Ko te take o te Bronchitis. Ngā momo o Bronchitis, tohu me te rongoā i roto i ngā pakeke

Ka rite ki te tamaiti, pinepine tatou mea mau metua, e kore e inu matao - matao, e kore e haere mes potae - ka whiwhi he nawe o te pūkahukahu, e kore waewae mākū - nui korokoro. Otiia kihai matou i whakarongo ki mate. Ranei i roto i o pakeke, mo te whakaaro ki o te moni rangahau ranei i whakamatauria hoki te kaha o to koutou tinana. Na i muri i te katoa o taua tupu Bronchitis me aha he reira?

Bronchitis whakapeka

Bronchitis - he mate inflammatory o te wahi romahā raro, ki te tohu e te hunga tino noa mō ngā iwi huri noa i te ao e haere ki te hōhipera. Ka taea te rerekē te take o te Bronchitis: huakita, wheori hātare ranei.

I te wa ano e kore e te hinga o te kiko pūkahukahu puta, ka paetata te mumura te anake i roto i te rakau arahau.

Wehewehe i te whai ake ngā momo o te Bronchitis :

- koi ka whakanui ake i te rōrahi o secretions arahau, me te puta mare kahuki;
- ma'i, ina te tauiraa i roto i te membrane mucous puta i te taumata pūtau, e tika ana ki te hypersecretion me te ventilation waimaero.

etiology

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, ka taea e te Bronchitis take kia tino rerekē. tūāwhiorangi o te tukumate tino auau kitakita he tipu streptococci, mycoplasma, chlamydia, hāorakore. aroaro te etiology viral te rewharewha, parainfluenza me rhinovirus.

He Bronchitis iti noa iti meinga e te pānga matū paitini ranei i runga i te tinana. Otiia i roto i tenei take i te hononga mooni o te mate tuarua. E ai ki te International Whakarōpū o Diseases Whakahōunga Hongofulú, taratahi whakapeka Bronchitis tika tukumate whakapumautia me proximate Bronchitis whakapeka.

He taiea hoki te roanga o te mate:
- koi (ki runga ki te toru wiki);
- roanga auroa (i runga i te marama).

Ka taea e Bronchitis whakapeka rere e rua i spasm arahau, a kahore taua mea. Ka taea e localization rerekëtanga ki tracheobronchitis, huringa inflammatory ina hāngai i roto i te wahi o runga o te rakau arahau, a (pānga tukanga pathological nga bronchioles iti me alveoli) bronchiolitis. Na roto i te āhua o te purulent exudate wehewehe, necrotizing Bronchitis me te Tuhinga.

pathophysiology

Pehea e taea te whakawhanake Bronchitis? Tohumate me te maimoatanga tika i roto i ngā pakeke whakawhirinaki i runga i te huarahi o te mate, ka rite ki therapy hāngai āta i te hononga o te tukanga pathological.

āhuatanga Etiological hopoia tūkino i te pūtau mucosa arahau, me meinga te mate ratou. Enei "rua" i roto i te tiaki hanga nga tikanga mo te kătahi o te tukumate. Ki te muia e te epithelium tuatahi huaketo, ka muri e rua ranei e toru nga ra ki te uru ia me etahi ahua o huakita, te tikanga streptococcus pneumoniae.

Ko te tauhohe kiko inflammatory (huamo, whero, nui haere te pāmahana rohe me te pōrearea) ai rangirua o te rere toto i roto i te moenga capillary, kōpeketanga o mutunga karere me clots toto.

Ki te nga akiaki pai o te tukanga me te maimoatanga taumahi i runga i te wā, i muri i te ngaro o te mumura o te membrane mucous i roto i te faaho'ihia mai i roto i te marama torutoru. Ko te ōrau iti o tūroro kore mahi. Na ka riro ma'i te mate. Ki te pāngia te huringa te mucosa anake, ehara i te mea rawa nui pānga i runga i te ora o te tangata. Ko te hinga o ngā papa katoa o te ngōrahi taea meinga toto i roto i te kiko pūkahukahu, me te toto poke i te sputum.

whare hauora

Ko te take o te Bronchitis taunutia, pērā i te huakita wheori ranei e meinga nga faaiteraa haumanu āhuatanga. Ko te atamira prodromal tohua te hua i roto i te pāmahana te tinana ki mati febrile, ngoikore, te momoe, mate o hiahia, pāhoahoa, sweating, palpitations ngakau.

