Momo whakahaere Modern o te ako

Theory me mahi o te whakangungu kaiako ngā te whānui o ngā puka momo. Te takenga mai, kukuwhatanga me te ngaro o etahi momo pā ana ki te whakaritenga hou e ara ake i roto i te hapori. Ia wāhanga rau ona tohu, na e pā te whanaketanga o te muri. I roto i te hononga ki tenei pūtaiao kei tokomaha mōhiotanga e pā ana ki te momo me ngā puka o te mātauranga. didactics Modern ngā whakahauanga, kōwhiringa, te kāinga, akoranga akomanga wehewehea ki frontal, rōpū me mau haapiiraa takitahi.

kupu

M. A. Molchanova faaite te whakahaere momo o te ako rite te anga mita, arā, o te te ihirangi me te puka. IM Cheredov tuhipoka e te arotahi matua o te puka whakahaere ko ki te mahi i te mahi kōmitimiti. hāngai ana tēnei whakamāramatanga kei i runga i te meka e i roto i tata puka katoa ko nga āhuatanga matua o te tukanga mātauranga. tohe I. F. Harlamov e kore anake e kore e tika e taea te whakatau i te reira te mea momo whakahaere o whakangungu, engari ano hoki i roto i te parau tumu i roto i didactics kore e taea te kitea mārama whakaahuatanga o te wā.

mahi

I roto i te whānui, i te whakaaro o nga kairangahau katoa, ko te ki te whakarite kia nga mahi e mahi nga momo whakahaere o te tukanga ako, whakatairanga i te whanaketanga ngaio o te kaiako me te whanaketanga whaiaro ngā ākonga.

Ko te rārangi o nga āhuatanga matua ngā:

1. Mātauranga - te hoahoa me te whakamahi o tenei puka ki te whiwhi i te tikanga whai hua tino mo te supply o te matauranga ki tamariki, me te te hanganga o waiaro me ngā pūkenga whakapai ake.
2. Mātauranga - te whakarato i te whakataki poua o nga ākonga i roto i katoa o ngā mahi. Hua - whanaketanga hinengaro, te tāututanga o ngā āhuatanga tuakiri morare, me te aronganui.
3. Organization - ako raupapa o te hanganga me ngā taputapu ki te arotau i te tukanga mātauranga.
4. Psychology - te whanaketanga o te tukanga hinengaro e te tauturu i te tukanga akoranga.
5. Development - te hanga o ngā āhuatanga hāngai ki te whakatinanatanga ki tonu o te mahi hinengaro.
6. Tono me te hanganga - hanga raupapa me te arorau donosimogo rauemi ki ngā ākonga.
7. Whakawhāititanga me te ruruku - takotoranga momo katoa o te whakangungu ki te whakanui ake i te tōtika o te tukanga akoranga.
8. Whakaongaonga - he hua o te hiahia ki te ako i nga mea hou i roto i ngā rōpū tau rerekē.

whakaako frontal

He āhuatanga i reira mahi he kaiako whakaako me te mahi hinengaro piha whanaunga, kei te mahi nei i runga i te mahi kotahi, he tauira o te whakahaere pokepokea mua. momo whakahaere o te mātauranga o tenei momo tangohia i runga i te kaiako te kawenga mō te whakahaere o te mahi tahi o ngā ākonga, me te mo te hanganga o te tere noa te mahi. Kia pehea te pedagogically whai hua whakangungu frontal, tei reira ki runga ki te kaiako. Ki te he ia mātanga, me te ngāwari pupuri ana te kanohi i runga i te piha haapiiraa i roto i te puranga katoa, me ia ākonga i roto i ngā, he tiketike te tōtika. Otiia e kore e ko te rohe tenei.

