Nikolai Khmelev: biography, te ora whaiaro, whakaahua, take o te mate

I roto i te 1939, mata i o te whenua tū i kaiwhakahaere Isidorom Annenskim kiriata "Te tangata i roto i te Case". Pea no te mea e kore te te roa tenei kōrero A. P. Chehova taunga mo te mata, engari i roto i 1965 ka haere mai te I. pikitia Ann i roto i te putanga hou, a ka haere ano i roto i te mata o te whenua. Ko te kiriata, i wheturangitia kaiwhakaari nui Nikolay Hmelev, Mikhail Zharov, Faina Ranevskaya, ko tino ngingila, a mohio nga tangata o te Soviet Union te kaiako hākinakina reo Belikov Kariki. Tona pōtae, ochochki iti pouri me te parau rongonui "rere Täingäwai ki te Moana o Kapiana, me te mea kahore te tahi mea i te mahi!" I maheni ki katoa, kahore faarahiraa. Na tupu te reira e meatia tata kotahi tūranga whare tapere kaiwhakaari mohiotia puta noa i te whenua.

He tamaiti i te whānau pai

Belikov tīrama takaro Khmelev Nikolai Pavlovich. I whanau ia i roto i Hōngongoi 23, 1901 i roto i Sormovo, te rohe hītori o Nizhny Novgorod. I te rongonui tipu locomotive Sormovo mahi tona papa rite te kaiwhakahauhau. hoatu Mother haapiiraa waiata ki mau utuafare rawa, kia rite ki te tamahine o te roia, a i te mātauranga waiata. Tama i ki te riro i te mātauranga pai, me te ka tae koutou ki te tau e hiahiatia ana, i tāutuhia e ia i roto i te kura tūturu tūmataiti Sormovo. A, no te mea e tutaki ana, ka whakawhitia te tamaiti ki 2 te kura Nizhny Novgorod.

6-th hākinakina Moscow

I roto i te 1916, Nikolai Khmelev ki tona whānau oho ki Moscow, a ki te faaohipa i roto i te kura Moscow 6 tonu. I roto i enei tau ka hiahia i roto i te peita ia, a herea ratou whakarau ki te kura Stroganov. Otiia ko tata te tamaiti tuhinga. Ko te kaupae tuatahi i runga i te ara o te whare tapere, rawa, e pā ana ki te wa o te whakangungu i roto i te kura Moscow. I kōnohete whakamana ia ki Monologues Berendey, Osip, Miller ko Walsingham o nga hua (aua) "Snow Maiden", "Te Kaititiro Kāwanatanga", "Mermaid" me "hakari i te Time o Cholera."

Te kōwhiri i te huarahi

Oia mau, te whakaaro ki te fakatapui ia ki te whare matakitaki kua tae mai, i te heke mai o te Artist o People. No te mea i roto i te tau o tona whakauru ki te Whare Wānanga o Moscow, te manga hītori-Philological o te Moscow Art Theatre ta te fariiraa o toi i roto i te Studio 2 (vai i 1916 ki te 1924), ko Nikolai Khmelev ki te tautoko me te āwhina o tona kaiwhakahaere me te kaiako VL Mchedelova , i reira tae mai. I tua atu taketake matua tenei ngā kaiwhakaari studio-Massalitinova N. Moscow Art Theatre, mohiotia H, ko N. Aleksandrov Podgorniy rite toru Nicholas, i roto i te Studios 2 tapere whakaako pērā rahinga rite E. Vakhtangov Leonidov L., V. Luzhsky.

kaupae tuatahi

I roto i tona ākonga mahi Nikolai Khmelev utu aro nui ki te ahua o waho, me te hanga-ake. Kua hanga tenei te tūranga o te kauri i roto i "Te Cherry Orchard," Karp i "Forest", Snegirev i "te Brothers Karamazov" Ko na korerotia, e he fakaongoongolelei'i ratou whakahoki a K. Stanislavsky ko Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. Na whakaako te toi o te āhua N. P. Hmelev i toru tari - Mchedelova, i roto i te 2 nd Moscow Art Theatre me Zavadsky. Tona mahi i runga i te scene atamira Nikolay Khmelev (kaiwhakaari) timata he aronui - "mahi te tina" kore noa ki te rite te tūranga kore o te anahera (1919).

Ko te tūranga nui tuatahi

Ko nui ēnei putanga puku, a anake i roto i 1923 H. Spiegelberg Khmelev takaro i roto i "te kaipahua" Fr. Schiller. e kore te tēnei tūnga ite e te faaino, kua mohio e ona hoa, me te wāhi e whai ake nei i roto i te tākaro "Elizaveta Petrovna" ko tetahi o nga kaiwhakataki. Nikolai Pavlovich takaro Ushakov. I te tau 1925 whakaekea Nemirovich-Danchenko ia te tūranga o te Marey kaiahuwhenua ki te tākaro K. Treneva "Pugachevshchina". Tenei tūranga hanga N. rongonui Khmeleva.

tiaki tiketike

Te tau e whai ake nei, 1926, Whakatangi noa ia Alexey mīhini huri hiko, me te riro he kaiwhakaari e mōhiotia ana. Ki te tākaro "ra o Turbin" M. A. Bulgakova, tū i te Moscow Art Theatre, he rota o pakiwaitara. pai Stalin te tākaro. He ko he putanga e ko te reira i muri i te kitenga o te rangatira o te whenua e whakaaetia ana ki te whakanui i te Tau Hou, na pai ia te scene ki te rakau whakapaipai Kirihimete. kua manakohia Kaitapere hop Stalin - e toru ngā tohu i roto i tona utu ingoa te tahi mea. Rawa pai te tūranga o Hohepa Vissarionovich Alexei Karenin me mīhini huri hiko.

