Midshipmen - e kore te reira noa te pūāhua o te kiriata fifi

I muri i te tuku o te kiriata 1988 whakahaua e Svetlana Druzhininoj "Naval tauira hōia, Whakamua!" E rave rahi o te iteraa e ataahua kupu ke putanga i roto i te taitara, he pā ana ki te taua rite e o te musketeer. Ko, te midshipmen - he upoko tomo taitama tangata ataahua, e tonu whawhai ki hoari, hoiho eke pai, me to ratou whai wāhi mātātoa i roto i te whanoke whare pā te akoranga o te hītori. Koperea atu kiriata e pā ana ki te hokohoko atu o nga mōrearea o te anake whakapumautia tenei tirohanga. Ko tenei kupu whakakake he ona hītori ake, e hiahia kahore ope embellishment o novelists hītori.

Midshipmen - ko wai te mea tenei?

Seven de moana ( "haumaru moana") - ko te paetukutuku manuao, i whakapumautia e te kaiwhakarewa o te kaipuke Russian e Pita te nui ki te whakakapi i te ingoa "Navigator" a tono ratou i te reo Wīwī. ¶ Na i te 1716 i roto i te akomanga translation, ako'i rangatira kaipuke heke mai o te kura Moscow o Mathematical ko whakatere Sciences, i vai na hoki e pā ana ki te 15 nga tau, ki te whakapaipai hou. I roto i te St. Petersburg, i runga i to ratou pūtake i whakapumautia e te Naval Academy.

I roto i te whakaaro o Pita, ko te taitara takawaenga: midshipmen ko te hunga e pai te ako i te ariā tika, engari no te mea o te kore o ngā pūkenga mahi, me te wheako e kore e rite mō te mahi tonu rite te āpiha manuao. E whakawhiwhia taitara ki paetahi o te Academy i mua te tuku ia ratou ki te kaipuke, i reira riro ratou pūkenga mahi i roto i te kaumoana, me i te kaimahi whakahau o nga kauhoe moana. Tei runga i te tūranga matua, i wehea ratou ki tuakana, me te teina.

"I roto i te whawhai - hoia, i roto i te akoranga - te heramana '

State midshipmen tuatahi i te kuao kaipuke Russian i whakaritea i roto i te nui o 300 iwi. Mau i te puka motuhake - te kākahu o te hoia Preobrazhensky, riro ratou ihirangi rite ki te moni o tahua o hoia i roto i te Guard, i titore hoki ratou i kaumoana noa. Otiia i roto i te mahi i ratou, kia rite ki te tūtohinga, te whakamahia reira rite nga whakahau raro, ki te mau ohipa rite.

Faatura ki te tautoko o taua i te rarangi tāngata i uaua. kihai i taea e ratou matau: tauira hōia - ko wai te mea tenei? kite ratou i te mahi o te ora moana i te raro, drayat rahoraho, me te piki i te rewa, whakaturia nga rā, tahi ki te kaipuke noa. I te wa ano i ratou ki te mamae whakangungu ia ki te take o rangatira manuao kaiwhakatere, te whakahaere kaipuke o pū ahi me te whai wāhi i roto i te whakangungu whawhai ki te pū. i ratou ki te whakahaere i ia te wā "moheni puteplavaniya", i whakahaere aroturuki o ratou whakangungu. A, no te puta ngakau nui midshipman whakaaro ki te mahi, me te ki rangatira whakangungu mahi i "He tohu e whakaae ana", i ko te whakauru ki te whakamätautau i te whakamana. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te tauira hōia - huaina ko reira, e kore ika ranei manu, a rite te roa rite kore ratou e haere i te tamataraa hopea, e kore i taea te whakaaro he rangatira manuao tonu-parirau.

kamupene midshipman

I muri i te matenga o Pita hanga reira he brainchild tino - te kaipuke Russian - timata ki te āta peka. i heke ratou i roto i te rahinga me te gardemariny. arahina tenei ki te meka i hanumi ratou ki tetahi kamupene i te Naval Academy, a ka whakatutehu reira e rave rahi mau taime i St Petersburg ki Kronstadt me hoki. ako Winter tauira hōia i te wänanga, mahi raumati i te marae, engari maha hoki o te tau iti o manuao i ngā tauranga i mahi i runga i nga rangatira kore-i whakahau ano (NCO) tūranga. Na i uru midshipman ki te whakamātautau mō te paetukutuku āpiha whakamana e kore e iti iho i te 7 tau o te mahi, engari i muri i whai wāhi i roto i kaupapa e toru, a anake ka reira he mahi o te rangatira.

