle, ki te whakarere i te otinga o ngā raruraru akiaki. Etahi ka karanga hoki te hokohoko atu o te take o te French Revolution. rapua ratou ki te hanga i te mau mana'o o te haere noa, te ōritetanga me te ongo fakatokoua. piri Dzhordzh Bayron reira ki a ratou. Kawea atu e te kāwanatanga kaupapa here koroni o Ingarangi, ia koi riria. korero Byron ki te whakatamarikitanga o nga ture anti-iwi, me te nanakia. meinga tenei ia amuamu nui ki te kāwanatanga.

Life i roto i te whakarau

I roto i te 1816, ka timata te rohipehe ki pakanga kaikiri. I ia ki tūturu waiho tona taketake Ingarangi. He whakaraua i roto i te whenua ke whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga o te tutu Kariki me Italian Carbonari mō motuhake. Kei te mohiotia te reira e A. whakaaro Pushkin te poto o te rohi pehe-tutu. koa te Ingarihi rongonui nui i roto i nga Decembrists. Belinsky, he fakaangá Russian tino, e kore ano hoki i haere i tona aro. Mō Byron korero ia rite te rohi pehe, e hanga he takoha nui ki te tuhinga ao. E hiahia ana koe ki te tiki ki te mohio ki a ia pai? whakaaro tatou ki te pānui i te haurongo taipitopito o Byron.

Origin Byron

I whanau ia i roto i London i runga i Hānuere 22, i tiketike i rua te papa, me te taha o whaea 1788 Ko tōna takenga. Na ka haere mai Dzhon Bayron, a Ketrin Gordon i te kāhui rawa. Otiia, ka haere atu te rohi pehe tamarikitanga i roto i te tino rawakore.

Ko te meka e Dzhon Bayron, tiaki āpiha (whakaahua i runga ake), arahina te ora rawa e tahoro ana. maumauria te papa o te rohi pehe i roto i te wa poto nga āhua e rua nui i haere ki a ia i te tuatahi, me te i te wahine tuarua, whaea o te tamaiti. faaipoiporaa tuatahi a Hoani, ko te tamahine o Akuhata. i kawea ia ki runga i toku kuia, a anake i roto i 1804 tīmata tona auhoaraa ki stepbrother.

valevalé

hohoro i muri marara ngā mātua te whanautanga o George. haere te papa ki France, a mate iho ki reira. I roto i te pa Kotimana o Aberdeen tangohia e wahi kōhungahunga te rohipehe heke mai. Here ako ia i te kura wetereo. I te mutunga o te toru o nga kupu kōeke haere mai i Ingarangi e mate-matua keke nui George. Na riro Byron oho te taitara o Ihowa, me Newstead Abbey - matua, kei roto i te Kaute Nottingham.

Na ko te pa me te whenua i roto i te pakaru. e kore te mea nui moni mo to ratou toe fakafoki mai. Na reira, ua faaoti te whaea o George Byron ki haea Newstead Abbey. Ia ia, me tana tama, noho i roto i Southwell tata.

E koma tona tamarikitanga, me te taitamarikitanga Byron?

kihai atarua Childhood me te taiohitanga Byron anake te kore o moni. Ko te take i he kopa no te kopu mai George. Doctors whakaaro ngā whakaaro ki te akakoromaki i te ngoikore, heoi kihai haere i te reira. Kei te mohiotia te reira e ko te whaea o Byron pūāhua iu. tawai ia te tama i roto i te wera o te tautohe i te hauātanga ā-tinana, kua meinga e taua mamae hohonu ki te tangata taitamariki.

