Mikhail Kalatozov: biography, filmography, whakaahua

whakakitea tenei tangata i tona taranata faahiahia i roto i te maha tūranga. ka ia rongonui rite te screenwriter me rite te kaiwhakahaere, me te rite te kaiwhakahaere. Mikhail Kalatozov tohua tohu whaimana, he hoki te rangatira o "nui" ka ūhia. I runga i te mea he rota o tuhinga, me tuhinga e pā ana ki te mau fifi o tona ora nekehia atu rite nui rite e rua ngā pakipūmeka i tuhituhia. He aha ko te ara auaha o te maestro? Whakaaroa tenei pātai i roto i te taipitopito atu.

mōhiohio haurongo

whanau Kalatozov Mihail Konstantinovich i roto i te pane o Georgia Hakihea 28, 1903. ko ona matua i te whānau tawhito rangatira Amiredzhebi. Matua keke o te kaiwhakahaere i mua nei i mahi ia rite whānui i te kingi ia. Me kï reira e te whenua Kalatozova pinepine tae mai e te māngai o te intelligentsia rohe, e aroha ana ki te kōrero e pā ana ki o te whenua te whakarau. Otiia ka haere mai te Oketopa Revolution, i hanga whakatikatika ki o te tamaiti te whakarau.

Tīmata o te mahi

I roto i te 1917, Mikhail Kalatozov, nei biography, tino tika whakaaro motuhake, ka anga ia ki te whiwhi i te ora. mahi ia me te kaimahi, ko te kaimahi, me te taraiwa.

I roto i te 1923, haere te tangata taitamariki ki te mahi i runga i te studio kiriata tāone tuatahi rite te taraiwa, a ka - te projectionist. Itoito me waiaro haepapa hohoro kite te tangata taitama, a inaianei Mikhail Kalatozov āwhina i runga i te huinga. I muri i te tahi mau wa i whakaaetia ai i te tūnga o te ētita, me te kaikāmera. I roto i tona mahi i te studio Tbilisi timata te tangata taitamariki ki te titiro i te te maha o mahi, i hangatonu pe ta'efakahangatonu i whai wāhi i roto i te pikitia.

Trial poihau Kalatozova rite te kaituhi ko te kiriata "Ko te Tariel Mklavadze", koperea Ivanom Perestiani i 1925. I muri i te tahi mau wa, whai wāhi kē Mikhail Kalatozov me rite te kaituhi, me te rite te kaiwhakahaere i roto i te "gulli" peita me "toto gypsy". I roto i te tika kia tuhia te reira e kore te te kaihanga o te kiriata rongonui "E Flying te Cranes" roaa rongonui nui rite te kaiwhakaari, ahakoa tona ahua marutuna, engari ana mahi directorial nga nohoanga me awheawhe. Mikhail Kalatozov, nei kiriata e undeniably ngā i roto i te taonga motu Cinématographe, mo te wa tuatahi ki te whakamātau i ia i roto i te kaha hou i te mutunga o nga 20.

kaiwhakahaere o te mahi

mahi tuatahi Maestro ko te kiriata "ratou Basileia", i whakahaua e ia i roto i te mahi tahi ki a Nutsoy Gogobiridze. Kua i roto i tenei pikitia timata Mikhail Kalatozov ki whakaatu individualism tapahia, te hanga pānga ahurei me koki rama, te whakatutuki i te mōrahi o ngā kaitapere talena i roto i te pūāhua. I roto i te 1930 Ko kē he tangata taitamariki e kotahi te kiriata puku i huaina "Tote o Svaneti", e te parau e pā ana ki te ora o te hapori motuhake.

A, no te whakamahia aua tānga Michael K. rauemi taketake o te momo pakipūmeka, i taea ki te tu atu ki te whakapuaki etahi i roto i te huringa o mahere ia, hanga i mauruuru tenei mahi e fakaangá kiriata rite "pai".

huringa pae tino o te pere

Ko te tau o te kiriata puku āta haere mai ki a noa iho, a kihai te mea tonu e taea ki te hopu ngā hou i roto i te toi i te maestro. hanga te 1932nd Mikhail Kalatozov te kiriata "te titi i roto i tona whawhai," engari haere hia te mahi i roto i te whakarongo. Ko te tino mauiui te kore o te kiriata kaiwhakahaere Hōriana. whakatau ia ki te waiho mahi i runga i te wā i runga i te huinga. Maestro haere ki ako i te State Academy Art o me muri ka te matenga o te studio Tbilisi Central. Te riroraa i roto i tenei tūranga, Mikhail Kalatozov (ingoa tūturu - Kalatozishvili) Kei te whakahaere hanganga i roto i te tukanga kiriata, whakahou taputapu, me te mahi wāhi mo te whakaaturanga.

