Non-utu ngā āhuatanga e awe te tono ki hokohoko tikanga

Market - ariā ao, e kore nei e whai i te whakamāramatanga kotahi, me te mārama. Kua tamata maha pūkenga ōhanga ki te kitea te ti'araa tino e pai whakaata tino te mauri o te wā, engari ki te mutunga tino pai e pai makona katoa, na ka haere mai kahore tetahi. Ko reira he tahi mea e tahoê katoa o enei pūtaiao. tohe ia o ratou e te āhuatanga mākete kei te tino hanga i te utu-kore āhuatanga o te hiahia mō ngā taonga me ngā ratonga.

I roto i te rau tau waenganui-iwa VI Dahl tautuhi te mākete anake rite te wahi ki te hokohoko. Mai taua wa kua puta ke maha nga mea i roto i te mahi o te ao ōhanga o ngā mahi hei takitahi, me te whenua kia rite ki te katoa. Tata papakupu ōhanga haere ki tua atu e ka hoatu i te momotuhi whai ake: te mākete - te reira i te katoa whanaunga ōhanga, e kua pā ana ki te utu o taonga ratonga ranei, me te ki te mutunga o te epa hokohoko. Ko, te pūtaiao whakaahua reira hei waitara, engari i te wa ano, wāhi tūturu, roto o nei he āhuatanga utu-kore e pā tono, i honoa e ki ngā mana utu. o te faufaa rahi mo te tono, tatau nei hoki taonga me ngā ratonga katoa hua, tae atu hoki whakapaipai, mahi, me te whenua hoki. I roto i tenei wāhi hoki ngā tikanga o ngā taunekeneke i waenganui i te kaihoko, me te kaihoko, e whakatau tikanga o hoko i runga i te mākete.

Tei runga i te paearu whakarōpū titore enei hokohoko:

1. Na roto i te hoko taonga: rauemi raw, taputapu me ngā rauemi, production, hoko whare, taonga kiritaki me ngā ratonga, auaha, moni, me te whakapaipai.
2. hipoki te tauine o te rohe: zonal, ao, rohe, me te kāinga, waho ki te whenua takitahi.
3. E ai ki te āhua me te rōrahi o te hoko: hokohoko me te rarawe.
4. Tei runga i te taumata o te whakataetae: wewete (tino whakataetae), katia (heriheri) oligopolistic me heriheri whakataetae. I roto i taua hokohoko, te pānga o ngā āhuatanga utu-kore kei roto i te tono.
5. E ai ki te taumata o te waiwai i roto i te taonga me ngā ratonga: te taikaha, te taurite me te kau.
6. I runga i te paearu o te tautukunga ki ture o nāianei: ture, me te ture, i te mea kouru nui.

Ki te rā, te mākete, ko te ahua o te whakahaere o te mahi whai hua o te pūnaha pāpori o ōhanga i nga tikanga o te hanga papatipu o te koloa, i te mea e taea ki te whakarato ngā tonu o te hanga me te kohi, me te te tohatoha tōkeke o ngā rauemi mutu mo te painga o tangata o te hanga, me te moni.

E matau ana tatou kua e te wāhi tino hira takaro e te tono hokohoko mō ngā āhuatanga utu-kore - tono whakarewa, a ka whakaherea kaihoko, me e he te nui taonga me ngā ratonga e taea te hoatu kaihanga i runga i te mākete i te kaha utu. whakahaere ēnei ariā anake i runga i takitahi umanga ranei, rite paunatia ratou nga hua ngā i runga i ngā mākete katoa o te whenua, me te hiahia hoki ratou kiritaki?

Ki ta koutou e mea tenei i roto i macroeconomics whakaurua pēnei te mea rite kore-utu āhuatanga o tōpū putanga me te hiahiatanga. E whakaritea ratou e huringa i roto i te taumata hangarau o production i te whenua, te maha o ngā kaiwhakamahi o te hua, he ao utu rauemi taumata me te āhua o te mākete kāinga i roto i ngā rāngai katoa. E ko, enei whika ta e kore tohu te ā-āhua o te ōhanga, me te whakakite i te whānui kāwanatanga o katoa ā-whakahaere wāhanga i roto i te katoa. He aha e enei kāwai ōhanga e rerekē i te hunga e kua whakaaro i mua? te reira āhuatanga tono -netsenovye tino māmā whakatau te nui o ngā ratonga me ngā hua e taea tetahi kiritaki utu ki te hoko i roto i te mākete ngā. Hei tauira, kia mau ai ki he mākete motokā Honda, engari te tono tōpū e tohu i te nui o ngā waka e kiritaki e hiahia ana ki te hoko i roto i te whenua (ahakoa o waitohu).