Lycopodium clavatum: te ora huringa, hanganga me te whakaputa uri

kitea Lycopodium clavatum (Lat. Lycopodium clavatum) i roto i paina me ngahere whakauru. wana herbaceous māotaota angiangi karaunatia ki titaha mātotoru. Otiia e kore e ko te inflorescence tenei, no te mea pūkohu - teitei tipu spore me kore Puanga. Reproduction me huringa ora i ngā āhuatanga ahurei e pā ana ki te takenga mai o te rōpū onamata. He he maha o ngā āhuatanga, me te hanganga o Lycopodium clavatum.

parawae ora

I roto i te wā Paleozoic ngahere o horsetails treelike, Kiwa karapu me kaponga taupokina nga whanuitanga o te ao. Neke atu i te wa, enei rōpū o kaiao mō te whakatö i hiahia wai i roto i te puka honikoma-wai, ka hoatu e ara ki te tipu ake te urutau - gymnosperms me pua. Ehara i ora i roto i tenei pakanga mō talingelingá karapu oranga rakau - lepidodendrons me sigillaria, tae reira he teitei o 40 mita, engari kua hoatu e ratou ara ki te kaimono waro kaha i roto i te tahi mau rohe o te ao .. tipu hou o te Lycopodiaceae Nä roto i te ahua ki te otaota timera waikawa whānau, engari riro ana ia ratou i te ara o te uri me te huringa whanaketanga o ratou tupuna onamata.

He aha te tipu i huaina "pūkohu"?

Mai i te wahi taketake o te tāpiritanga o tetahi o nga wāhanga i roto i te huringa ora o Lycopodium - prothallia - tīmata ki te tupu ngokingoki kakau matomato. I te paenga, he ratou tonu taitamariki, kahore taringa spore-hanga, me te i roto i te mowhiti pokapū - hipa ake tona ake. Te āhua e neke Lycopodium clavatum i roto i te ngahere. Ko e tika ana ki te āhua tamau o rere, me te tupu o wana hou tenei. Āhuatanga kua roa kua kite, a ka hoatu nga iwi Slavic "tētē" ingoa tipu "pūkohu" ( 'one'one holo). takenga Te mea faahiahia o te ingoa Latin o te pūkohu puninga. Kei te whai pānga te reira ki te kupu Tiamana "wae o wuruhi." Na i roto i nga ra tawhito i huaina reira pūkohu i Germany. I roto i te rau tau XVI i iritihia te kupu ki Latin, ko reira te hua Licopodium. iwi rerekē i roto i te pūkohu ingoa "Lycopodium", "wolfberry".

āhuatanga pūkohu

tipu Original a te tino tawhito kitea i roto i te rohe ngahere o te Northern me Southern tuakoi. Rod o Lycopodium, ki nei te clavatum Lycopodium, vai i roto i te ngahere o te Paleozoic runga i 350 miriona tau ki muri. tohu maha tohu e te āta memenge tenei rōpū. Ko te hanganga o te pūkohu e nga āhuatanga o te whakahaere teitei i roto i rite ki te pūkohu. Ka taea e te tiki ki te mohio ratou i runga i te tauira Lycopodium clavatum.

Ko nga tohu tuatahi:

• Pekanga wehewehe;
• tōrino Phyllotaxy.

Āhuatanga o ngā tipu teitei whai Lycopodium:

• kiko rerekëtanga;
• kakau herbaceous pururu;
• pakiaka tūturu.

He āhuatanga āhuatanga - mikrofiliya e pā ana ki te takenga mai o nga rau i te mata o outgrowths kakau.

Ko te hanganga o Lycopodium clavatum

te koiora (atamira tōkai) katoa titiro raa'tu fluffy i te huinga o rau iti. E ratou he rārangi-lanceolate, ia mutunga ko makawe ma tino pakarukaru. Lycopodium clavatum kua kakau he ngokingoki roa, me te pūhihi. Tenei ahua o te aho ora tae te roa o i te 1 ki te 4 m. Mai kaitiaki taha e piki (50 cm) i reira. Taproot, i reira he adventitious anake e piri te tipu kei te ki te whenua. Roa kikokore waewae ki rau korekore i te kakau arahi ki te thickening i runga i runga o te mawhiti. Tenei titaha hua he hanga porotakaroa, a pa he roa o te 4 cm. Tikanga kohia e rua ngā rōpū e ono o toru ranei wha. Kei te tū te sinuses sporolistikov sporangia. Ia o enei takai iti ki tonu i te pua.