Mātauranga i roto i rakarakatia

George i roto i te 1801, ka tomo ia ki te kura i roto i rakarakatia. I hangaia te reira mō ngā tamariki o te whanautanga rangatira. Here rite matou mo diplomats me ngā kaitōrangapū heke mai. Robert Peel, nei i muri ka minita roto, me te pirimia i muri o Ingarangi, ako i roto i te piha haapiiraa i taua ki te taua pehe nui George Gordon Byron. Haurongo o to tatou hero haere i runga i te mau ohipa i roto i tona ora whaiaro.

aroha tuatahi

I te tau 15, i roto i 1803, ka hinga Byron i te aroha ki a Meri Chavort. tupu tenei i roto i te hararei. ko ia pakeke atu George mo te 2 tau. Tahi, nui te wa noho ratou. Heoi, e kore i tenei aroha ki te mutunga i te faaipoiporaa. whakamamaetia aroha o Meri mo tau wairua whaiāipo o te rohi pehe Dzhordzh Gordon Byron. haurongo poto haere i runga i ki te whakaahua tau tona ākonga, George.

studentship

Ko te tangata taitama i roto i 1805 ka e ia he ākonga i University Cambridge. Ko te wā whakangungu ko reira he wa o te kino, te pārekareka me te ngahau. I tua atu, i aroha o hākinakina George. I whai wāhi ia i roto i te mekemeke, kauhoe, taiapa, eke hoiho. haere ana ia ki runga ki ki te riro i tetahi o nga kaikauhoe pai i roto i Ingarangi Dzhordzh Bayron. meka Interesting e pā ana ki a ia e kore te mea te reira,? I te wa ano, i hiahia i roto i te pānui ia. I maoro, ka anga tokomaha ki te ite e mahara phenomenal Byron. i taea e ki te tamau aau i te kuputuhi o ngā whārangi katoa ia.

Ko te kohikohinga tuatahi o rotarota

whakaputaina tangata Young te kohinga tuatahi o ngā rotarota, i tonu he ākonga, i roto i te tau 1806. ka karangatia e ia tana pukapuka "Die huahua." He tau i muri mai i reira ko te kohinga tuarua o "Poems i te maha o ngā wā", me te tuatoru - ". Haora o watea"

"Bards Ingarangi," Dzhordzh Bayron

haurongo poto me whakamōhio kaipānui ki te uauatanga tūpono kia puta noa haere o tona ora. I roto i ngā, i roto i te buka aamu "Arotake Edinburgh" i roto i te 1808 ka puta i te arotake ingoamuna. Reira mercilessly manuki'i mahi unknown o Byron. tuhituhi ia e kore i korero ia i te reo o te tuhinga, ka tohutohu ia ki te whakaako rotarota, e kore ki te whakaputa i te mau irava hauwarea. Dzhordzh Bayron i whakautu, whakaputaina i roto i te 1809 maau "te bards Ingarangi." te hua ko te angitu nui. i turia mai Poem wha putanga.

Ko te ara tau-rua i hanga e kua Dzhordzh Bayron

haurongo Poto o tona tohua he ara tau-rua i roto i i haere Byron ki te mutunga o 1809 oti ia i te wa i huaina "I roto i te takahanga o Horace" te rotarota, a ka hanga he tuhipoka haere whiti. Haere nui te awe te whanaketanga o te wairua auaha me te homai whiti o Byron. ka anga tona haere ki Portugal, i muri i nei George tae mai te motu o Malta, Spain, Albania, Greece, Constantinople. I roto i te raumati o 1811, ka hoki Byron ki Ingarangi. Here ako ia e ko tino mate tona whaea. Heoi, i taea ki te kitea ora ia George.

"Childe Harold o noho manene ai"

mutu George i roto i Newstead, a haere ana ki te mahi i runga i tona whiti hou, i karangatia e ia "Childe Harold o noho manene ai." Heoi, i te mea kua oti te mahi, te ētita Murray hoatu mua te whakaritenga ki te aukati i te hoko haké o te rotarota, o te āhua tōrangapū. Dzhordzh Bayron, tona haurongo e whakaatu ki tona aroha o haere noa, i pai ki te mahi anō i te mahi.

Ko te whakapakoko o Childe Harold Byron whakatinana āhuatanga he hero hou, e kei i roto i te pakanga tūturu ki te tikanga, me te hapori. Ko te hāngaitanga o tenei ara whakarite te angitu o te rotarota. Kua iritihia te reira i ki tata reo katoa o te ao. I maoro kua meinga te ingoa o Childe Harold te kupu whare. E pā ana te reira i whakama i roto i te tangata katoa, e whakahē ki te meka, kino ki a ia.