I roto i te 1752, i whakakorea te midshipman Naval Academy me kamupene, a ka wahi o whakapumautia Marine Cadet Corps. Na, ako nga rangatira manuao heke mai mō ngā tau e toru. tauira hōia Erihāpeti - ko te ākonga whakamutunga tau, me te hunga e tae te rua tuatahi i huaina, tauira hōia. I muri ka mohiotia rite midshipmen ākonga o motuhake katoa - engineering, pū, me ētahi atu - .. akoranga Marine. whakakorea te kapatanga Combatant o midshipman i roto i te Navy.

rangatira manuao whakahou pūnaha whakangungu

tonu tenei āhuatanga hoki tata he rau. Na roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XIX te whakahau o te tāruru Russian, ka reira mārama e homai te paetukutuku o rangatira ki te tangata taitama i muri tonu i te tau kura he poauau. Tuatahi, i runga i te Black Moana tāruru i Nikolaev, i whakapumautia he kamupene tūmataiti o tauira hōia, me te taitara combatant hou whakaurua i roto i te tau 1860. Ko te reira tauira hōia - ko te ahua o te hoki ki te takenga mai o Pita o. Ko te whakaaro o ratou whakatū i roto i te Navy ko te hiahia ki te hoatu iwi taitamariki - paetahi o te Corps a Nikolaev kamupene midshipman Naval Cadet - e pā ana me te kaumoana.

Na roto i te ona midshipmen kaipuke tūnga tuhituhi reta rūtene ope. kakahu ratou kākahu o te rangatira, a ka riro utu motuhake. I muri i nga tau e rua o te mahi, i runga i te kupu tohutohu o te whakahau, i uru ratou ki te whakamātautau mahi i te paetukutuku o te āpiha whakamana.

Ehara i te mea noa 1882, i te mea kua hoki mai ano te taitara o tauira hōia ki nga ākonga o akoranga matua o te Marine Corps, e i tīkina mahi i roto i te haerenga moana tawhiti i runga i te poari motuhake. I te mutunga o ana ākonga haere te whakamātautau whakamutunga, me te riro midshipmen. Muri i hoatu taitara midshipman me ngā ākonga o ngā akoranga tuarua, me te motuhake ki te kuhimua "teina".

I roto i te 1906, i muri i te hinga Russian i roto i te whawhai ki a Japan, te ohipa tika o te taitara o taitamariki paetahi ketia ratou tuku ki te Navy rite te midshipman, me o ratou-tau kotahi kaipuke ke-haerenga i roto i te whawhai. Ia tau i roto i te moana nui, ka mahue te wehe whakangungu rawa rawe o te maha kaipuke. haere mai Whakamātautau mō te rangatira manuao teina i runga i tona hokinga mai i tenei pakanga.

I roto i ngā wā Soviet, i whakakorea te ana'iraa o te midshipman.

Ko te āhuatanga o nāianei

tauira hōia o teie mahana - he aha te mea te reira? Nuinga o ngā wā, i te pera-ka karanga ngā ākonga o motuhake pūtahi mātauranga pērā i te whakapaipai o te kura Tuatahi Marine Cadet ranei ākonga Nakhimov Naval kura. Otiia tupu te reira kaua ngā me ōpaki.

E kore e pera i mua i reira nga pūrongo i runga i teuteu mo te shooting o te Pāoa i muri ki te kiriata fifi, kia taea e koe mohio e ka ora tenei kupu whakakake i roto i to tatou reo, me te ake.