Nikolai Ryzhkov: haurongo me te whakaahua

Ka taea te huaina te tauira o te mahi tōrangapū ora Nikolaya Ivanovicha Ryzhkova. haere ana ia i roto i nga takahanga katoa o te arawhata umanga, me whakatinana te whakapakoko o te kaupapa here Soviet, i au ra ki te kia rawa hanga mo te whakatö-o te ara Soviet o te ora. Otiia i te wa ano, i nga wa katoa noho Nikolai Ivanovich te tangata: ki te kare, te huru, wāhi o te tirohanga.

Family me Childhood

Ko te hapu o te kainga miner Dyleevka Donetsk rohe Mahuru 28, 1929 tupu te tua - he tama. Ko te kupu i whanau i te heke mai Pirimia Ryzhkov Nikolay Ivanovich. Kahore nga kahore tohu na nui he haurongo, engari i ona mahere mo te tamaiti whakarau.

i uaua Childhood Nicholas, no te mea i tenei wa o te whenua i ite mau taime fifi: te ahumahi o te whawhai. i akina atu tenei katoa te tamaiti ki te tupu ake wawe, a ka whakaaro hoko he tikanga fakafiemālie. I muri i te kura nui tomo ia te College Engineering, te wahi riro ia matini machinery motuhake. Ko te hiahia ki te whakatutuki i tētahi taumata tiketike i roto i te tikanga hanga ia i te mutunga o te kāreti ki te tomo i te Ural Polytechnic Institute i te Tari "Taputapu me Welding Technology."

mahi meteoric o te mahi Soviet

I puta ia i te ara mahi kolisí tīmata Nikolai Ryzhkov. Tona ora, hono ia ki te Ural Machine Building Plant. I roto i te 1950, mai ia ki "Uralmash", te wahi mahi ia mo 25 nga tau. haamata e ia he kaiwhakahauhau neke, ka hohoro neke i roto i te rarangi: Head whanganga, kaiwhakahauhau, tino kaipūkaha, tino kaipūkaha, Kaiwhakahaere Matua. I roto i te 40 tau, i whakaritea e ia te kaiwhakahaere o te faufaa motu. Ko taua wahi tiketike taea ki te whakatutuki iti rawa, a ka e whakaatu tenei ki te āheinga rawa Nikolaya Ryzhkova.

Kei te āhuatanga i te reira i te pai tiketike, kaha ki te kawe i ngā kawenga, taranata whakahaere, ki te hiahia tomo ki nga taipitopito o te tukanga, i whakahaere ia. I roto i te mara o te fehokotaki'anga production ko ia i roto i aua ra i te tino hai; tuhituhi ia e rua ngā pukapuka, e rave rahi tuhinga pūtaiao. I roto i te mahi i runga i te "Uralmash" Nikolai Ryzhkov, i rua whakawhiwhia e ia te State paraihe: hoki te whakahaere me te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa ki te hanga i te poraka nui o ngā hanganga engineering paiherea me tari mo te whanaketanga me te whakatinanatanga o te hanga whakaitinga tonu o te tipu maitai kōpiko.

kaiwhakahaere taumata-State

kihai i taea e ara noho tenei rangatira hohe, me te te fafau roa rite te kaiwhakahaere whānui o tetahi o te nui rawa hinonga Soviet. I roto i te rārangi o te rāhui kaimahi o te whenua i whakaurua Nikolay Ivanovich Ryzhkov, noho i runga i te rārangi o ngā kaitono mō te tari tiketike kihai i whai ia nei haurongo e haere rawa te pai, me te mo te wa roa. I roto i te 1975, Nikolai Ryzhkov whakaritea minita tuarua tuatahi o taimaha, me te waka engineering. E whā tau i muri mai ka e ia te tiamana tuarua tuatahi o Gosplan. Hau Ryzhkov Nikolay Ivanovich faufaa rerekē, nui-tauine whakaaro, progressiveness. kore kua haere tona mahi, me te tohungatanga hia, me te i roto i enei tūranga tiketike.

