Pahuka i mua: whakaahuatanga, whakarōpū, tāutanga

Kei te tipu haere tonu Tariffs mo whakawera whare, a i roto i tenei whakaaro, ka anga te iwi ki te whakaaro e pā ana ki ngā whai wāhitanga pūngao-tiaki. Tokomaha kiriweti ratou whaitua me whare. Whakamahia hoki tenei pahuka i mua, whakaaro nei tetahi o te pai mo enei mahi. Kei te karanga a hoki tēnei rauemi terei pahuka i. I whakawhanakehia Ko tōna tukanga production i roto i te tau 1928, engari i roto i te hanga papatipu o tenei hua haere i roto i te tau 1937. Na te aha atu kua mohiotia e pā ana ki te rauemi mātao whai hua?

Ko te hītori o te pahuka o te tenenga

I te tau 1839, i te taka rongoā tohu Tiamana i roto i te tukanga o te whakamātautau ki te mea kakara, matapōkeretia riro styrene. Na, i muri i te ako i kitea e ia te taonga, kite Edward Haimona e hiri te taonga hinuhinu etahi wa i runga i to ratou ake i muri i a tahuri ki te tahi mea, ano he tiēre. kite i tetahi uara mahi o te rongoā i roto i tona whakatuwheratanga. ka mohiotia e te taonga rite styrene waikura, me te ake kore i ratou mahi.

Ki tenei i hoki i roto i te tau 1845. Styrene Whārangi hiahia Blyth me Hoffman.

Hei tauira, tohunga i Germany, a Ingarangi pau etahi o ratou ake ngā me te rangahau, me te i roto i te tukanga i kitea e tahuri taua styrene ki tiēre kahore hāora. Blyth me von Hoffmann huaina a reira metastirolom. Na, 21 nga tau i muri mai, ka karanga tukanga taatiraa ko "polymerization".

I roto i 20-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga, i hanga Utaina German Hermann Staudinger he kitenga nui. I roto i te para styrene tīmata te tauhohenga mekameka i ai nga mekameka macromolecular e hanga e. Tenei kitea ka i whakamahia mo te hanga o ngā waerau me kirihou.

production ahumahi pahuka i

tukanga kōtuitanga Origin styrene whakamana e kairangahau i te Dow Chemical Company. production arumoni o te terei tīmata i Basf. I roto i te Engineers o te 30 Kua whakawhanakehia, ka whakapumautia hanga o te hangarau styrene polymerized. I te tau 1949 riro ia he ārai mo te hanga o pire, pahuka ki pēwaro. Na, i runga i te pūtake o te timatanga o te hanga arumoni o te rauemi pērā i te terei pahuka i paruru.

Me pēhea te ki te whakaputa i te reira?

Ko te rauemi raw whakamahia i roto i te pirepire terei. Hei waihanga pūtau mā te whakamahi i tauhohenga motuhake e, pahuka rauemi.

I roto i te wāhanga tuatahi o te hanga granules ringihia ki te tokomaha tonu, i reira te-roha mua. Ko te granules hei āhua porohita. Ki te whiwhi i tētahi whai hua rauemi wera-tuuraa i ki kiato iti, tenei tukanga toutou te rave rahi taime.

Ia wa e ake me te ake nga pōro hoko. I waenganui i nga kaupae huka pirepire i whakanohoia i roto i te tokomaha tonu motuhake, i reira hoki 12-24 haora ū ai te pēhanga i roto i te granules me puta whakamaroke.

Kei te ka te hua whakanohoia i roto i te mīhini niao motuhake, i reira i raro i mana o te rere mamaoa nui pāmahana i hanga. E makona whāiti nga granules i te pokepokea ai, i piri tahi pāmahana teitei me te pupuri tonu tona āhua i muri i te meangiti.

Poraka e whai rahi nui, tapahia i roto i te rahi paerewa. Heoi, hoatu i mua i tenei rauemi i roto i te rokiroki takawaenga. I roto i te hanga o te pahuka i paruru ko whiwhi makuku, a tae noa tapahia reira e kore noa e mahi. E rua hangarau rongonui o mātao. Tenei slurry, me te vahiraa i taimaha. I roto i nga whenua Kihi, kua pai whakamahia Europe ko Amerika te tuatahi e rua me te tikanga tuarua.

whakarōpū o terei whakawhānui

I teie mahana, i hanga tenei mātao te o hangarau atu matatau, i whakaaetia ki te nui te whakapai ake i te āhuatanga o te rauemi. Na, i tenei ra, hua terei whakawhānui. tīmata huka tukanga e tikanga o te pūwaro. riro te reira i te ahua ki runga ki whakawera, me pirepire terei pupuhi me te piri tahi.