Heoi, kei te pai taua innovations e kore rawa nga mana katoa, me te i muri i te ia i te whakapanga te maestro o "whakatō te Modernism bourgeois." ka tono tangata Kalatozov ki te pa i runga i te Neva.

E hoki ki te kaiwhakahaere

I roto i te mutunga o te 30 o kua kite i te maestro mahi i "Lenfilm", e timata pihinga i te kiriata "Loto-to'a." I te tau 1941 mai i roto i te whare ko tetahi pikitia o te kaiwhakahaere - "Valery Chkalov". kiriata rua korero e pā ana ki te mahi o kaiurungi Soviet, reira, i te angitu pahika ki te whakarongo. Ko te wahi o te fakaangá kiriata rite Chkalov, engari te ahua o te protagonist takaro e Vladimir Belokurova hei te tauira ki te whai.

Mikhail Kalatozov nei whakaahua i muri i "Valery Chkalov" Ka tā katoa o nga niupepa motu, karangatia i roto i te kiriata e pā ana ki kaiurungi mahi o kaiwhakaari tairanga - Serafim Birman, Arkadiya Raykina, Mark Bernes. Kua whakaratohia No maestro iti rongonui kiriata "Invincible," i tangohia e ia i runga i te par ki te kaiwhakahaere rongonui Sergei Gerasimov i 1942.

mahi noa atu

I roto i te 1943 kaiwhakahaere ka whakawhitia Mikhail Kalatozov ki te pou whakahaere, me te poto tonoa ki te bourgeois US. Here, ka mahi ia kia rite ki te māngai haamanahia o te Komiti Cinema o te pikitia Soviet. whakarau ki waho ka pana te reira i te reira ki tairanga te rau tau Litsedeyami XX - Charlie Chaplin, Jean Gabin, Anri Matissom.

Mai i US maestro ka kawea hangarau hou ki te kopere kiriata, a ka tīmata ake i te studio "Mosfilm". I muri, ka tangohia e ia i runga i rite matenga o te Main Directorate o te toi o Cinematography, a ka te pou haepapa o Minita Tuarua o Cinematography o te Soviet Union. Heoi, ka utu kaiwhakahaere Michael K. mahi he rota o te whakarongo.

Tonu o te mahi kia rite ki te kaiwhakahaere

I roto i te 50-doma i roto i te mata Soviet whakaatu tetahi kiriata huaina Kalatozova "He he te whakatakotoria o te meake" Wirth hāngai nui. Hoki tenei mahi, whakawhiwhia te maestro i te Stalin paraihe. Na ka tangohia e atu e ia tona kiriata "kaikiri tukauati", ki tonu nei i te pānga tōrangapū nui. I roto i te 1954 puta ia i te kaiwhakahaere ki te mahi i runga i te pukuhohe Sapphire "hoa True", e te aroha tonu i te minenga kāinga o te whakatupuranga kaumatua. Na, o te akoranga, ko reira utu te tuhituhi wehe faauruhia Soviet "te Cranes E Flying", te hanganga o nei mahi Michael K. i 1957.

Kua riro tenei kōrero humanistic o te pakanga mo te rangimarie, he aronui o te pikitia Soviet. I roto i te 1964, ka kite te whakarongo te kiriata "ahau - Cuba", te hōtuhi hoki i tuhituhi Kalatozov ki rohi pehe Evgeniem Evtushenko. maestro kiriata Last ko "te tapenakara Red" (1969). kōrero o te kēmu - te kōrero o te faaoraraa o te ope neke o Umberto Nobile.

ora whaiaro

Ko te kaiwhakahaere kiriata rongonui, riro i roto i 1965 te taitara o te Artist o tangata o Georgia, a i roto i 1969 - i te taitara o te Artist o tangata o te USSR, i marenatia ki te tamahine o te kairauhī o Itari Jeanne Valatsi. ka mau ratou i mohio wahi i roto i te hararei i roto i Batumi. I roto i te mutunga o 20-doma o te maestro i ia he tama George, e tonu i muri te whare o tona papa. Tau hohoro i muri riro tuku ASSR raraunga Hōriana. Heoi, te faaipoiporaa ki te manene, Mikhail Konstantinovich i muri i te i hinga: mahue te kaiwhakahaere kua Georgia, a noho Jeanne me tana tama i roto i Tiflis.

E ai ki tona mokopuna, Kalatozov, ahakoa te break taimaha ki te whānau, ko te tangata hari, no te mea i reira e taea ki te whakatutuki i te katoa ia te mea hiahia i te ora. Te riroraa i roto i te pane a te raki, te kaiwhakahaere te hiaai rahi i roto i te aroha ki te kaitapere Elenu Yunger, engari i kore meake reira ki te kia tahi. mate Michael K. Maehe 26, 1973, a ka tanumia ia i roto i te urupā i te pane Novodevichy.