Hanganga, Kōrero
Ko te ūnga tuatahi o te tangata i runga i te marama. Rā, hītori, ingoa
Kuo hoko ma'u pē Space te wāhi, e rata ana ki tona pātata me te inaccessibility. Iwi e ngā kaihōpara āhua me te pākiki - ko reira te ahunga whakamua o te ao rite te ariā hangarau, a i roto i te roha o te mahara. Ko te ūnga tuatahi o te tangata i runga i te marama i whakakaha te whakapono e he nehenehe o te whati interplanetary tatou.
amiorangi Earth
ingoa Russian "Luna" tinana rangi, iritihia i te Proto-Slavic tikanga "marama." Ko te amiorangi tūturu o to tatou paraneta me tona tinana tiretiera tata. Ko te kaha ki te whakaata i te rā i runga i te mata o te whenua hanga te ahanoa tuarua o te marama i roto i te wherikotanga rangi. I runga i te takenga mai o te tinana rangi , i reira e rua whakaaro: ko te āhua tuatahi e te takanga tukutahi ki te whenua, e ai ta te tuarua i hanga e wāhi kē te marama, engari i muri mai horo e te mahara teretetiera.
whakaoho amiorangi oraraa te ahua o pānga motuhake mo to tatou paraneta. Hei tauira, te mana o tona Luna attraction taea te whakahaere i hora o te wai (ngā tai). Nā ki te rahi, riro wahi patua meteoroid atu ki etahi whānuitanga tiaki te whenua.
akoranga tuatahi
Ko te ūnga tuatahi o te tangata i runga i te marama - ko te hua o te pākiki American, me te whakaaro i te whenua o ki mau te Soviet Union i te take o te matauranga wāhi o nāianei. He tokomaha hoki tauatini te taata kua ki te mataara i tēnei tinana tiretiera. Te tenenga i 1609 o te karu i āmiorangi Galileo hanga tikanga ataata o ako atu matatau me te tika. Mai puritia e ahau, nui atu i te kotahi rau tau, tae noa kua whakaritea e te iwi ki te tonoa ki te tinana waho o te unmanned tuatahi. A ko reira tetahi o te tuatahi Russian i konei. Mahuru 13, 1959 i runga i te mata o te marama taunga wāhi pūrere robotic, ko muri i te pee'utari.
Tau o te taunga tangata tuatahi i runga i te marama - 1969. Mārika 10 tau i muri mai, kua whakatuwheratia astronauts American Horizons hou mo te whanaketanga o te ao. Nā ki ngā akoranga atu taipitopito, whakatuwheratia matou ake meka ngā o whanau me te hanganga o te amiorangi. Tenei, i roto i te tahuri, i hanga reira taea ki te huri i te ahua o te whakapae o te whenua iho.
ope American
Waka ātea "Apollo-11" timata tona rere i runga i te 16 o Hūrae. ngā te waka o toru astronauts. Ko te whāinga o te ope, ko te ūnga tuatahi o te tangata i runga i te marama. Ki te waka amiorangi rere hoki wha ra. Na kua Hōngongoi 20 kōwae kainga i roto i te Moana o ata noho. I roto i te wahi te tonga-hauauru o te rōpū i noho hoki tetahi wā wa: neke atu i te 20 haora. Ko te aroaro mere o te iwi i runga i te mata 2 chasa roa 31 meneti. Hōngongoi 24 ka hoki te waka ki te whenua, te wahi i puritia ai ia i roto i te taratahi mo te torutoru nga ra: kihai i kitea astronauts kaupeka microorganisms.
Ko te tuatahi i runga i te oneone kaupeka ka marere atu Neil Armstrong (rangatira), mahue he meneti torutoru Edvin Oldrin (te pairati). Maykl Kollinz (kotahi atu taraiwa) tatari hoki ana hoa i roto i te ohuraa. whakaturia astronauts i te haki American me mea taputapu pūtaiao. Na, whakatika nga tuarua, i hua te ūnga tuatahi o te tangata i runga i te marama. Tukua mana tomo i roto i te logbook me i roto i nga meatanga o mua o te ao: ko reira te pai-mohiotia Pipiri 21, 1969.
Neil Armstrong
Ki tonu ko te hītori o te raupatu o te marama, me waia koe koe ki haurongo poto o ona kaihōpara tuatahi. tīmata ki te hero matua o tenei kōrero - Neil Armstrong. I ia he utuafare nui: matua aroha, tuahine teina me te tuakana. mahi tona papa rite te kaitātari: te mau melo katoa o te whare haere ki a ia i roto i te āhua pa. noho ratou tūturu anake i roto i Wapakoneta (Ohio). Ko pai te tamaiti, ko te paetukutuku Scout teitei.
tikanga Tuatahi Armstrong - Air Force whakamātautau pairati, whai wāhi ia i roto i te whawhai ki a Korea. I te tau 1958 whakauru ia i roto i te kaiurungi wāhi rōpū. Ka rite ki te rangatira, i hanga e ia tona rere tuatahi i runga i te kaipuke "Gemini 8" i roto i te 1966. Spacewalks, ki te kahore hoki ū i runga i te marama, kahore i. I roto i te 1970 haere ia ki a Russia hei wāhanga o te tira NASA. Mai i 1971 ki te 1979 mahi ia rite te kaiako. mate ia i muri i te pokanga karo rahua i roto i 2012.