Ko te hanganga o te gametophyte

Lycopodium pua clavatum hoatu ara ki te gametophyte, prothallia ranei. E kore e te hanganga o Lycopodium clavatum i tenei wā puta ai i runga i te tipu te koiora, rite e waia tatou ki te kitenga. Sporophyte tae noa ki runga tetahi mirimita te whānui. zarostok reira - he āhuatanga rangitahi i roto i te ora o te tipu, engari rawa e tika ana. Ki te ko te tautohe i roto i ngā āhuatanga kino, he ratou he roa te wa e kore e taea e hoatu ara ki te rauropi hou. Takitahi mimiti ngā matūkai e kore e taea e gametophyte mōkitokito, whakamahi ia "ratonga" o harore oneone. Ki te hohoro pihi tautohetohe i runga i te mata, riro zarostok translucent he tae matomato ha ma, me te Ko te ahei o te ahotakakame. Ko te gametophyte tupulaki tikanga tere pai. I roto i te mātauranga motuhake puta tohuhema fakasekisualé. Wahine - hua manu - nui, me te immobile. Tangata - parāoa - iti, rite rawa ki te flagella, a hohoro neke. pūtau iroriki pakeke i ngā wā rerekē. pūtau tangata ki te neke ki te hua rapu rūrūtia wai. I te kongutu o te gamete te kikiritanga puta. tīmata te whakatō kākano ki wehe, hoatu ara ki ngā pūtau me te kopa o te sporophyte heke mai.

Lifecycle Lycopodium clavatum

Kia ahu mai tatou i te whanaketanga o te tipu i te tautohe ki te whakato pakeke. "Lycopodium clavatum" Ko te aha tatou e te tikanga kite i roto i te ngahere ranei i runga i te whakaahua. Nga takai, wa spikelets sporangia raumati moni nui o pua Ahakoa paura kōwhai. A feruri i te hanganga o te puehu e taea anake e raro i te karu. tātari Chemical whakaatu te ihirangi nui o enei ngako huawhenua. Ringihia totohe i roto i Hōngongoi ko August, kawea ana e te hau i roto i te ngahere, me te e horahia lycopodium. I roto i te oneone, ka tīmata germination i raro i ngā āhuatanga pai. I hanga zarostok-gametophyte, Ahakoa he iti pī-te tahi mea. Fakasekisualé uri clavate Lycopodium - he wā takawaenga i roto i te huringa ora, te whakarite kanorau ira. I muri i te hanganga o tohuhema me kikiritanga puta i runga i sporophyte prothallia mōkitokito. Ko taea kē tōna hanganga ki te kite i te kakau matomato kikokore me rau. te wiwi wehewehenga ki te marama, me te hoki - ki raro, ki te oneone. Te nuinga o pūkohu whakatipuria vegetatively ara - ia o ona pakiaka whiu he, taea ki te ora ki waho o te tipu whaea.

whakamahi Practical o Lycopodium

I roto i te tono hauora whakamahia whakato pua, e mohiotia ana ko Lycopodium. Ko te rauemi raw kohia i roto i te mohoao, mo te faaineineraa o te tamaiti paura , me te anti-bedsore. Kei Lycopodium:

• hinu;
• pūmua;
• polysaccharides;
• sitosterol;
• waikawa phenolcarboxylic;
• kohuke.

mauruuru tohunga Folk te patunga whakaora āheinga Lycopodium, e tūtohu hoki weranga, hukapuri. He te otaota āhuatanga anti-inflammatory me te whakamahia mō te mate o ngā whēkau, me ngā pūnaha. Ko te puka waho o ngā rongoā i te pua lycopodium tokoni ki katoatia, whewhe, herpes. Maimoatanga ki taero, kia kawea Lycopodium i runga i te tohutohu, me te i raro i te mātakitaki o te rata.

whakaritenga taiao

Kakau Lycopodium āta "horapa" i roto i te wahi o te germination tuatahi o te tautohe. Te āhei ki ratou hanganga i roto i te tipu puta i runga i 15-30-th o nga tau o te ora. mate Zarostok i te taahiraa o te hanganga o wana me pakiaka. whakaritea clavate Avilable Lycopodium me tona uri te wahi o te tipu tohatoha. Undemanding ki te oneone, me te reira rūrūtia wai mo te kikiritanga i roto i te wā fakasekisualé. pūkohu tikanga pērā kitea i roto i te maha rohe me whenua, tae atu Russia, Peraruhia, Ukraine. kitea ana te tipu kei te nuinga i runga i te one oneone i roto i te ngahere paina marama. I te iti rawa - i roto i te whakauru me te hōtoke. I roto i te hawhe te rau tau mua kua tino heke te maha o Lycopodium. Kotahi raruraru ki te hë o te awhe e pā ana te ki te hanganga puhoi o taringa spore-hanga. I roto i te ngahere o wana vegetative taea te kitea atu maha atu i te generative. I tua atu, e kore e tonu i roto i te āhuatanga tika mō te spore germination. Ka taea e ratou mate i te maroketanga tau ranei e kore e hoatu e ara ki te gametophyte. Ko wāhanga anake o te take taiao e pā ana ki te tipu matamua i runga i te whenua tenei. Kia faahiti te reira i te whakarau o noho tata i runga i te ao hoki i roto i te Paleozoic - lepidodendrons me sigillaria.

Ngahere, te huringa o whenua ahuwhenua i roto i te pā tōraro i runga i moepuku, me te tōkai reproduction clavate Lycopodium. kawea te reira i roto i tona tiaki i roto i te maha o āhua US te wahi whakaaro te tipu e onge i roto i te hiahia o te tiaki.