Tūroro whakaahua ratou sensations rite tetahi raru ranei korokoro scratchy me pouaka, e koe'uhi ko e inhalation o hau matao. I tua atu, he āwangawanga e pā ana ki te hacking mare maroke kore e kawea te tauturu ratou. I muri e rua ranei e toru nga ra, tūroro i te hūpē matotoru i hūpē pirau ranei. kia haere tahi te mare i te mamae i roto i te wahi o raro o te pouaka. Ko e tika ana ki te ngaru o te uaua pectoral tenei.

I roto i te rangahau whānui ka whakatata te whakarongo o te makuku nui o te kiri, whero i runga i tona cyanosis whakamārama o te ngutu. Uaua ki ia manawa unu ki ngā wāhi intercostal, whakamahia te uaua manawa pŭpŭ tauturu.

I te Bronchitis ngāwari toharite pumau hoki e pā ana ki e rua wiki me te mutu i roto i te ora oti.

tātaringa

Ai Bronchitis ngāwari te tāutu, ki te whakamahia te paari taputapu tātaritanga. I muri i te tirohanga ataata he tika ki te whakahaere rangahau tikanga ā-tinana pērā i palpation, percussion me te auscultation. e kore e ongo me te percussion i roto i tenei take whakaatu tetahi rerekē, engari i konei te pūoko whakaroto taea rongo te manawa pakeke, haere tahi i te wheezing marara. A, no te reira he maremare, wheezing meinga krupnopuzyrchatymi mākū.

I roto i te whānui, ka whakanui i tātari o tatau leukocyte toto me te hua kitea auau ngeniwhero parataiao (ESR). I roto i te tātari o mimi, rite ki te tikanga, kahore he huringa, engari i te tiketike o te kirika kia meinga pūmua. tātari matüora o toto taea ki te kite i te ahua o te pūmua C-urupare me te hua i roto i te pūmua alpha-hautau. I roto i te sputum he pūtōtepe, leukocytes, epithelium desquamated o bronchi me pūtau toto whero. I tua atu, mahi te taiwhanga tirotiro hua o te bronchi i te aroaro o te huakita me te huaketo.

I runga i te radiograph kore e waiho hei huringa motuhake, ki te kahore e tauira pūkahukahu anake nui haere. E mau ana spirogram ka aromatawai i te aroaro me te tohu o te tukuna ai.

maimoatanga

Ko te take o te Bronchitis me meinga te kōwhiringa o te rautaki maimoatanga i roto i ia take. Tei runga i te pakeke o te tukanga pathological, e taea te tukinotia Bronchitis whakapeka hei tūroro me te haora tūroro noho aroturukitia e te rata.

Me uru therapy wae huaketo antibacterial ranei, me te raau taero e whakarei ake te bronchi. I tua atu, he mea e tika ana ki te whakakore i nga āhuatanga e ka whai wāhi ki te ahunga whakamua o te mate. hiahiatia te akoranga o te maimoatanga e kia tika na waenganui, ahakoa o ahakoa kahore ranei tohe tohu mate.

I tēnei wā, he kaha tākuta ngā tua maimoatanga, mirimiri, omaoma. E āwhina ana tēnei ki te pai hōneatanga o secretions arahau, a ka taea ano hoki ki a koe te huri i te ara o te whakahaere ki te tinana.

Bronchitis

Ko te take matua o te Bronchitis - he kino ki te epithelium mucosal o te wahi romahā raro. Kōrero e pā ana Bronchitis taea e wha wiki i te tīmatanga o te mate i te wā e tiaki i nga huringa haumanu, me te pathological i roto i te pūkahukahu.

āhuatanga tēnei huru e te pakitara arahau lesion E ruia ana, e pā nei te ki tukanga inflammatory auroa ārahi ki te kiko sclerosis. Secretory pūrere bronchi te whakamamaetia maha ngā whakarerekētanga, me te whakaritea ki te nui haere te hanga o te hūpē.

whakarōpū

He maha ngā whakarōpūtanga haumanu o Bronchitis. He nga momo haumanu e whai ake nei o te mate:
- Easy (catarrhal ranei);
- purulent taunutia;
- he puka ohie i roto i te ofatiraa o te hā ora;
- purulent taunutia;
- motuhake, hei tauira, kaiota hemorrhagic ranei.