Mahi i roto i te Whare o Ariki

faaoti ia ki te tiaki i tona tūranga, e kore anake i roto i te irava. hohoro ka mau Dzhordzh Bayron he nohoanga i roto i te Whare o Ariki, i hinga ki te rohipehe riro. I roto i Ingarangi i taua wa ko reira Movement ludditskoe tino hira, kei roto i whakahe ki nga kaiwhatu puta mihini whatu. Ko te meka e kua mahue te aunoatanga o te mahi o tokomaha o ratou kahore mahi. Na kaha heke te hunga e whakahaere ana ki te tiki i te reira utu. kite te iwi i te pakiaka o te kino i roto i te whenu , ka anga ki te whakangaro ia ratou.

Kua whakaritea e te kāwanatanga ki te tika i te ture, kia rite ki nei te hunga e whakangaro i nga mihini ki kia whiua ki te mate. hanga Byron he kupu i roto i te Paremata ki te whakahē ki taua pire taehae. ka mea a George e fakataumu'a te kāwanatanga ki te tiaki i nga ngākau nuitanga o tangata, a kahore he torutoru monopolists. Heoi, ahakoa ana whakahe, tangohia te ture i roto i Hui-tanguru 1812

He ka timata he wehi ki nga kaiwhatu, i timata ki te whakatau i te he ki te mate, whakaraua ki whakaraua, he kaiherehere. kore kua Byron noho watea mai i enei ngā, ka whakaputaina tona ode riri, i kitea nga kaituhi o te ture. tuhituhi ahau e kua Dzhordzh Bayron i roto i enei tau? ka haere mai te raupapa o ngā rotarota whaiāipo i tona pene. Korerotia mai ki a poto tatou e pā ana ki a ratou.

"Whiti Eastern"

Dzhordzh Bayron i roto i 1813 i hanga e ia he raupapa o rotarota whaiāipo. I 1813, i reira i "Giaour" me "Kora o Abydos," i roto i te tau 1814 - "Lara" me "Le Corsaire", i roto i te 1816 - "Te Tuhinga o Koriniti." I roto i te tuhinga e huaina ratou "maau Te Tai Rāwhiti."

He faaipoiporaa rahua

pehe English Dzhordzh Bayron i Hānuere 1815 ka moea e ia Annabella Milbenk. haere mai tenei kotiro i te kāwai rangatira te utuafare patereareha. ātete Tau Byron ana mahi tūmatanui, mārama anga ke ki te auau kāwanatanga. Te whānau kia rite ki te hua o te take ka whakatika.

Ko te tokorua i roto i te Hakihea 1815 i te tamahine nei i huaina Adoy Avgustoy. A i Hānuere 1816 tana wahine mahue Byron kahore whakamārama. tīmataria tonu ona matua whakahaerenga whakarere. Byron i tenei wa i hanga etahi mahi whakatapua ki Napoleon, i faaite te tirohanga e, e whawhai ana ki Bonaparte, ka kawea mai Ingarangi tana iwi i te rota o te pouri.

Byron mahue Ingarangi

Te faataaraa me nga whakaaro tōrangapū "he" arahina ki e timata te rohipehe te mounu i. Kua rimurapa Newspapers ki te taua take whānuitanga e kore i taea e Byron tika haere atu ki te huarahi. mahue ia home April 26, 1816, me te kore hoki ki a Ingarangi. Te pehepehe whakamutunga tuhituhia i roto i to ratou whenua Maori, i "hoko haké ki Augusta", whakatapua ki te hawhe-tuahine o Byron, i ko te tautoko hoki a ia i tenei wa katoa, ka tautoko i roto i George wairua auaha.

wā Swiss

Tuatahi, hiahia Byron ki ora i roto i France, a ka i roto i Itari. Heoi, opani nga mana French ia ki noho i roto i nga pa, tuku noa peia i roto i te whenua. Na reira, haere George ki Switzerland. noho ia i te moana o Geneva, te Villa Diodati. I roto i Switzerland, tutaki ia a ka hoa ki Shelley. i hanga i Mei ki Oketopa 1816 I tenei wa i te rotarota "pouri", "Dream", "Ko te herehere o Chillon" - wā o noho i roto i te whenua. Ano, ka anga Byron ki tuhituhi tetahi atu maau "Manfred" ka hanga te toru o nga Canto o "Childe Harold." I muri i taua, ka haere ia ki Venice.