E kitea pahuka i mua i te hangarau ahumahi me ngā e ngā rōpū. Tenei mātao whakaputaina nei e sintering hangarau, me te pereti whiwhi e huka o te granules.

Ano, rerekē te rauemi rite ki te tapanga.

• PS - pahuka i whakarewa.
• JLS - whakatārewatanga bespressovy.
• PSB-S - tupohe i whakatārewatanga bespressovy.
• terei extruded - EPS.

He he hanganga mātotoru kākahu Hua waitohu DPM. Ēnei āhuatanga, ka takoto te hōkai o tona whakamahi. kia whai i te awhi mo te paruru o tenei pane, he mātotoru o 50 kg / m ^3.

Ko te pahuka i extruded - ko tetahi o te rauemi pai. I roto i te tukanga ahumahi Tangohanga whakamahia. Ko EPS feunga ātete ki katoa o te mau mana aunoa, kua he taumata tiketike o te mātotoru me te he āhuatanga taatiraa pai.

Ko te tino noa, utu, me te rongonui i roto i kiritaki whakaaro te terei PSB. Kei te whānui whakamahia te reira rite te whakamahana. Heoi, ka whakaritea ki te rauemi extruded, te PSB tino ngaro i roto i te kaha.

Rerekētanga i roto i te matotoru, me te mātotoru

āhuatanga Energy-faaora nohoia e te rauemi, e tika ana ki te taumata kawenga wera iti. Ki te whakarite tatou i te mua pahuka i ki tetahi atu e wātea ana i runga i te mākete hanga mātao, ka kia tino teitei te kaha pahuka i pūngao-tiaki. Ko te kupu, hei tauira pereti matotoru 12 mm o hāngai ki te matotoru taiepa o te pereki 2.1M (rakau ranei - 0.45 m).

Āhuatanga rama rongonui o pahuka i kirihou

Ko te kupu, e te kiato o 10-11 kg / m ^3, PSB-25 PSB-S-15 - 15-16 kg / m ^3. Pahuka i PSB-25F mua Kiato - 16-17 kg / m ^3. Kiato DPM C35 he 25-27 kg / m ^3, a PSB-C50 - 35-37 kg / m ^3.

kiato E rahi ana mo te paruru mātao

e kia te otinga whaitake ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi DPM-35 ki te kiato o te 25 kg / m ^3. Ka taea e koe te tīpako me te ahua nui. Otiia i roto i tenei take, i te tuuraa i ngā āhuatanga o te ngoikore. Ki te whakamahi koe i te PSB-S-25, e kore tenei rauemi e whakarato rigidity ki te paruru. I roto i te tukanga o te oti mahi he nga tūponotanga kino katoa o te pereti.

Ka taea hoki te mahi tohu pereti PSB-15 rite mātao, me te kupu e kore e whai i te kawenga nui i runga i te taiepa whare. Heoi, Kei te tata kore whakamahia te pahuka i mo te paruru - te tetahi he katoa o iti kaha.

Kei te tino maha tenei waitohu e whakamahia ana mo te kaupare mātao pātata ki te hanga o te whare. E nehenehe te reira i te taiepa o ngā verandas balconies ranei. Ano, Kei te whānui whakamahia tenei waitohu i roto i te oti te mahi i runga i koki ranei tatau matapihi.

He matotoru rawaka mō te pahuka i

whakamahia maha papa ki te matotoru o te 5 ki te 7 cm. he pai hoki maha whare tenei taumira. E whakamahia paraharaha 150 mm te wahi e tika ana ki te ārai i te taiepa pakeke. Hei tauira, e taea te kaha i puhia e te reira taiepa.

