Mari Republic: te whakaahuatanga, te pa, te rohe, me ngā meka ngā

Mari Republic (Mari El) - tetahi o te Russian Federation, e whai ratou ake āhua. Tenei hanganga, kei roto i te wahi Pākehā o Russia, whai mana motuhake mai te wa Soviet. Ko te tino ahurei tenei rohe, me te he o te moni mo te rangahau i roto i ngā mara. Kia whiwhi a ki te mohio he aha te tikanga i te Mari Republic me ona iwi.

hea, ao

Kei te Republic o Mari El te i roto i te rawhiti o te wahi Pākehā o te Russian Federation. I roto i te raki me te uru o te tumu parau o te Kotahitanga i runga i te rohe o te rohe Nizhny Novgorod i te raki me te rawhiti - ki te rohe o Kirov, i roto i te tonga-rawhiti - ki te Republic o Tatarstan, a i roto i te tonga - Chuvashia.

Kei Mari Republic te i roto i te rohe makariri hitahita ki te momo āhuarangi continental hitahita.

Ko te rohe o tenei kaupapa o te Federation ko 23.4 mano sq. M. km, i te mea he taupū 72-m roto i rohe katoa o te whenua.

Ko te whakapaipai o te Mari Republic - Yoshkar-Ola

Poto Papamuri Historical

Na he iti titiro ki te hītori o te Republic o Mari El.

Mai nga wa onamata, i nohoia tenei rohe e ngā iwi o Finno-Ugric, e, i roto i te meka, ko te iwi pekanga o te Republic. I roto i te meatanga onamata i huaina ai Cheremisses, ahakoa karangatia e ratou Mari.

I muri i te hanganga o te iwi Golden Horde ka haere a Mari ki tona hanganga, me muri i te parariraa o te kāwanatanga i runga i te wahi o nga takoha parahi o te Kazan Khanate. Nā ki te hanumi, o Kazan Ivanom Groznym i 1552 ka te whenua wahi o te kingitanga Mari Russian. Ahakoa ka mau Cheremisses iwi Western raraunga Russian noa mua, a i iriiria. I muri i taua, He mea paihere te kōrero o Mari ki o Russia te whakarau.

Otiia kihai i etahi iwi Mari hiahia kia tango noa raraunga Russian. Na reira, i tohua te wā mai i 1552 i runga i 1585 i te maha o pakanga Cheremis nei whāinga i takoha iwi Mari ki te tango i raraunga Russian. Nāwai i hinga Mari, a he nui iti o ratou tika. Otiia i roto i nga tau o muri mai, kua ratou mātātoa wāhi i roto i ngā whakakeke, hei tauira, te tutu Pugachev i 1775.

Na, ka anga Mari ki te tango ahurea Russian. Kua whakawhanakehia e ratou ona ake hōtuhi e hāngai ana i runga i te Cyrillic pū, me muri i te whakatuwheratanga o te haapiiraa evanelia Kazan, i taea ki te tiki i te mātauranga pai etahi māngai o te iwi.

I muri ka haere mai nga mua ki kaha i hanga Mari motuhake Oblast i 1920. I roto i te 1936, i hanga e te Mari motuhake Republic i runga i tona pūtake (MASSR). I te ahiahi o te Soviet Union, i 1990, i whakarite anōtia e ai ki te Mari Republic.

I muri i te tiango o te Soviet Union me te hanganga o te Russian Federation, ka tetahi o nga kaupapa o te kāwanatanga te Mari Republic, ranei e kiia ana ko roto i te ara i tetahi atu, te Republic o Mari El. E whakarato ana te Ture e te mātauranga tūmatanui whakamahi tika o enei tūemi.

taupori o te whenua

Ko te taupori o te Mari Republic tēnei wā tu i 685,9 mano. People. Ko reira noa te hua 66-th i roto i ngā kaupapa katoa Russian Fédérations.