Whanaketanga o ngā momo whakahaere o te mātauranga arahina ki te meka e ki te whakapai ake i te tōtika o te whakaako frontal te kaiako me te waihanga i tētahi huru auaha e whakakotahi te ngātahi, me te whakaū i te aro me te hiahia kaha o ngā ākonga. He mea nui ki te matau, e kore e te whakaako frontal whakapae he i puta ke o ngā ākonga i runga i ngā tawhā takitahi. Ie e ako katoa wahi i roto i te reiti taketake tātai mo te ākonga toharite. arata'i tenei ki te ërä me hōhā.

whakangungu rōpū

Ngā momo o ngā momo whakahaere o te mātauranga ngā ano te puka rōpū. Hei wāhanga o te whakangungu rōpū tā whakangungu me wā mātauranga e hāngai ana i te rōpū o ngā ākonga. Kei te wahia tēnei puka ki wha momo:

• o te hono (te hanganga o te rōpū tūturu mo te whakahaere o te tukanga ako);
• Kaipuke (hāngai ana ki te hanga i te rōpū rangitahi ki te mahi i ngā mahi kaupapa motuhake);
• ngātahi-rōpū (kuru piha katoa ki ngā rōpū, i ia o nei he kawenga mō te mahia o tetahi o nga wahi o te tohutoro rōrahi);
• differentially-rōpū (rōpū o ngā ākonga i roto i rua ngā rōpū pūmau, me te poto, ratou āhuatanga noa mō ia huanga: e taea e te reira i te taumata o te matauranga tīariari, te nui wāhitanga pea taua ki pūkenga matatau).

pā hoki te mahi Pair ki te whakangungu rōpū. Tirotiro te mahi o te rōpū ia ko ia he kaiwhakaako, me nga kaiāwhina tonu: kau taki kapa me te rangatira rōpū, te whakaaro o i hāngai te i runga i te whakaaro o ngā ākonga.

whakangungu takitahi

rerekē momo whakahaere o te akoranga i te tahi e te tahi tohu o whakapā ki te ākonga. Ko te kupu, ka whakangungu takitahi e kore e tūmanakohia whakapā tika. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, e taea te huaina tenei hanga whaiaro-mahi o te mahi o ngā mahi ki te taua mo te matatini piha katoa. He mea nui ki te matau, ki te homai te kaiako te ākonga te mahi rite ki o ratou whai wāhitanga mātauranga, me te e mahi ai, whakawhanake reira ki te puka takitahi o te whakangungu takitahi.

Hei whakatutuki i tēnei whāinga, āhuatanga e te whakamahi o kāri motuhake. Kēhi i reira ka karanga te nuinga o te Tutor te hopoia rite te kaiako mahi ki te maha o ngā ākonga, ko te akoranga takitahi-rōpū.

momo whakahaere o te whakangungu (ngā tepu)

He āhuatanga motuhake o ia o nga momo o te ako ko te tohu rerekē o te whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga o te whakaako me te ako ngā mahi o te kaiako me te piha haapiiraa. I roto i te tikanga ki te matau i enei rerekētanga i roto i te mahi, kia kia waia ki te tūturu ki te puka ngā o tauira whakangungu.

Signs Ngātahitanga

Nuinga o ngā wā e whakamahia ana i roto i te mahi e rua ngā whakahaere hou o te whakaako: takitahi me te frontal. Group me te rua uaua whakamahia. He mea nui ki te mōhio e rua te mua, me nga puka rōpū maha e kore e ngā, ahakoa te meka e tamata ratou ki te hei rite a ratou.

Hei matau, te reira tino ko te mahi ngātahi, i tāutuhia J. X. te Liymetsa he maha o ngā āhuatanga tūturu:

• mārama te piha haapiiraa te mea te mea ngā kawenga mo te mahi, me te i te mutunga, he taumata e tika ana o te whakatinanatanga o te aromatawai pāpori;
• piha haapiiraa me ngā rōpū takitahi i raro i te arata'iraa o te kaiako te whakarite i te mahi;
• i roto i te tukanga o te wehenga o te mahi faaite ake, tango ki pūkete te ngākau nuitanga me ngā āheinga o ia o nga mema o o te piha haapiiraa, tuku ia ākonga ki te whakamatau ia rite pai rite taea;
• reira he mana tahi me te kawenga o ia ākonga ki tona piha, me te rōpū mahi.

