Manga - he aha te mea tenei? Ariā, whakarōpū me ngā momo o ahumahi

ope hua ahu ki te whakawhanake e tautuhi ana atu te wehenga o te mahi me te mātauranga rāngai o te ōhanga me ratou rōpū. I roto i te horopaki o te ako o ngā tukanga ōhanga, he mea nui ki te whakahoki i te pātai: "? He aha te mea te ahumahi"

Ko te ōhanga motu

ōhanga Maha-hanganga o te ōhanga ā-motu tika ki te aroaro o te tokomaha nui o ngā tukanga production rerekē me ngā tikanga o vahe taonga hangaia.

pūnaha me ngā wāhanga katoa o te pūnaha o te ōhanga ā-motu whakaatu tona hanganga. Ka taea te meinga tona huringa i te whakataki o mua pūtaiao, me te hangarau i roto i ngā tukanga production, huringa pāpori-ōhanga i roto i te hapori, me te tahi atu tukanga ao. He manga hou, me te iti-manga i runga i te whakamārama o te ngaro o te tawhito, ko reira he huringa o te ranunga hua. Manga - Ko te taumata toharite o mahi o te kāwai tonotono-ōhanga o te ōhanga ā-motu. A ka tukua te reira ki te ako mārama atu mahino te tukanga matatini tango wahi i roto i te ōhanga o te ao.

Hanganga matatini ōhanga

Ka taea te wehea Hanganga o te ōhanga rite ki nga paearu e whai ake nei:

1. Rängai (ahumahi - ko te wāhi motuhake i runga i te pāmu): ahuwhenua, ahumahi, waka, etc ...
2. Taumahi (rite ki te mahi): Energy, hanga, engineering, me te tahi atu complexes.
3. Rohe (rite ki wāhi matawhenua i roto i te āhua ngā).

He aha te mea te ahumahi?

A tuatapapa i te hanganga ōhanga o te whenua kei te tühonohono te ki te ariā i mua ia tatou. Na, ngā kaihanga whakarewa katoa riro te ahumahi konganuku, kaimahi katoa - ahuwhenua, me ētahi atu kupu, te ahumahi - .. He huinga o ngā o taonga, hoko i te reira i roto i te mākete kotahi (i roto i te tikanga ao).

I roto i te mahi, Heoi, he maha ngā kaiwhakanao i te wa ano hua e rave rahi ngā momo o ngā hua, na ko reira tika atu ki te whakamāramatanga e whai ake. Manga - he huinga o kaiwhakaari ōhanga, kaihanga o taonga o te tetahi ahua o rere ratou mahi ki te wahi kotahi o te taputapu. kia kawea ai hoko o ngā hua i roto i roto i hokohoko rerekē. Hoki tapatahi, riro te tātaritanga ohaoha reira te e nga kaihanga kotahi hua kotahi pai, te whakatinana i te reira i roto i te mākete taua.

Me pēhea te ki te tautuhi i te hua ngā kiritaki? He kupu taurite ki te kupu "ahumahi" - he peka o te aronga, koia, pau ka waiho ona hua te whakarongo ūnga. Ki te hua kiritaki pai, hoko ka waiho reira taupori te whenua o. Ko te hua i roto i te puka o te painga wā o te moni ki te hunga o te tahi atu wāhanga o te ōhanga. Ko te kupu, ko te umanga mō te tukatuka hiako kararehe hokona hiako rawa waihanga hua āhua-oti, mo te tauira, he wheketere hu. He āhuatanga nui o te ōhanga mākete ko ia faatura i te toenga o te supply me te hiahia i roto i ngā hokohoko ahumahi.

hanganga

Ahumahi - Ko te ariā ohaoha nui tenei, na te ako o tona hanganga, e pā ana ki te ōwehenga hanganga me te whanaungatanga o etahi ahumahi, he mea nui ki te mahino te ngako o ngā tukanga ōhanga.

pāngia te hanganga o te ahumahi nui e āhuatanga maha, te nui te nuinga o nei ko:

• te whakataki o te ahunga whakamua pūtaiao, me te hangarau;
• te māharahara me te toko i te ora;
• paheko, kukū me te whāiti o ngā tukanga whakangao;
• ngā taumata mō te tipu o te ahumahi me katoa o tona iti-rāngai;
• te ao i te wehewehe o te mahi tukanga;
• āhuatanga pāpori me te tōrangapū o te ao;
• tūranga o State i roto i te hokohoko te ao.

Ko te ahu whakamua te nuinga i roto i te take hanganga Manga ka whakaratohia tona mahi e te whakamahi o te ahunga whakamua pūtaiao, me te hangarau, me te whakatinana i ngā tikanga, me ngā puka o te whakahaere ahumahi me te whakamahi o ngā rauemi tangata, me te rauemi whai hua.

whakarōpū

Kei te tata hono te ariā o te ahumahi ki te tukanga o whakarōpū me te whakarāpopoto. Various wāhanga o te ōhanga i roto i te āhuatanga ngā mo etahi rōpū, e taea te mahi rite te taonga rauemi / hua tukanga faitatau ranei. Kei te maha Group o ahumahi tuku ki i te ahumahi.

