Ko te wawaotanga o te Central Bank. wawaotanga whakawhiti Foreign: definition, tikanga

I teie mahana, te kaupapa here o te pāpātanga whakawhiti whakahaere o te moni motu i roto i nga whenua maha o te ao, mo e te kāwanatanga tahatika pokapū ki te wawaotanga moni pera-ka karanga, papaitia hoki tetahi uara o moni kāinga. I muri i te tuku tere o te moni motu ki te rewa noa, e taea te whiwhi koe raruraru i roto i te ōhanga. He aha te moni wawaotanga o te Central Bank, me pehea te kawea reira i roto i - he tika tenei ki te matau i roto i te taipitopito atu.

Tautuhi i te ariā o te wawaotanga

i huaina moni wawaotanga ko tetahi-atu tauwhitinga hoko o moni ke i roto i te Russian Federation ranei e kawea atu i te Bank o Russia. Ko te nuinga o te rōrahi o te wawaotanga utu ke rawa nui. Ratou whāinga ko ki te whakahaere i te auau o te moni motu i roto i te ngākau nuitanga o te kāwanatanga. Fele, kua whakatinanahia enei mahi i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapakari i te moni motu, engari i ētahi wā ka taea e te tonoa e ratou me ona paruparu.

E taea e ki te faaohipa mana nui e rua i runga i taua ngā mahi i te mākete whakawhiti ke rite te katoa, a i roto i te akoranga o te kōwae moni. E kōkirihia wawaotanga Moni i te Central Bank me, i roto i te whānui, e ratou te tikanga matua o te whakahaere kaupapa here moni. I tua atu, ture o te moni whanaunga, tino ka tae mai te reira ki te toru whenua ao, puta i roto i te taha ki te tahi atu mau melo o te IMF. Hei wāhi i roto i taua mau ohipa ngā pareparenga me te Treasury, a kua kawea te whawhe i Moni kore anake, engari ano hoki konganuku utu nui, i roto i ngā koura. kawea Moni wawaotanga o te Central Bank i anake i te whakaritenga i mua, me te e kawea atu i roto i te motuhake, wā tomu'a.

Tikanga mō te whakatairanga me te e tukupu ana i te moni motu

I roto i te meka, he tino māmā te huarahi o te ture o te moni motu, a kua hanga ki runga ki te parau tumu o "supply me tono". Ki te tika, ake i te utu o te moni motu te Central Bank o te whenua tīmata ki te hoko kaha monipuka ke (te nuinga US tāra), ka taea e tetahi atu moni convertible i te wa ano e whakamahia. Ko te kupu, arata'i wawaotanga te Central Bank o ki te taikaha (nui haere supply) o te moni ke i roto i te mākete pūtea. I te wa ano hokona ake te Central Bank te moni motu, e mahia tono atu hoki reira, i hanga taea te akoranga tupu noa tere.

Tika te ritenga ko whakahaere wawaotanga moni o te Central Bank, e hāngai ana ki te vaivai o te moni motu, e e timata ana ki te hoko, e kore e tuku ki a reira tupu uara. Hoko o monipuka ke arata'i ki te onge horihori i roto i te mākete kāinga.

Ngā momo o wawaotanga moni

Ko taau e kore e tonu wawaotanga te Central Bank o ngā hoko, me te hoko i te nui nui o te moni, i taea te kawea te tikanga hanga noa i roto i te wa ki te wa, i ētahi wā i huaina-waha. I roto i ngā take pēnei, kia te Central Bank etahi rongo ranei "pārera", rite ki te hua o nei te āhuatanga i roto i te mākete moni e taea te huri tino. I te tahi taime whakamahia wawaotanga mea hanga noa te ki te whakarei ake i te pānga o tenei wawaotanga moni. Ano, te tino maha e taea e rave rahi pareparenga ngā ratou mau tautooraa i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i te hua hiahiatia reira.

E whakaatu ana te mahi e whakamahia wawaotanga-waha e Central Banks te nui atu pinepine atu i te mau. He wāhi nui i roto i ngā take pērā, te huānga o te ohorere whakaari. I roto i tetahi take, te wawaotanga o te Central Bank, e hāngai ana ki te whakapakari i te au ngā i roto i te mākete moni, ahu ki te kia angitu nui atu i te whawhe, te whakaaro o te mea ki te tahuri i te reira i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga.

wawaotanga moni i roto i te tauira Japan

Stories mohiotia take o te whawhe papatipu o te mākete moni. Hei tauira, i roto i 2011, e tika ana ki te mau fifi i roto i te ōhanga US ko EU, a Siapani ki te whakatika i te tere o te moni motu, a ka akina atu nga mana ki te whakaiti i te reira. ka mea te minita pūtea a Japan e nounou i roto i te mākete moni i arahina ki te overvaluation o te iene ki moni ke, me te āhuatanga taua e kore e rite ki te āhua o te ōhanga. Muri, i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakatika i te auau utu o te iene, tahi ki te Central Bank o te Te Hau-ā-uru, i hanga hoki e kua Japan rave rahi whakawhitinga nui i runga i te hoko o te moni ke. Ko te kupu whakataki o te mākete moni i tauturu trillion yen ki te whakaiti i tona tere ki te 2%, ka taurite te ōhanga.

Ko te whakamahi o te huanga i roto i Russia

He tauira a Tūrongo, o te whakamahi o te huanga pūtea i roto i Russia taea te kitea mai i 1995. Whakatika ki tenei wāhi hokona te Central Bank moni ke mo te ture o te RUPO, a i roto i Hūrae 1995, i whakaurua te parau tumu o te ropu auau whakawhiti, rite ki nei kia mau tonu te uara o te moni motu i roto i nga rohe i whakaritea, me te mo te tetahi wā o te wā. Heoi, huringa i roto i te ao ōhanga whānui i te tau 2008, kua hanga tenei tauira o te kaupapa here moni koretake, ka i whakaurua kauhanga moni rua. I roto i tenei take, whakaritea te auau whakawhiti i runga i te kaupapa o tona pā ana ki te tāra me te ūropi. Ranei ara, kawea te pēke pokapū utu ke wawaotanga i whai i tenei kaupapa here moni.

Events 2014-2015, te awe i te momonatanga o te wawaotanga Central Bank o Russia moni, na reira, te whakamutunga o ona whawhe e kore e hoatu i te hua e hiahiatia ana. Te hinga i roto i te utu hinu, te whakaiti pānga i roto i te rahui o te Central Bank me te rerekētanga pūtea pae hopea kia whakawhiti ke wawaotanga noatia, me te horihori.

auau te whakarite Alternative

I teie mahana, Ko puhoi ti'aturi i runga i tāwāhi pūwaro, e ārai te tupu o te moni motu Russia. Na reira, i taua huanga pūtea, rite te wawaotanga o te Central Bank, ki nei kei te pūnahanaha aitia te mākete ki te tāra me te ūropi he tika noa mo te ōhanga o te whenua o. Heoi, i roto i te marama o ngā tata, ka mutu te wawaotanga o te Central Bank ki te whai wāhi ki te whakahaere i te utu o te moni motu, i whakatinana te whakawhitinga ki te auau utu tere i Whiringa 10, 2014. Na kawea utu ke wawaotanga i anake i roto i te wā rawa.

Pea, i roto i tenei tuhinga, he whakahoki ngaio ki te pātai, he aha te mea te auau utu o te wawaotanga te Central Bank o, na atu ata haere ki nga ture o mea pūtea ka rawa.