Te kiato taupori i roto i te whenua, ko te 29.3 tangata / sq. M. km. No te whakarite: i roto i te taupū Nizhegorodskaya rohe rite ko 42,6 tangata / sq M.. km, Chuvashia -. 67,4 tangata / sq km. km, a i roto i te rohe o Kirov -. 10.8 tangata / sq km. km.

Ahakoa te meka e iwi taketake, me te wāhanga o Mari El ko Mari, i te kau ratou - e kore te rōpū matawaka tino maha o te whenua. Ko te nuinga i roto i te taupori o tenei rohe Russian. Ua riro raua na 45.1% o te tapeke taupori o te Federation. Mari Ko 41.8 anake% kei roto i te whenua. Te tatauranga whakamutunga, i roto i nei Mari numera i kaha i runga i te Russian, i hanga i roto i te 1939.

I roto i ētahi atu iwi e tino maha Tatars. moni ratou tau ki te 5.5% o te tapeke o noho i roto i te Mari-El. I tua atu, i roto i te whenua e ora Chuvash, Ukrainian, Udmurt, Belarusian, Mordvins, Ararata, Azerbaijanis, me nga Tiamana, engari he tino iti ake i taua o nga iwi i faahitihia e toru o ratou tau.

Tohatoha o akonoanga

I roto i te Mari El horahia te maha tika nui o akonoanga rerekē. I roto i tenei take, i tāutuhia 48% ratou rite Karaitiana Siu, e 6% Muslim me 6% - kaitautoko o te haapa'oraa etene tawhito o Mari. Heoi, e pā ana ki 6% o te taupori - he atheists.

I tua atu ki te hāhi i runga ake, te rohe e te hapori Katorika me te hapori o ngā faaroo Porotetani.

wehenga whakahaere

Ko te Republic o Mari El, ngā o wha rohe me toru nga pa o te subordination rohe (Yoshkar-Ola, Volzhsk ko Kozmodemyansk).

Ko te wāhanga tino kapi o te Republic o Mari: Medvedevsky (67.1 mano Inh ..), Venigovsky (42.5 mano Inh ..), Soviet (29.6 mano Inh ..), Morkinsky (29.0 mano Inh ..). Fakasiokālafi, te nui rawa ko Kilemarsky District (3.3 mano sq. Km.).

Yoshkar-Ola - te whakapaipai o te Mari-El

Ko te pa o Yoshkar-Ola te whakapaipai o te Mari Republic. Kei te tū ana te reira i āhua i te pokapū o te rohe. I tēnei wā, i reira e pā ana ki 265,0 mano. Kainoho i te mātotoru o te taupori o 2640,1 tangata / sq. M. km.

I roto i Iwi nuinga e Russian, ki te ara ake i korerotia atu i roto i te whānui i roto i te whenua. Ratou tau, ko te 68% o te taupori katoa. Maris whai whai ratou he mahara motuhake o te 24%, ko Tatar - 4.3%.

whakaturia te pa i hoki i roto i te 1584 rite te pā hōia Russian. Mai i töna tïmatanga, a ka huaina a reira Tsarevokokshaisk tae noa ki 1919. I roto i te 1919, i muri i te Bolshevik Revolution, i te ingoa Krasnokokshaysk. I te tau 1927 ka whakaritea e te reira ki te whakaingoa i te reira ki Yoshkar-Ola, ina whakamaoritia, ko i te Mari rite "pa whero".

I tēnei wā, Yoshkar-Ola - he pokapū āhua nui rohe ki te hanganga whakawhanakehia, ahumahi me te ahurea.

Ētahi atu lepupilika pa

Ko tino iti iho i te Yoshkar-Ola te toenga o te pa o Mari Republic. Ko te nui rawa o ratou Volzhsk kua he taupori o 54,6 mano. People, i te mea tata e rima nga wa iti iho i te i roto i te pane.