Katoa te hunga whai wāhi i roto i pōhā (ngā mawhene, taro, pēkere, me pera i runga i. D.), Kia Kia whakarōpūngia i te parāoa ahumahi. Ngä o sweets (ice cream, tiakareti, pōhā), pai integrated ki te toa. "Milkmen" katoa (kaihanga waiu, tīhi, kirīmi kawa) - i roto i te ahumahi miraka. Māra e whai wāhi i roto i te maara o te rakau hua (te terise, paramu, aporo) - i roto i te rākau.

Ki te tirohanga ki te Whānui nui o ngā tukanga ōhanga taea ngā katoa o enei kaihanga i runga i te pūtake o te mahi kai i roto i te ahumahi kai. Ko runga e tenei parau tumu tuu te whakarōpūtanga o ngā ahumahi i roto i te ōhanga hou.

rängai o te ōhanga

Na roto i te raveraa i te reira, e taea te whiwhi koe te maha o ngā ōhanga kotahi nui. Matau ki ta te ahumahi i roto i te ōhanga, ka āwhina i mahi ki taua o hinonga whakatōpū. Ko te kupu, ia o enei rāngai i hanga i runga i te pūtake o te āhua o te hanga o te Whānui. Ki te rā, i reira e te matua e whai ake nei rāngai :

1. Ahuwhenua, ngahere, hopu me te hī.
2. ahumahi Extractive.
3. ahumahi ahumahi.
4. Construction.
5. Electricity, te wai me te hau.
6. Trade: rarawe me te tauhokohoko.
7. Transport ko Logistics.
8. Medicine.
9. Mātauranga.
10. Hotels me wharekai.
11. Finance.
12. ratonga Public.

Ōhanga whaihua ki te ngā rāngai raraunga ki ngā wāhi nui:

1. rāngai production rauemi - i te ahuwhenua ki te hanganga.
2. wāhanga Ratonga (whanaunga fafa) - i hokohoko ki mahi ā-iwi.

e hipokina te huinga o enei rāngai ao e rua tino tukanga whakaputa me te ōhanga katoa i roto i te āhua.

Ko te whakarōpū o ahumahi OKONH

He momo o ngā mahi hanga i nga hinonga o te ōhanga te hiahia mō te whakarōpū me te tono. ma'u Russian o "manga National Economy" Ko te ara o te whakarōpū ngā mahi i roto i ngā wāhanga i roto i te tirohanga o te āhua o ratou mahi, me ngā āhuatanga o te hanganga. Whakakahoretia ana tēnei whakarōpūtanga i roto i 2003, engari ko te ako o te hanganga o te ahumahi he mea tika ki te tīmata ki reira. Ngā momo o rāngai o te ōhanga, kia rite ki te whakarōpūtanga o IBAN, i wehea ki e rua ngā rōpū. whakarārangitia ratou hanganga i roto i Ripanga.

Whakarōpū i te NACE

Ki te rā, te whakarōpū Russian o rāngai o te ōhanga e haere ana i te mahi ohaoha (NACE), e whai wāhi te wehenga o te rōpū e whai ake nei:

tauira mahi

Tetahi o manga ōhanga, ngā rōpū o te rāngai o te ōhanga ranei āhuatanga e te maha o kaimahi, ngā ki te rängai (mahi i roto i te ahumahi keri, hei tauira, e 5% o te katoa te whakahaere kaha mahi). huaina te ōwehenga o te mahi i roto i te rāngai rerekē o te ōhanga ko te hanganga o te mahi, me te tei runga i te hua o kaimahi me te tono mō te ngā taonga.

Na me pehea Ko te tohatoha anō o te pūnaha i te ōhanga motu? Ko te hanganga o te mahi ko tata tūhono ki ngā huringa i roto i te motu ōhanga. whakaata te reira i te āhuatanga ōhanga, pāpori, tatauranga, me te tahi atu o te mahi o te hapori.

Ko te hanganga o te mahi ngā maha ngā wāhanga:

1. Public-tūmataiti:

• mahi i roto i te rängai tümatanui o te ōhanga;
• mahi i roto i te rāngai tūmataiti.

2. Social - he whakaata o te hanganga o te piha haapiiraa o te hapori, te ōwehenga o te taupori ki te taumata rerekē o te ora.

3. Ahumahi - whakaata te tohu o te whanaketanga o rāngai o te ōhanga o te kāwanatanga.

4.-Rohe - pānga te mahi e whai ake nei o öhanga rohe:

• whakamahi o ngā rauemi mahi;
• te taumata o te whanaketanga o te rauemi tūturu o te rohe;
• taumata o te mahi ohaoha;
• te ōwehenga o te taupori mahi.

5. tohu ngaio - whakarato mōhiohio e pā ana ki te maha me te ngaio o te kaimahi i roto i te rohe.

6. Ira me te tau.

7. Family - e āhuatanga e te āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• Whakaatu te reira i te huru ōhanga whānui o te whenua;
• te taumata o te moni whānau ko tika ti'aturi i runga i ngä tohu taupori, ara tahuti me te hua;
• kia tango whakarerekētanga ohaoha wahi i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapai ake i te taumata ōhanga o te mau utuafare pukumahi.

8. Te motu - ka whakakore i te hanganga o nga rauemi mahi i runga i te kaupapa motu.

Ko nga hono katoa e hono ana i roto i te ahumahi o te motu, kaore e taea te wehe motuhake.