Edwin Aldrin
He takenga Kōtimana. mahi tona papa i roto i te Army US i te ana'iraa o te rangatira. Tama aru i ona takahanga, a na fakafisi ki te mātauranga teitei, tomo te Military Academy. I whakawhiwhia te tuahine teina ki Edwin Buzz īngoa, no te mea kahore ratou e tawai tino te kupu "tuakana".
puta Aldrin i ona rangahau i te ana'iraa o te rūtene, a ka tonoa ki te Korean War. Na ka rere ia he rererangi whawhai. mahi i runga i tona hokinga mai i te mua ia kia rite ki tumuaki kaiāwhina o te Academy o te Force Air, a ka whakamaoritia ki mahi i roto i te pokapū o flights wāhi.
I te tau 1988 te tau (i roto i te pairati) tonoa ki te rere i runga i okoloorbitny "Jen-12." I roto i tenei ope i hanga Aldrin te spacewalk tuatahi. rere te "Apollo 11" recaps ki te misioni marama pera-ka karanga. I runga i te mata o te amiorangi kaupae 20 meneti i muri i te whakahau me te whakahaere shooting hītori. I 1971 i runga i tona mahi i NASA.
"Mutu kaipōkai" ... ko reira he ru nui mo Edwin. titau ētahi puna unofficial e ko Aldrin te tononga tuarua o te pee'utari i fafauhia. Otiia noho reira he tangata "tuarua" i runga i te marama. pāngia tōraro tēnei āhuatanga te konä o te vavā mua, taunga nei tīmata ia inu, a ka te tumatatenga. Mai 1970, ka anga ia ki te tamata ia rite te kaituhi. Ko ia te kaituhi o te maha ngā pukapuka e pā ana ki te hōpara ātea me te raupatu o te marama.
Maykl Kollinz
Ko tētahi atu huru nui ko "marama" o hītori. Ko te whati tuatahi ki te spacewalk i mahia e Michael i roto i tau 1966 i runga i te kaipuke 'Dremin-10. " I roto i te rua o nga ope i tatari ia mo astronauts ki te kōwae whakahau. I whakahau te astronauts: i roto i te take o te kore ki raro, ki te mata, me te tuhi i te hui.
Whakamutunga o ngā akoranga
Kei te whakapono te reira e mutu nga rerenga o te amiorangi, me tona rangahau kaha i tenei ra, engari e kore te mea te reira. Kia nui taahiraa hītori marama Armstrong iho atu "Apollo". Kihai i angitu katoa o te ope, engari tino hua mō te pūtaiao me te hangarau. Rongo kua reira e teie nei "whakahaerehia" te marama i nga tautangata. Hoki i 1972 i roto i te Hau Amui no Marite kaumatua i runga i te hui kua ara kua he pūrongo o pokanoa i roto i nga hōtaka wāhi o ope maramarama extraterrestrial. Tae noa tenei ra, te press wā taime whakaahua i tuhia nga rama ke i te taha pouri o te marama.
Otiia e kore e aukati i te reira te iwi i nga tautangata tūhura i te tinana waho. whakaaro te putanga tino lelei nai o te mutunga o ngā rerenga ki te marama e ki te kore o te pūtea. Space pakaruhanga i roto i te 70-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga puta tika ki te whakataetae ki te Soviet Union. I muri i te tetahi wikitoria i te taha US o moni haumi i roto i te whanaketanga o te rere vetea. Ko te ūnga tangata tuatahi i runga i te marama, te rā o e ko ki hei te timatanga o te hou "wāhi" kowhiria, ka tona mutunga: i roto i te meka, kua ngaro te iwi te hiahia ki te raupatu i te tinana tiretiera. Ko tōna tūranga i roto i te whakamutunga o te rere, a ka takaro te rongo onoono e kore kua e kua Armstrong me tona kapa ki te marama, me te putaputa katoa tika whakairo takaro.
"Marama" wahi
He ko he ariā e i roto i te "iwi" ki te Soviet Union, i faked te tuhinga katoa o te taunga i te kāwanatanga US. whakaaro te timatanga o te tutukitanga ko te pukapuka American B. casing, e whakaatu tenei pea. Ahakoa i muri whakakitea te tamataraa e ko te hua he whakautu tūturu ki te buzz o hau i roto i te whenua.
He etahi taunakitanga ki te tautoko i te ariā e te taunga o te tangata tuatahi i runga i te marama - he falsification :
- He rangahau whakahaere i roto i te tau 1976, te iwi tauanga o Amerika.
- mahi whakangungu Video astronauts ki te whenua-e hāngai ana, i te mea he faitatau fantastic ki te takai, rīpene i runga i te amiorangi.
- Modern tātaritanga image te whakamahi i te ētita whakaahua, te wahi tāutuhia wāhanga kouru hē.
- haki US iho. fokotu'u tuatahi ētahi aivanaa e kore e taea e te kikokiko te whakawhanake i raro i mahara kaupeka e tika ana ki te kore o te hau.
- I roto i te whakaahua "i te marama" he kahore whetu.
- Edwin Aldrin i pai ki te oati i runga i te Bibilia e tae mai ki te mata o te tinana tiretiera.
utu katoa ū kaitautoko kitea whakamārama tūturu. Hei tauira, ki te retouching e whakamahia i roto i te whakaahua te whakapai ake i te kounga mo te tānga, me te kore te pōkare i runga i te haki i te hau, me te i te mahi tangata ātea (oscillation damped), e whakatakoto ana i te haki. e kore e puritia pūkete taketake, na, te meka e te taahiraa matamua i roto i te pee'utari whenua, me te noho tonu i tautohetia.
Te Russian ko he ohipa tohe i roto i te tau o te taunga tuatahi i runga i te iwi marama. E kore kua te kāwanatanga Soviet kite pai ki te hoatu iwi i roto i te whenua i roto i te whakaaetanga o te hui American. Ahakoa i karangatia te Russian Ambassador, i te whakarewatanga o "Apollo 11", e ia i kore te whakaatu ki runga. huaina te take tona haerenga i runga i ngā take nui fakapule'angá.
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