Ētahi atu pa i roto i te rohe e taea whakamanamana ara iti te iwi. Na, i roto i Kozmodemyansk ora 20.5 mano iwi i roto i te Medvedevo - .. 18.1 mano iwi, Zvenigovo - .. 11.5 mano iwi, i roto i te kainga Soviet - .. 10.4 mano iwi ..

Ko te toe whakataunga o te käwanatanga i te taupori o iti iho i te 10,000 te iwi.

whenua manapori hanganga

I roto i te rite ki ētahi atu rohe o te hanganga Russian Mari Republic, hāunga te pa o Yoshkar-Ola, e kore e taea e huaina he pai whakawhanakehia-.

I roto i te whenua i reira ko te kotahi anake rererangi kei roto i tona pane. I tua atu, kua 2 teihana pahi, me te 51 pahi i te rohe. kanohi waka Railway e teihana ma wha.

Kei te maha Whare o Mari käwanatanga hanga o te rakau. Kua tēnei rauemi kua whakamahia hoki rau o nga tau hei pai mo enei wahi. Painga i roto i te rakau rohe ngaro. Otiia i te wa ano, ake me te ake whare tiketike-ara e hanga me nga whare o rauemi whare hou.

Mai i hanga te timatanga o te mano tau i roto i te pane a Yoshkar-Ola mahi anō nui-tauine ki whakahokia urupa ahurea, me te hoahoanga o te pa.

ōhanga o te republic

I roto i te wāhanga o te ahumahi metalworking tino matatau me te te engineering aunoa. He hoki kamupene mahi i roto i te ngahere, pueru, me te kai ahumahi. Tata hāngai production katoa te i roto i te pa o Yoshkar-Ola me Volzhsk.

I roto i te ahuwhenua, te atu pea te whanaketanga o te kararehe, te nuinga kararehe me poaka. mätanga Crop i roto i te whakatipu i te hua e whai ake nei: pata, te muka, hua pewa, rīwai me ētahi atu huawhenua.

tāpoi

Nui pea ngā rauemi hākinakina he rongonui Mari Republic. Recreation i roto i te rohe, o te akoranga, rerekē i te Haerea moana mua, engari he kaha ki te kawe kahore iti, a pea atu ara fun. rangi Clean, kukū nei ki pare pito o tenei rohe e kore e taea te whakakapi i tetahi mea.

O ngā tuhipoka ko te roto i te Mari Republic. he tokomaha nui o ratou te rohe kua, a he ratou o nui te pānga ki tūruhi. Ngā taa'eraa roto Kulikovo tata te pa o Volzhsk.

Hoki te hunga haere e hiahia ki te noho whakaritenga, whakatuwhera ratou tatau ki ngā pokapū rēhia, puni me sanatoriums Mari Republic o ngā tamariki.

meka ngā

Ko reira taa'eraa e, ahakoa te iwi pekanga o Mari El ko Mari, te nuinga o noho a te rohe - matawaka Russian.

I mua ki te hanganga i roto i te tau 1920 o te Mari motuhake Region i Mari kihai i tona whaiaro ake, a kua wehea te rohe o reira Republic o Mari El roto e rave rahi kawanatanga.

Waho te Mari Republic he kāinga ki te tokomaha piki o Mari, atu i roto i te reira.

āhuatanga General o te Mari Republic

Ahakoa te Mari Republic, a kore e taea te huaina he rohe ahumahi matatau o Russia, kua he pūmanawa nui te Region. Ko tōna taonga matua - pakeke-mahi te iwi. Te nuinga o nga tangata o te rohe - mātāwaka Russian me Mari. Region uaua kapi me kua kotahi anake pa, e taea te huaina herenga nui - te whakapaipai o Yoshkar-Ola.

I tua atu ki te kaha tangata, mohiotia Mari Republic te katoa i runga i Russia me te ake rauemi hākinakina ahurei. hararei Healthy i roto i te rohe, ko te taea e ki te whakaora i te maha nui o mate.