Kaupapa here o te wā Soviet

I roto i 1982 i roto i te whenua i reira ko te kaupapa here hou, Nikolai Ryzhkov, tona haurongo e tetahi tahuri, a hanga ana e ia ki te tihi. E ai ki te ritenga o te wā ka Ryzhkov he mema o te Pāti Communist i 1956, ko reira he tikanga matua mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te hanga i te mahi. I te 1981 ka e ia he mema o te Komiti Central CPSU, a, rite ana ki a angamaheni o Nikolai Ivanovich tīmata ki te whakatairanga i te takahanga o te arawhata umanga. ka mea a Nikolai Ivanovich e ko te whakataki o te Komiti Central he ohorere hoki ia, ko tenei hui te hua o te huru pai ki reira YV Andropov. Tonu i muri i te whakarite Ryzhkov ngā te kōmihana mo te faaineineraa o te whakahounga. Te āhuatanga i roto i te whenua ko te tino pakeke, ko te kapa, i ngā ano MS Gorbachev i ki te aromatawai i te āhuatanga, me te whakatakoto tono mo tona ako. A iti i muri mai, Nikolai Ryzhkov, tona biography whakaahua ana tetahi pikitanga, riro hēkeretari o te Komiti Central CPSU, whakaritea e te matenga o te tari ōhanga. Ko ia he whakaaro tino pai o te āhua o e haere mea i roto i te whenua, i matau ia i taea e nga raruraru ohaoha tapae he ara tūturu i roto o te raruraru. I te tau 1985 ka e ia he mema o te Politburo - te tino aratai rawa o te whenua i te wa.

Ko te haere mai ki te kaha o MS Gorbachev, ka mau anaanatae Ryzhkov. tautoko ia te whakaaro o te hiahia mo te whakahou, te ite e te ahu i te whenua mo te poka torere, me te hiahia akiaki ki te mahi i te tahi mea e pā ana ki reira. I roto i te 1985, i whakaritea Gorbachev ia ka Tiamana o te Kaunihera USSR o Minita Ryzhkov te tangata tuarua i roto i te whenua. hanga Pirimia Nikolai Ivanovich he koha nui ki te whakakorenga o te mau hopearaa catastrophic o te aituā Chernobyl me te ru i roto i Spitak. whakawhanake te reira i te wahi ōhanga o te hōtaka perestroika o Gorbachev. ko te tino uaua tana āhuatanga: i runga i te ringa kotahi, whakawakia nga Rīpera ia o te kore o te faaotiraa i roto i te mau ana i roto i hanganga, i runga i te tahi atu - Kominiusi kura tawhito i whakapono i tukua ai e ia nga mana'o o Communism. I roto i te mutunga o Hakihea Ryzhkov te maua e te whakaeke ngakau rawa taimaha, me ka tukua ia Gorbachev ki tūranga. He ko he putanga e kī Ryzhkov te tūranga tuatahi i roto i te whenua, ka turia atu e ia Gorbachev i te kaha.

Ko te kaitōrangapū o teie tau

I muri i te rīhainatanga o Nikolay Ryzhkov kore e waiho e te ao tōrangapū, me te rere hoki Peresideni o te RSFSR, a ka tuarua i te tangata o te kāwanatanga i muri i Yeltsin. I te 1995, i pōtitia ia hei kawana o te State Duma, a ka muri toru huihuinga. I te 2003 ka e ia he mema o te Kaunihera Federation, i te mea kaha i roto i te Komiti i runga i Natural motuhake. tautoko ia te kaupapa here o V. V. Putina, pōti i manakohia o te mana kōkiri o te peresideni ki te whakamahi i te kaha i roto i Ukraine. I roto i te 2014, e tango ana ia i te ringa o te tikanga o Putin "hoki Kaiaka". Ko te tikanga tohu Nikolai Ivanovich rota. E 7 mētara, atu mētara, kua tamau riro ngā taumata paraihe, whakawhiwhia e te Peresideni o Russia whakawhetai.

tūmataiti

Nikolai Ryzhkov, he whakaahua o nei i roto i te 90 e kore i mahue nga whārangi o te pāpāho, pai kore ki te kōrero e pā ana ki tona ora whaiaro. kihai i tana wahine Ludmila me tamahine Marina hoatu ngā uiuinga, me te kore e kanapa ki ngā pāpori. I roto i te mau taime onge o te watea pānui Ryzhkov te rota, aroha waiata, engari tonu i huaina te mahi matua o te ora kei te he mahi.