Na roto i te taumata o te whakangaromanga Bronchitis hea o Airways nui, me te iti. Tangohia ki pūkete te aroaro o te tohumate huangō me tona pakeke. Na roto i te āhua o te rere, me te tahi atu mate inflammatory, e takoto ana Bronchitis ki exacerbations wā, ka ko tonu recurrent.

Fifi i muri i te mamae i te Bronchitis - ko:
- emphysema;
- maremare ake toto;
- hanganga o te kore romahā;
- ma'i ngakau pūkahukahu.

take

Ma'i, te nuinga o mua e te Bronchitis whakapeka. He ki arotahi roto te tinana, me te i waho reira nga take o tenei tukanga. ki te tango i te mea tuatahi ki te pūkete te hihiko o te pūnaha ārai mate. Ki te he reira kaha rawa ranei, he kahakore rawa, ka taea e meinga ai mumura roa, me te kino kiko. I tua atu, ka kukume wātea i te mate iti koroni hou o huakita me te huaketo, ka pena ano puta ano a ano te mate.

I tua atu, wā roa-, i runga i nga tau, ritenga o nga korere arahau he hau maroke rawa, me te matao, tupeka, puehu, te waro haukura me ētahi atu matū tūpono i roto i te tahi mau ahumahi kia pēhia ngā te akoranga o te mate.

He he taunakitanga e kia whai wāhi hoki etahi mate ira ki te mumura ma'i i roto i te pūkahukahu.

pathogenesis

E pā ana tika nga take o Bronchitis ki te huarahi hanganga o te mate. Matua heke tiaki wahi bronchopulmonary, ara: te epithelium ciliated o te tērā ki Villi, te whakaiti i te nui o surfactant, lysozyme, interferon me immunoglobulin A, ngā rōpū o T pūtau me macrophages kauae.

Tuarua, i roto i te bronchi whakawhanake topu- pathogenic:
- hyperfunction repe mucous arahau (giperkriniya);
- hua i roto i te pokey o sputum (dyscrinia);
- stagnation o secretions i roto i te bronchi (mukostaz).

Na tuatoru, te whanaketanga o te sensitization ki te kaihoko pūtake, me ripeka-tauhohenga ki a te tinana ngā pūtau ake. Ēnei ngā toru tukua te tiaki o te mumura hoki neke atu i te wha wiki.

tohu

whakakitea te mate te mare kaha ki sputum ki kotahi rau me te rima tekau milliliters ia ra, te tikanga i roto i te ata. I roto i te mau taime o tauhohe inflammatory whakapeka taea e whiti o te pāmahana, sweating, ngoikore.

Ki te ahunga whakamua o te iti hoki romahā me te cardiac whakawhanake phalanges thickening ( "ngā waewae"), me te thickening o te pereti titi ( "haora karaihe"). Mamae Bronchitis tupu anake, ki te whai wāhi i te tukanga inflammatory te kiripūkahu ranei i roto i roa maremare takoki rawa musculature tautoko.

whakamātautau Lab

Ko te tātaritanga "Bronchitis" kua whakaturia i runga i te pūtake o te taiwhanga me rangahau mauhaa. I roto i te whānui, kitea tātaritanga o toto te hua leukocyte neke leukocyte mahue, nui haere auau parataiao ngeniwhero. Biochemically nui haere te maha o ngā waikawa sialic i te toto, seromucoid, Arepa me te kama-globulin, i reira he pūmua C-urupare. sputum mucous purulent ranei, kia whakahekeheke ki te toto. Oku i ai e ngā pūtau kiri, pūtau toto whero me neutrophils.

Hoki haamauraa morphological o te tātaritanga kawea i roto i bronchoscopy. I radiographs tirohia nui haere tauira pūkahukahu, me ona deformation mata, me nga tohu o te emphysema pūkahukahu. tauturu Spirography arata'i ai i te taote e pā ana ki te aroaro ngaro ranei o tohu o tukuna ai arahau.

maimoatanga

He aha ki te tango i muri i te tātaritanga o "Bronchitis"? e kore e nui rerekē i taua i roto i te puka whakapeka tohu me te rongoā i roto i ngā pakeke. Ko te tikanga, ta te tākuta ētahi kautaha tarukino i roto i tumanako ki whakaawe te kaihoko fakatupu o te whakautu inflammatory. Ki te taua kore, na te mea e tika ana ki te ū huru o te manawanui. Hoki tenei whakaaro, nga rōpū e whai ake nei o ngā hua:
- paturopi;
- expectorants;
- bronchodilators;
- antihistamines;
- inhalations me i tua.