Papatonotanga. Huringa ki te kōwhiringa

Mea katoa atu he rite i roto i te mahi e rua hātepe.

tawhā huringa Tūtohiripo

Huringa ki tawhā i te flowcharts puka (ahakoa i runga ake kua aroaro reira). Tenei ko te hanganga whakahaere māmā.

whakaritenga Basic ki te tawhā o te huringa

Huringa ki te tawhā rapu i te tetahi ahua o te taiao.

• Counter me wā rohe (t. E. Iskh.peremennaya rohe 1 me te rohe 2) me no ki te momo raraunga taua. Ki te reira he hototahi anake i waenganui i nga uara tuatahi, me te whakamutunga o te wāhanga, me te tāupe tohutoro, kia tikanga te hōtaka hē kia no te mea ka puta ke i te rohe i te momo tawhā raraunga tuatahi.

• Me kia te momo o te raraunga e kia no ki te uara tawhā te tau tōpū. E kore e tūtohu ana ki te whakamahi i te momo tūturu.

• Hurihia te uara i roto i te ope koropiko iskh.peremennaya he houhou. Kore, ka taea e te kaiwhakamahi whakauaua aroturuki o hapa taea puta.

• Rerekē te tahi atu momo o huringa, i roto i te No te ... ki te ... mahi ranei Hoki ... downto ... e kore e taea te huri taahiraa he te whakatakoto atu i te 1.

Turbo Pascal: me pehea ki te tiki i roto o te koropiko

E mea pinepine i reira he raruraru i roto i nei i reira ko te koropiko, arā. He pono tonu E. te huru. tauturu Break tukanga ki te tiki i roto o te huringa ki te ai öna, postcondition, tawhā. E. poroa ratou mahi kei te materoto.

Ka taea te mutu mā te whakamahi i tonu huringa ki tawhā i roto i Pascal (hōtaka e whai wāhi te "mure ore" tikanga pono). Here whakaritea te mahi te e whai ake: te whitiauau o wawe nāianei mutu tona mahi, haere mana te ki te kapa i muri, engari e kore e roto o te koropiko.

he tika Waiho tukanga i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaoti i te mahi o te poraka ngā i roto i te waehere hōtaka. Kei te meinga te reira i roto i te tukanga (mahi) me i te wa ano, kua poroa tonu te mahi o tenei "wahi". Ki te Kei Waiho te i roto i te kōwae matua, ka tohu te reira.

Kopa tukanga whakaiti te parau tumu whakahaere o te whai ake: mutu hōtaka mahi tonu.

Tauira o ngā mahi ki te whakatau

Ka whai hua te kaiwhakamahi i muri i ako i te kaupapa "huringa ki tawhā i roto i ngā tauira Pascal 'tuatahi ako me ka mahi tuhituhi i te waehere koe. tauturu i te mahi Simple hötaka heke mai ki te ako i te ariā ki te mahi, a ka tono i te reira pai. I "huringa ki te kōwhiringa" tauira o ngā raruraru ki te whakatau, ka taea e kitea e koe ngāwari, me te uaua. Tenei ko nga mahi 3, i mahi ki te mahi, me te e faataa hātepe me kōrero ki nga whakatau.

whāinga 1

Homai ngohi e rua-ahu o tau tōpū i roto i te whānuitanga [0..199], tīpakohia matapōkeretia. Kimihia te maha o ngā tau e rua-mati katoa nei moni o ngā mati ko te maha o te 2.

Ko te hātepe ko:

1. Waihanga i te ngohi e rua-ahu.
2. Tirohia ia tau mō te hanganga ture ki te tikanga e whai ake nei:

he) ki te 9

b) tīpako i te tau mati rua mā te wehewehe i te mod;

c) ki te takoto ki raro, ratou tau tohaina;

d) wehea e te mod nui tomu'a 2;

e) ki te he rite ki te 0 te hua, incremented te counter e 1.

tūmahi 2

Homai he ngohi kotahi-ahu o huānga tau tōpū. Kimihia te maha o ngā tau tōrunga.