Kaua e whakamahi i matotoru pereti rawa nui. Tenei e taea te waihanga i te tahi mau fifi, me te utu poauau. I roto i te nuinga o te wā he reira pai ki te tono i te rōpū, he kiato o 35 kg / m ³ i te matotoru o te 15 cm, i te PSB-C-25 100 cm matotoru, me te mātotoru o te 25 kg / m ^3.

facades Hototahi me te taupatupatu

Tei runga i te rauemi hanga, o nei hanga te whare ko, i reira e pai kāore ranei mo ratou hatete. Na, ko pai hoki te whare o te rakau ki te whakamahi i te huruhuru hipi kohuke.

Ko hoki raima pereki ranei whare atu pai pahuka i. terei extruded mua ki te whakamahi ki te haere maimoatanga retardant ahi, rite i roto i te puka mua ko te tino, tino he pūkākā.

maunga hangarau

I teie mahana i reira e maha kamupene e hua i te mātao ake me ngā rauemi e pā ana katoa mo te tāutanga. Pai kï hua Ceresit. He mea pai i meatia te mahi katoa e te ringa. Ko te tukanga, ka uru maha ngā kaupae.

whakangungu

Me rite te mata katoa o te taiepa. Na, kua nekehia paru katoa, i tetahi huānga kohuki. horoia te mata te i katoa te hu'ahu'a e. Ka rite ki te atamira faaineineraa ngā te hanga o hononga i waenganui i te pereki.

Ki te ngatata te taiepa raima te, me hanga ana ratou. Kia tino ki te waiwai Cap "Aquastop". Hoki te pānga mōrahi, te mahi katoa o te kătahi hohonu tämata tukinotia.

tāutanga o waea

Me kia te taiepa maximally flat. I roto i tenei take papu a humarie ka tāpiri i te awhi ki te paruru, me te whiwhi rite mo tetahi maimoatanga mata atu. hoatu te taiepa katoa taimaha marama taura motuhake ki te tāutu i kōtītiti a ka faaore ratou.

awhi kāpia

Hoki whakapuru ngaahi peleti whakamahia i roto i tenei take Ceresit kāpia.

Ko e taea ki te whakamahi i ētahi atu rauemi. Amuiraa Ko te āhuatanga nui tenei. Me tono te papatipu tonu i muri i te faaineineraa. He haora i muri, amuiraa tika maroke, me te kore he e tika ana mō te whakamahi. tono te ranunga piripiri te i runga i te rohe katoa o te whārangi ranei i rima wāhi e tufaki te piripiri o te rohe mōrahi.

Rau ki te mahi pai ki te whiriwhiri ki te mata taratara. I roto i te take o tona mata maheni (roughness) whakatutuki ā. I roto i te tukanga o pipiki he pepa hāngai te i runga i ia taumata.

Ko te tukanga o te pūāhuru

E i ruarua nga awhi i roto i ia rarangi. Hei tauira, ara rarangi tīmata ki awhi tapahia i te hawhe. Ki te kore nga pepa e hāngai ki ia atu, me te puka ngā āputa i waenganui i nga rau o te pahuka i te ringihia i roto i te puka wai. A, no te te tino riria ana tenei pahuka i.

tāutanga aunoa

Waiho i te rōpū i runga i te kāpia e kore e taea e. Ka taea e te rauemi te pupuhi atu i hau kaha. E nehenehe te reira tino utu ki te matau koutou mua pahuka i te nui o. Price i runga i te kaiwhakanao me ngā āhuatanga rānei tīmata i 700 moni ia mōkihi, ka tae mai ki te 6000 moni. piri ia whārangi e whakamahi dowels. I runga i ia rōpū mā te whakamahi i punga e rima. I muri i te otinga o tenei tukanga, kia tukinotia ia o nga dowels ki te kāpia.

Kei te whakamana ngā atu, me te raima. Hoki te kaka tuatahi whakamahia. Me ratou e rua ngā momo - te whakamahi mata pakeke, me te ngohengohe. Ngohengohe haere hoki nga koki me te mārō e whakamahia mo te taiepa. Next, ka taea e koe ranei te hoko i te pahuka i te raima paruru whakapaipai ki te rauemi paninga rerekē.

whakamahia tēnei hangarau kei te tata nga wahi katoa. Tenei tikanga he mātao rawa whai hua, me te āwhina ki te tino whakaiti i ngā utu pūngao.