Mai te mea pūhui organic ohie Kei roto pūmua? Hanganga me ngā āhuatanga o ngā mahi

Pūmua tākaro he wāhi nui i roto i te tinana tangata. e hanga e ratou i ai, he aha ratou hanganga me ngā āhuatanga, lau te tuhinga.

mōhiohio General mō pūmua me ratou whakarōpū

Te tikanga o pūmua tāutuhia i roto i te rautau tekau mā iwa. Kua hoatu Scientists he ingoa ki enei matū, "pūmua", e te tikanga "tuatahi, tino." Ko te tauhohe matū e puta i roto i te pūmua, he he āhuatanga nui. hanga ana e ratou te pūtake mō te hanga pūtau hou.

Ko te tino uaua no te mea o te hanganga matatini o ngā rāpoi ngota pūmua me te tokomaha nui o ngā mahi whakamana pūtaiao ki te waihanga i tētahi whakarōpū kotahi. Na reira, whakarōpūtia mōhiotanga e pā ana ki pūmua rite ki te maha paearu:

1. E ai ki te hanganga o ngā matū matū e taea pūmua e ohie matatini ranei. He aha ngā reira o te pūmua ohie, me te matatini? Ko te hanganga o te tuatahi ngā waikawa amino anake. E tapiritia ana te pūmua matatini ki a ratou pūhui pūmua-kore.
2. Na roto i te pūmua taumahinga, ngā pūhui matū waro, rerekē i roto i te maha akomanga:

• pūmua catalytic - whākōkī e mahi i te mahi o te whakatere o te tauhohe matū. Te kore ratou whai wāhitanga i huaina tukanga taea te kōtuitanga me te pirau.

• pūmua Transport here hormones, waikawa ngako, me te maha atu pūhui o te take mai waro me inorganic. I muri i taua tomo i te bloodstream me e kawea ki te rohe o te tinana te wahi e hiahiatia ana e ratou. kaha ēnei pūmua te kawe matū i roto i te whakamahi o koiora kiriuhi, huka, lipids, waikawa amino me katote.
• Pūmua mahi he mahi tautoko. Ki te to ratou whai wāhitanga i hanga kōhiwi pūtau. Ko te tino noa: collagen, mahi te mahi o honotanga kikokiko, whao me te huruhuru keratin, elastin me ētahi atu pūtau iaia. I roto i ngā ki te lipids tohu ratou te pūtake hanganga o te membrane.
• Ko te mahi tiaki o te pūmua. Paturopi (immunoglobulins) here mau i roto i te tinana microorganisms pathogenic, a ka e haamou ratou mana ki runga ki te tinana tangata. Te kore te whai wāhi o te thrombin me pūwētoto he tukanga taea o te upoo- toto.
• Ture mahi - pūmua pupuritia mahi noa o te rauropi, okana, ngā pūtau me ngā tukanga katoa e tupu i roto i te tinana.
• Pūmua horo'a uaua pūtau kaha ki te holomui, na nga nekehanga waka. Mā te whakamahi i te pūmua receptor o te pūtau kaiao kite te mōhiohio i te taiao, te tuku jitters.

He aha e pūmua?

Tenei hanganga pūhui organic macromolecular. He aha ngā reira o pūmua? I roto i to ratou hanganga wāhi te rua tekau momo o ngā toenga waikawa amino i e hono i roto i te raupapa ki te hanga i te mekameka o te roa nui. pūmua rangahau mua i huaina taonga manu hua e coagulates ka wera, a ka hanga he papatipu rewa o ma.

I muri riro te reira i te ingoa o maha matū o te tipu mai i te kararehe ranei, he āhuatanga ōrite. Tau o pūmua i roto i kaiao ora katoa kaha i runga i ētahi atu pūhui. Ko neke atu i te hawhe o te katoa papatipu pūmua ratou taimaha maroke.

Īhaka, i roto i te āhua i reira e ki runga, ki tekau o pirioni o enei pūhui, te whakatū takitahi. Hei tauira: te huakita Escherichia coli e toru mano momo rerekē o pūmua kei roto. Hoki pūmua ngā whākōkī e whai wāhi i roto i te tauhohe matū e puta i roto i ngā pūtau.

Ko te hanganga o te pūmua

Pūmua - Polymers kia aperiodic. Mai te mea pūhui organic ohie Kei roto pūmua? Ratou waetahi e rua tekau momo o ngā waikawa amino. Tei runga i te kaha synthesized i roto i te waikawa amino tinana e faufaa, me te faufaa. Ko te tuatahi i te kaha ki te kia synthesized, me te tuarua - e kore, neke atu i te e, to ratou aroaro i roto i te tinana e tika ana ki te rōpū o te kai.

Mai te mea pūhui organic ohie Kei roto pūmua? Na roto i te amino waikawa hanganga me te wehe tiketike-kōeke pūmua hapa. āhuatanga te rōpū tuatahi e kei roto i te waikawa amino katoa, me te tuarua - i te ngaro o etahi o ratou.