Taunga ki Guiccioli, whai wāhi i roto i te kaupapa o te Carbonari

Here ka mohio ai ki te Countess Guiccioli i i hinga Byron i te aroha. I marenatia e te wahine, engari ka mea ia i te rohipehe i roto i hoki. Otiia, hohoro haere te Countess ki Ravenna ki tana tane.

Na reira, ua faaoti ahau ki te neke i muri i tona aroha i roto i Ravenna. tupu tenei i roto i te 1819. Here i whai wāhi ia i roto i te kaupapa o te Carbonari, e i roto i 1821 ka anga faaineineraa mo te ngangaretanga. Heoi, e kore kua ano timata ai, no te mea i te tahi mau melo o te whakahaere poka.

Whakawhiti ki Pisa

I te tau 1821 oho Dzhordzh Gordon ki Pisa. Here noho ia ki te Countess Guiccioli, i whakarerea kua. noho Shelley ano i roto i te pa, engari i roto i te ngahuru o 1822 toremi ia. Byron i 1821 ki te 1823 i hanga te mahi e whai ake nei: "Marino Faliero", "Sardanapalus", "te rua Foscari," "te rangi me te whenua", "Kaina", "Werner". I tua atu, ka anga ia ui "warea Liliu" tona whakaari, i noho oti.

hanga Byron te rongonui "Don Giovanni" i roto i te wā i 1818 ki te 1823. Tenei mahi nui, Heoi, mahue oti hoki. haukotia te George tona mahi i roto i te tikanga ki te whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga mo te rangatiratanga o te iwi Kariki.

Whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga mo te rangatiratanga o te iwi Kariki

Byron ngahuru o 1822, ka whakatutehu ia ki Genoa, a ka mahue hoki Missolongi (i roto i te Hakihea 1823). Heoi, i roto i Greece, me te roto i te Italian Carbonari, i kitea te kore o te kotahitanga i roto i te hunga tutu. pau Byron te rota o te kaha e ngana ana ki te huihui i te hunga tutu. pau George mahi whakahaere nui, e ngana ana ki te waihanga i tētahi ope tutu kotahi. Tino kukū i taua wa ko te ora o te rohipehe. I tua atu, i ia he matao. tuhituhi Byron i te ra o tona rotarota huritau te 36raa, ka karanga "I teie mahana, i ahau 36 tau."

Ko te mate o Byron

Ko ia te tino pouri no te mea o te mate o Araha, tana tamahine. Maoro, Heoi, riro Byron he reta ki te karere e tangata i whakaorangia ia. George ki te whakanui, eke ana hoiho, a haere ana hoki te haere. Heoi, ka timata te ua taimaha, i meinga mate ki te punake matao. ora George Byron o tapahia i poto April 19, 1824.

a Byron he mana nui i runga i te tuhinga o te rau tau 19 ao. He ko ara he au hou katoa mohiotia rite "Byronism" i i kitea i roto i nga mahi o Lermontov me Pushkin. Ka rite ki hoki Western Europe, te mana o te rohi pehe ua Genrih Geyne, Viktor Gyugo, Arama Mitskevich. Ano, pehepehe a Byron i hanga te pūtake o te waiata mahi Roberta Shumana, Hector Berlioz ko Petra Chaykovskogo. Ki tenei ra, i roto i te tuhinga i reira ko te pānga o te rohi pehe taua George Byron. Haurongo me te auahatanga o tona moni ki maha kairangahau.