momo whakahaere atu o te ako

Whakahaere rangahau atu ki te ākonga takitahi, he rōpū o ratou uru tika ki ngā āputa matauranga ranei. Ki te taka i muri i te ākonga i roto i to ratou akoranga, i reira he he hiahia ki te tautuhi i te take e ka tauturu i te tautuhi tikanga, ngā tikanga, me ngā puka whakahaere o te whakangungu e tika ana ki te āhuatanga ngā. Ko te take tino noa ko te ngoikore ki te whakarite i te tukanga ako, ngaronga o te moni ranei te auau puhoi o te whanaketanga o te ākonga. whakamahi te kaiako mātanga akomanga atu rite ha faingamālie ki te āwhina i tō tamaiti, e whakamahi ana i te tikanga e whai ake nei:

• haamaramaramaraa etahi take e kua whakapataritari mua pōhēhē;
• tāpiritanga ki te pia kaha ngoikore, tuku i te tuarua ki te hutia ake ratou matauranga;
• te tāruarua o ngā miro traversed mua, tuku whakakotahi ratou matauranga.

Ko te ariā o "tikanga whakaako" whakarōpū

Ko te nuinga o nga kaituhi haere mai ki te meka e te tikanga o te whakaako - e kore he mea, engari he huarahi ki te whakarite i ngā mahi mātauranga, me te hinengaro o ngā ākonga.

Tei runga i te āhua o te whakaako me te tukanga ako, e wehea tikanga whakaako ki:

• whakamārama, maitai (kōrero, whakamārama kauhau whakaaturanga kiriata et al.);
• uri (tono mahi o te matauranga riro, te mahi rite ki te hātepe);
• raruraru-whakawhanake;
• rapu wāhanga;
• Rangahau (otinga motuhake, mā te whakamahi i te tikanga ako);

Tei runga i te tikanga o te whakahaere, kua wehea tikanga ki:

• whakahaere i te rironga o te matauranga hou;
• hanga pūkenga me ngā āheinga;
• whakamātau me te arotake i te matauranga.

Ko te maitai hāngai ki te whāinga matua o te tukanga akoranga tenei whakarōpū me te whai wāhi ki te pai te māramatanga o ratou whakaaro.

Me pēhea te pai ki te whakatika i te rauemi ako

momo whakahaere o te ako te whakaako whakamahi tonu. Na roto i te ako o ngā puka o pūtaiao kua tae mai ki te meka e faufaa ngā kua te rironga kore anake o te matauranga, engari ano hoki ratou whakapakari. Hei whakatutuki i tenei pānga i roto i te ako, i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakamahi e rua tikanga:

1. tikanga uiui. Hāngai i roto i te āhuatanga i reira ngā te kaiako he kuware te mōhiohio ki te pānui i ka matau, a ka riro nui tāruarua ki te whakakotahi. E hāngai ana te tikanga i runga i te pikitia ka te kaiako, hanga he pai-pātai faaara i roto i te ākonga i te hiahia ki te whakaputa uri i te rauemi whakaahuatia i runga, e whai wāhi ana ki tona absorption tere.
2. Mahi ki te pukapuka matua. ngā ia akoranga e rua ohie ki te kapo kaupapa me te matatini. I roto i te Me hononga ki enei kaiako ki te whakaatu i te rauemi, faahiti tonu reira. Ki te mahi i tenei, ako te ākonga takitahi tenei paratarafa reira, a ka tākaro ai hoki ki te kaiako.

Whakangungu i runga i te whakamahi o te matauranga

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakamātau i ō rātou mōhiotanga i roto i te mahi, e tūtohu ana ki te tika i te whakangungu, i ngā o te maha ngā wāhanga:

• whakamārama i te kaiako te whāinga me ngā whāinga o te tukanga whakangungu ka ū mai i runga i te matauranga riro i mua;
• tauira kaiako whakaaturanga te whakatinanatanga tika o nga mahi ahu;
• whakamātautau tāruarua i te hi'oraa o te tono o te mōhiotanga me te pūkenga o ngā ākonga;
• tāruarua atu o te tukanga o te mahi i mua i te mea tino aunoa.

Ko te taketake tenei hurihurihanga, engari i reira he wā ka araia te kotahi te atu wā ranei i te ara iahiko whakangungu.