Tona kite o te tūranga o

Ia tūranga muri ka he kohatu takahi ki te wahi tiketike hou o te auaha - he Bolshevik hinengaro Peklevanov i "Armoured Train 14-69" Sun. Ivanova (1927), te rangatira i roto i "Dream o Uncle" F. M. Dostoevskogo, nga kauri i roto i "Te Cherry Orchard" me te kingi Fedor Ioanovich. Tenei tūranga Nikolai Pavlovich whiwhi i runga i te kupu tohutohu o te nui V. M. Moskvina. pā manaakitanga pai tūranga Skorobogatov i te tākaro "enemi" A. M. Gorkogo. Ia whakapakoko, takaro NP Khmelev, āhuatanga e ona āhuatanga āhuatanga motuhake, hoki ia i kitea e ia nako i rawe ki. Prince i roto i "Dream o Uncle" whakamana Khmeleva kore rite wawau rite fakamamahi.

Theatre. Yermolova

I roto i te 1932, Nikolai Khmelev (whakaahua piri) oroko ake tona studio ake, i vai na noa 1937, piri te whare tapere. Yermolova. ka Nikolai Pavlovich kaiwhakahaere toi o te whare matakitaki, me te production tuatahi i runga i te atamira hou - "Ehara i te pene, a kitea rawatia ake Altyn" - fana'o rongonui nui. I roto i tenei tūranga noho ia tae noa ki tona mate i te 1945. I roto i te 1941, riro N. P. Hmelev tuatahi Stalin paraihe mō whakatutukitanga auaha tino.

Tahua riro e te tika

I roto i te 1942, e tango te kaiwhakaari te tuarua Stalin paraihe mo te tūranga o te kaipūkaha i Zabelin "Chimes te Kremlin" N. Pogodin. A, no te i whakatahia te whare tapere (mai 1941), whakaritea N. P. Hmelev i upoko o te wahi toi o te Moscow Art Theatre, kaiwhakahaere i te 1943 ka M. Moskvin. Ka taea te pēnei te tūranga tapere ki te angitu nui rite TUZENBACH i te tākaro "toru Sisters" A. P. Chehova, tū i roto i te 1940. Ētahi pūkenga o te kaiwhakaari i whakapono i ko ia te keokeonga o te mahi Nikolaya Pavlovicha Hmeleva. Kua angitu tūranga me mahi katoa o nga tau whakamutunga o tona ora. Hoki deliveries ki a ratou i roto i te Moscow Art Theatre i 1944, "Ko te Victim Last" e A. Ostrovsky i 1946, murimatetia, i whakawhiwhia Nikolai Pavlovich te Stalin paraihe o te tuatoru.

mate ohorere

Nikolai Khmelev, tona haurongo i whati Whiringa 1, 1945, i mate rite he artist nui - i runga i te atamira. korerotia e ia i te tūranga Ivana Groznogo i te tākaro "uaua tau" i te A. N. Tolstogo. Ko te whakatakanga kākahu, hinga te kaiwhakaari, i whakawhitia ai ki te heamana o te rarangi tuatahi o te taiepa. kitenga tākuta tae e nontransportable N. P. Hmelev e whakahemohemo ia. oho kaiwhakaari nui ki te ruma iti mō te avanlozhey, pera i roto i te whare tapere i timata te mahi ahiahi (aha e kore e whakakahore?). I "Laumālié Dead", ki nui waiata i te pōro i te kawana, a mate te kata o mata'ita'i noho tatu i roto i te āhua me te kākahu Khmelev Tsar Nikolai Pavlovich. Meinga o te mate - patunga me te hopu cardiac.

ora whaiaro

ko tau 44 anake ia. I roto i ngā take pēnei i, mea tatou e "tahuna atu i te mahi" te tangata - araunga i roto i te whare tapere gypsy me ia. Yermolova, te Moscow Art Theatre, rawa, i te rota o te mahi. I tua atu, i te wahine tuarua o Nikolaya Hmeleva Lala he pango ataahua, peia ia i Yanshina o nui te aroha. Otiia ko te wairua o tenei kaitapere wahine te gypsy, he ngahau me te tāwhai - waiata tamau me te kanikani noa te ata i roto i te fare moenga N. Khmeleva. mea ratou Roma, a kuhu mai te ahi i reira. Na kua whai wāhi wa ki te mate, e kore i taea e e tu Nikolay Hmelev. I tohua te ora Whaiaro o te kaitoi i roto i 1943 i te meka o whanau o tana tama Alyosha, e runga i Noema 2, te ra i muri i te matenga o tona papa, e rua tau.

te tahi mau meka

Ki tenei e taea e tatou e te tāpiri i te meka e te irāmutu o N. vnuchatny Khmeleva, tona i'oa, hoê â i'oa (ahakoa e kore e oti, patronymic E., tana tama Alyosha kahore tamariki i) - he kaiwhakaari o te Mayakovsky Theatre. Te iwi whānui, ka mohiotia ia i muri i te shooting i roto i te raupapa "Te tauira hōia Kremlin". Faaoti i te tuhinga, ka taea e koe te tāpiri i taua i whakawhiwhia Nikolai Pavlovich Khmelev te Order o Whero reva o Reipa me mētara me, rite tuhia i runga ake, whakahonoretia ki te USSR State paraihe (Stalin i mua) i roto i 1941, 1942, me te 1946 aua. I roto i taea te kï te mahi kiriata i roto i te kiriata "u'i o toa", tukua i roto i te 1936. Tanumia N. P. Hmelev i Novodevichy Cemetery i Moscow.