Hauora, Mau faaineineraa
Ko wai mea whakaaro rongoā paturopi? History o te kitenga, me ngā āhuatanga o te rongoā paturopi
E ora rau o ora i roto i te whakamahi o paturopi i roto i te mahi hauora. Ko te kite o te rongoā paturopi hanga reira ngāwari ki te whakaora iwi i mate i nga whakaaro noa te timatanga o te rau tau XX mahu.
Medicine ki paturopi tenenga
Hoki tenetere i rongoa i taea e ki te whakaora i te ora o te tūroro. Ko te mahi tuatahi ki te pakaruhanga ko te kitea o te meka o te āhua o te takenga o maha mate. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te meka e whakatika te nuinga o mate rite ki te hua o te pānga kino o microorganisms. Hohoro nui, te kitenga o pūtaiao e nga huakita mate-meinga taea te huna ki te awhina o te tahi atu microorganisms, e whakaatu ana "riri" ki te māngai o mate.
I roto i te akoranga o ratou mahi hauora, ka haere mai e rave rahi aivanaa i roto i te XIX ki tenei mutunga. I roto ia ratou a Louis Pasteur, e kitea e te pānga o etahi momo o microorganisms arata'i ki te mate o te bacilli o mua. Otiia kihai i nui tenei mōhiohio. Ko reira tika ki te kitea he huarahi whai hua motuhake ki te whakaoti i te raruraru. whakamātau katoa e tākuta ki te waihanga kore te rongoā ao. Na anake he aituā parakore me hunch ngingila awhinatia Aleksandru Flemingu, ki te pūtaiao e whakaaro rongoā paturopi.
āhuatanga Whaihua o pokepokea ai
He uaua ki te whakapono e āhuatanga antibacterial te pokepokea ai tino noa. Ko te reira parau mau. Ehara i te mea noa te taonga puwhero-hina, he harore mōkitokito. whakatika te reira i embryos ara iti, e te hunga i roto i te rangi. I roto i ngā āhuatanga o te tohanga rangi rawakore, a te tahi atu āhuatanga o te pokepokea ai e hanga e. kihai i rongoā paturopi ano tuwhera, engari i roto i te rau tau XI, mahi a Avicenna whai tohutoro ki te maimoatanga o te purulent mate ki te awhina o te pokepokea ai.
Tautohe i waenganui i rua pūtaiao
I roto i 60-doma o te XIX rautau tākuta Russian Aleksey Polotebnov me Vyacheslav Manassein tino tohe. Ko te kaupapa o te tautohe ko te pokepokea ai. Polotebnov whakapono e ko te reira te tupuna o nga iroriki katoa. tohe Manassein i runga i te ritenga atu o te tirohanga, me ki whakamatautau tona harakore, tū te raupapa o ngā tirohanga.
whanga ana e ia te tupu o pua pokepokea ai, i nga purapura i roto i te whenua hua. Ka rite ki te hua, ka kite V. Manassein te whanaketanga o te huakita kihai i puta rite i roto i te mara o te tupu pokepokea ai. Tona whakaaro kua inaianei kua whakaukia mai e whakamātau: pokepokea ai mau inhibits te tupu o te tahi atu microorganisms. uru tona hoa te he o tona whakapae. Ano, Polotebnov timata ia ki te ako tata nga āhuatanga antibacterial o te pokepokea ai. He he taunakitanga i whakamahia noa ia ratou pai i roto i te maimoatanga o painga whakaora mariao kiri. i oti rawa Polotebnov e rave rahi pene o tona mahi pūtaiao whakaahua i te āhuatanga o te pokepokea ai. He te hoki te pūtaiao tūtohu ki te whakamahi i ēnei āhuatanga i roto i te rongoa, i ngā mo te maimoatanga o mate kiri. Otiia e kore e te tenei whakaaro faauruhia e te rata atu, ka kua kua whana wareware.
Ko wai mea whakaaro rongoā paturopi
no tenei kaiaka ki te pūtaiao hauora Aleksandru Flemingu. Ko ia he ahorangi i roto i te taiwhanga o te hōhipera o St. a Meri City o London. Ko te kaupapa matua o tana mahi pūtaiao - ko te tupu me ngā āhuatanga o te staphylococci. Ko te kitea o te rongoā paturopi i mahia e ia te aituā. Fleming tiaki nui e kore e rongonui, kaua te anga ke. Kotahi ra, ka mahue te rihi papamahi i horoia ki te ahurea kitakita, he torutoru nga ra i muri ka mea ia i te pokepokea ai hua. Tona hiahia i roto i te meka e kua ngaro i roto i te wāhi huri noa i te huakita pokepokea ai.
He aha te tau mea whakaaro rongoā paturopi? I roto i te 1928, i homai e Aleksandra Fleminga kitea te ao te mea he semeio i te taonga wā.
Production me Taupānga
kihai i taea e Fleming ako ki paturopi, kia kore he tino hiahia i roto i tona kitea te mahi tuatahi o te rongoā. Ko te hunga e mea whakaaro rongoā paturopi rite te rongoā ko Govad Florey me Cheyn Ernst. Ratou, me ki ana hoa taratahi rongoā paturopi parakore, ka hāngai ki runga i te reira paturopi tuatahi o te ao.
I roto i te 1944, i roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao, te United States, kua taea ki te tiki rongoā paturopi ara ahumahi pūtaiao. tangohia whakamātautau o te tarukino kua he moka o te wā. Tata tonu, ka anga rongoā paturopi ki te whakamahi i te ope patu o nga Hoa ki te hamani i te werohia. A, no te mutunga o te whawhai, i taea e hoki te hoko i te taupori haukāinga, o te United States i te rongoa merekara.
Katoa e mea whakaaro rongoā paturopi (Fleming, Florey, Chain) riro nga tangata i roto i te mara o te rongoā Nobel.
Rongoā paturopi: hītori o kitenga i roto i Russia
A, no te i tonu haere te Pakanga nui Patriotic runga, i hanga I. V. Stalin kua maha whakamātau ki te hoko raihana mo te hanga o te rongoā paturopi i Russia. Ko kua mahi te United States ambiguously. i te ingoa kotahi moni Tuatahi, me mea ahau, he arorangi. Otiia i muri mai kua nui haere te reira rua, whakamārama i te hua o te tātai hē tuatahi. Ka rite ki te hua, i taka ngā whiriwhiringa.
I runga i te pātai o nei whakaaro rongoā paturopi i Russia, kahore he kupu whakahoki kotahi. Te kimi huarahi ki te whakaputa i analogues i whakatupato kaikoiora moroiti Zinaida Ermoleva. i taea ki te tiki i te taonga ia, i muri i huaina krustozinom. Ko ona āhuatanga he nui iho ki te rongoā paturopi tenei tarukino, me te hangarau o te production ko mahi-kaha, me te utu nui.
I whakaritea e te reira ki te hoko tonu te raihana. Ko te kaihoko ko Ernst Faahororaa. I muri i taua te whanaketanga o te hangarau, me te whakarewa i te reira ki te hanga. Tenei tukanga arahina Nikolai Kopylov. production ahumahi i hohoro whakapumautia o rongoā paturopi. I roto i tenei Nikolay Kopylov i whakawhiwhia te Stalin paraihe.
Paturopi i roto i te whānui me te i roto i ngā rongoā paturopi tino i te āhuatanga pono ahurei. Ko tenei ra, kei te whakaatu atu me te ake pūtaiao āwangawanga e maha huakita me papapūata whakawhanake ātete ki tenei mahi whakaora.
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