Lēsoni i hītori: he aha te mea pānui i te pae varua, me te tuhituhi?

Ko te hītori o te iwi - tona taonga matua me te mahara, e kore e taea e wareware i muri i te rau tau na maha. meka whakairo e pā ana ki te ora o ratou tupuna, tatou pinepine ite e kāpehu, te mōhiohio kei roto i ngaro, me te tikanga hohonu. tamata tokomaha te iwi ki te kitea i roto i te mea he pānui i te pae varua, me te tuhituhi, i te mea he reira ki matau, me te e kīa nei. Ētahi kairangahau hoatu te ariā te whakamāramatanga e whai ake: te pānui i te pae varua, me te tuhituhi - tetahi o nga puna tino nui o te hītori Russian wharekarakia, he ahua o te kawenata, ngā kore ki takitahi motuhake anake, engari ano hoki ki te iwi katoa, me uri.

Wills rangatira

I roto i nga wa onamata, ki matau aha he rangatira feudal, ko reira nui noa ki te titiro i tona reo matatini i te pae varua. hoatu e ia ngā mōhiohio taipitopito i runga i te rangatira rawa, e pā ana ki te take me ngā huarahi o tona rironga. Ngā mihi ki te tuhi i te kōrero i roto i te i pai ai faahiahia, e nehenehe tatou e te ahu i te akiaki o te haaputuputuraa kuru whenua me ngā rauemi o te rangatira ranei. I roto i te Middle e he pānui wairua, me te tuhituhi, i mohio matou tata katoa. roa a āta puritia Manuscripts, no te mea i nga tuhinga i mua rawa tairongo. Tae noa kua tae tenei ra te kohinga o wira rangatira rahi o Moscow.

Ko te ora, me te mahi o Ivan Kalita

Ko tētahi o te faahiahia tino me faufaa whakaaro te ki hei te tūtohinga wairua Ivana Kality. Ko reira pono te Duke Grand, i whanau nei i roto i 1283 ka haere te ara uaua ki te haere i mua i hoko te tangata rongonui, me te whai i roto i tona ora. I te timatanga o tona kingitanga, i hanga te rangatira kua hua rahi. I whakaaro ia mo tona kaha ki te kitea te reo noa ki te iwi, me te manawanui, me te haamo'araa. Ngā mihi ki te Ivan nui, ōhanga, me te ora tōrangapū o te uniana o te rangatiratanga, Moscow ka haere mai me te Golden Horde ki au maite. ko Kalita hunga nanakia, me te tino ki ana iwi, tāmia tonu tetahi riri ratou ki te humarie.

reo matatini pae varua Ivan Kalita

reta wairua Kalita whakaemi he wa roa, he wā hītori rawa uaua mō te Russia. I te timatanga o te pai ai ko te tohu o te āhua o te hauora o Prince. haapapu ia e katoa ki a ia i roto i te raupapa e hinengaro me tinana he reira rawa. I roto i tona ora, kua whiwhi Kalita rawaka whakapaipai, e waihotia iho ki ana tama, me tona wahine, Princess Yuliana. Ivan whakarārangitia te tuhinga ona penapena katoa, i riro ia i tona papa, papa ruau, me te hunga i roaa ia i runga i to ratou ake. E te ara, i reira tokomaha i. I taua wa, ko te Duke Grand te rangatira o te maha pa, i roto ia ratou tukinotia Ruza, Zvenigorod, Mozhaisk, Serpukhov, Kolomna. no Ivan Kalita ki pinepine o kainga me taone.

Ko te kupu, ko te pātai o te mea ko te pānui i te pae varua, me te tuhituhi, he mea ka taea ki te hoatu i te whakahoki ohie - te kawenata reira, unu ake i roto i te wā o te kingitanga. Kalita tukunoa'i tuatahi nga ture o te wehenga o te kainga. hoatu e ia ki reira ki katoa o ana tama ōrite, kahore whakaaro ki "piki te arawhata", ai te ōwehenga nui o reira whiwhi i tetahi tama matamua. E tano ia tapao e kore i Ivan Kalita tiaki a muri ake nei e pā ana ki te tangata, engari tona utuafare. I wehea kainga katoa ki te porohita te utuafare tata. He meka ngā ko e kore kua te rangatira tohaina "wahi o pouaru" o tana wahine. Money totonu no ki a ia, ka hoatu e ia tana tama matamua, ka korero ki a ia ki te tango i te tiaki o tona whaea, me te teina.

Testament Kalita tenei ra

Kia aroha mai, e mohio ana torutoru iwi te mea he pānui i te pae varua, me te tuhituhi, engari e kore rawa te mutunga ki te pānui i te reira, ka ite i te mau ohipa o te mano tau ki muri. Hei tauira, te kawenata Ivana Kality he inaianei e wātea ana ki te katoa. E rua putanga o te pukapuka wairua o te Duke Grand, ia o nei tika whakarongo.