E huaina ohie pūmua kei roto waikawa amino anake. Ki te, i roto i te tua ki te amino waikawa, i reira e te tahi atu wāhanga - uaua. Ka taea e ratou hei konganuku, warowaihā, lipids, waikawa karihi.

pūmua ohie

Mai te mea pūhui organic ohie Kei roto pūmua? Ratou hanganga, e kite i raro. ka karanga pūmua pūmua. Kua wehea nga āhuatanga motuhake ki te rōpū e whai ake nei:

• Albumin - E te kaha ki te tareka i te wai, tepe ka wera, e kore te hohenga ka rongoā o ngā tai.
• Globulins - e kore e memeha i roto i te wai, engari anake i roto i rongoā kukū tote iti.

• Histones - pūmua ko te pūāhua matua i roto i te puka o te nucleoprotein. Ko te wāhi o leukocytes toto, me te he pōro.
• Protamine - ngā ratou kahore whanariki. puta nga āhuatanga kaha taketake. Hei wāhanga o te pūmua - nucleoproteins. He taonga i roto i te parāoa ika ratou.
• Prolamins - ngāwari wairewa i roto i te waipiro. Kei roto ratou pata. Prolamins gliadin Ko māngai - te wāhanga matua o te pumuawiti.
• Scleroproteins i te kaha ki te kore e tareka. Roto i roto i te uhi o waho o nga tinana o te kararehe, te kōhiwi me kopa tūhonohono. Māngai e collagen, keratin, fibroin, elastin.

Mai te mea pūhui organic ohie Kei roto pūmua? ngā ratou o ngā momo rerekē o waikawa amino, me ratou pūmua e rua tekau.

He aha e nga pūmua mahi?

pūhui Organic (pūmua) mahi e rave rahi mahi:

• Te whakarato pūkoro me ngā tukanga ture.
• Te mahi tuku pūmua ki te toto, e whakarato ana te matū e tika ana whekau katoa.
• muka uaua Puka.
• Ko ratou te pūtake o te wheua, me te kiko tūhonohono.
• Whakahaere nakunaku, pūngao pākia.
• ira Mana mahi.
• Tiakina te tinana, te whakarei ake i te wātea i te mate.

warowaihā

Tenei pūhui organic o te take mai tūturu, ka tohutohutia te tinana ki te pūngao. E whānui horahia e ratou i roto i te natura. Ratou rahi i roto i te tipu, ko te whitu tekau ki te waru tekau ōrau o te tapeke taimaha o totoka i roto i te kararehe - e rua anake. Ko te hanganga o te wahi warowaihā o te rōpū carbonyl me te wahi iti o te hydroxyl. Enei pūhui he wahi o ngā pūtau me te kopa i roto i te tinana. He aha e pūhui matū huaina warowaihā? Ko te hanganga te warowaihā ngā hāora, hauwai, te waro. Ahakoa e kitea e ratou ihirangi o te tahi atu āhuatanga, hauota, hei tauira pärönaki o te muri.

Warowaihā - he hua o te ahotakakame. Te kore ratou biosynthesis taea i roto i te tipu, mai he ratou te rauemi tīmata hoki tenei tukanga. Warowaihā, ka rite ki te piha haapiiraa o ngā pūhui matū waro e whakaatu rerenga kētanga nui. Ratou tūranga he āhuatanga matamaha.

warowaihā mahi

pūhui Organic i nga mahi e whai ake nei:

• продукты окисления соединений (глюкоза, гликоген, крахмал) поступают в клетки, заряжая их энергией. Energy - hua piti hāora o te pūhui (kūhuka, glycogen, māngaro) tomo ki te pūtau mā te tohutohutia ratou pūngao. Tata e ono tekau ōrau o te pūngao pau wāhikē e warowaihā, e tuku ona pūtau toto. tukua Energy te ki te roro, te whakapai ake ona mahi.
• mahi kirihou - hononga e whai wāhi nui o ngā hanganga maha ki te taumata pūtau, i roto ratou katoa o nga pūtau o te tinana: kiriuhi koiora, organelles o ngā pūtau. Ki te ratou whākōkī puka awhina, me te tahi atu nucleoproteins.
• mahi tiaki - tukua repe hūpē kaimahi ki te tiaki i nga taiepa i roto o maha whekau rerekē o te pānga houhou: aunoa, matū, kitakita. tutuki tēnei i roto i te ihirangi tiketike o te warowaihā i roto i secretions Kaore.
• mahi ture - warowaihā whakahaere motility, mai te whakamahi o te muka ki tona hanganga pokepoke, irritates te mucosa o te wahi kūnatu.
• mahi motuhake - he rerekē warowaihā. Ki te hua etahi o ratou paturopi, kua whakaratohia pū rōpū toto, i hanga reira whakahaere ponana io.