Ko te hātepe ko:

1. Waihanga i te ngohi o huānga wāhi i hanga e te randomize.
2. Ko te tawhā huringa ki te hoatu i te tauākī herenga IF, e ka tirohia i te huānga homai ki te whakatau i te huru X> 0.
3. Ki te makona te huru te, incremented te counter e 1.
4. I muri i te huringa kia whakaatu i te uara tatau hua.

Raraunga i roto i te reu {} he kōrero. Ko te rārangi 11 taea whakaatu i runga i te mata i te ngohi o ara e rua: ki te waiho i te āputa i waenganui i te tau ki te tohatoha ki ia huānga o te maha etahi o ngā pūtau (i roto i tenei take, ratou 5).

I roto i te rārangi 12, ano e taea te nui haere te counter tāupe i roto i ara e rua: rānei ki te uara o mua ki te tāpiri 1 ranei te whakamahi i te mahi paerewa Inc.

tūmahi 3

Wāriutia kopu tapawha. Kimihia te maha o ngā āhuatanga takatika e te hunga i runga i te hauroki matua.

whakamārama:

Ko te ngohi o tau matua hauroki toro i te runga maui ki te matau raro. He āhuatanga motuhake o reira ko te meka e te rarangi me te tīwae taupū ko te taua. Na reira, whakarite nui ki te neke i te rarangi i waho Pakaru te toe huānga kotahi huringa.

Ko te hātepe ko:

1. Waihanga i te kopu tapawha.
2. Vahe ki te tāupe te kawenga mō te tatau o ngā āhuatanga pai, te uara "0".
3. Waihanga huringa ki te waihanga i tētahi kopu tapawha.
4. Whakarite tikanga huringa whakaū: ki te ko te maha i runga i te matua hauroki> 0, ka incremented te counter e 1.
5. I muri i te paunga o te huringa i runga i te mata ki te whakaatu i te uara o te tāupe e pupuru ana i te maha o ngā huānga pai.

Aroraa i waenganui i nga reo hōtaka e rua: C me Turbo Pascal

Ka rite ki te tikanga, e matau ana kaihātepe whaiaro-mo e rave rahi reo. Hei tauira, kia mau ai ki C ++, Turbo Pascal, Delphi, Java, a na i runga i. D. tautohetohe i waenganui i nga korerotia te tokorua o ratou i roto i te-doma 80. (C ko Turbo Pascal). I te mutunga o te rau tau rua tekau, pērā i te whawhai i kitea i waenganui i C ++ ko Java.

I roto i te wāhi mariko o te reo tatini hōtaka e toru, i reira e toru rua tino Tūrongo, ko tona pato'iraa ki te patu i nga hinengaro nui o cyberspace: Algol 60 ko Fortran, Pascal, C, Java me C ++. O te akoranga, he tuakiri enei mau mana'o, engari i tetahi wa ki tetahi tetahi o te rua ranei ko te rangatira. i tika ki te whakaritenga ahumahi me te hiahia mo te hua pūmanawa ngā tenei. I roto i te-doma 70. "Ao Rure" Fortran, i roto i te 80 - Turbo Pascal, i roto i te 90 - C ++. O te akoranga, "mate" tetahi o ratou. 'I hono kehé, ae whakaputaia ketia ana ratou ki ngā hua pūmanawa mātanga.

I roto i te ako o te reo hōtaka kia kite koe e te tahi mau kaupapa rite wetereo. Ko te kupu, e rite ki ngā hanganga rite i roto i Pascal huringa ki tawhā i C, ki te kahore hoki te tahi mau taime.

Te mea faahiahia, te ngā o Turbo Pascal (Old World) faufaahia i ngā whanaketanga o Scientists American, i roto i te Ao New te kaha whakamahia nga hua o tautooraa rangahau Pākehā. I roto i Europe, kua taunaki nga ngā he tohu nui o te viivii ore, me te compactness o reo hōtaka, me e tahuri atu ki te whakamahi o ngā hou-fangled i roto i te waehere tuhituhi hinengaro American.