Hanganga, Kareti me ngä whare wänanga
Pediatrics - he aha te mea tenei? Mahi - tākuta tamariki o ngā tamariki
Ko te kōwhiringa o te tikanga - he taahiraa tino nui. Mai tei reira ki runga ki te pehea e whakawhanake i muri i roto i te ora. He he he rota tonu o ngaio. Ko tētahi o ratou - ko te tākuta tamariki tenei. He whakaongaonga, me te i roto i te tono i roto i te mākete mahi tenei tikanga, engari i mua i a koutou farii i te reira, kia whakaaro koutou, ahakoa ko reira, e nehenehe o, a miharo ranei reira nga mau huru motuhake whaiaro e kua hiahiatia i roto i te mahi atu.
Pediatrics rite te wāhanga hauora
I te 1847, i whakaputaina ai te kaiārahi motu "Pediyatrika". Ko tōna kaituhi ko te tākuta SF Hotovitsky. Kua tāutuhia tēnei mātanga i roto i tona kaiārahi i te wahi i roto i te tino pediatric hauora. Ua faaite e ia i roto i ona whāinga me ngā whāinga. Ko te kupu, ka SF Hotovitsky te kaiwhakarewa o Fale- Russian. Na, he aha te tikanga o te tenei wā? He aha te mea te mauri o te peka mea o rongoa? Pediatrics - te pūtaiao o mate tinana o te tamaiti, ratou maimoatanga me te ārai. Ko tōna mahi matua kaiwhakamana te tiaki o te hauora o te tamaiti hoki ranei i te āhua noa o te mate.
conventionally wehea Pediatricians ki te maha manga (tohutohu):
- Fale- ārai. I raro i te wā e pā ana ki te pūnaha o mehua e hāngai ana i te ārai i te takanga o tini o nga mate.
- Pediatrics Haumanu. Tenei aronga ngā te tātaritanga o mate, maimoatanga me te whakanohonoho o ngā tamariki e mate ana te rohe.
- Pediatrics Academic. Tenei au, te ngako o e takoto i roto i te waihanga o paradigms. E arahina atu ratou e tākuta i roto i to ratou mahi ā-.
- Fale- Social. Ko te whāinga o tenei peka o pūtaiao - te ako o te hauora o ngā tamariki, te whanaketanga o te pūnaha pāpori o te ārai, me te tiaki i te taupori o ngā tamariki.
- Fale- Taiao. Tenei peka o te pūtaiao ako nga pānga o ngā āhuatanga taiao ki runga i te hauora o ngā tamariki.
Ko te hītori o te Fale- Russian
tu Pediatrics i roto i Russia i roto i te ako hauora motuhake i roto i te rau tau XIX. I tenei wa i timata ki te kia whakaputaina nga whakamāoritanga tuatahi o te pukapuka, me te whakaputa kaituhi rohe (hei tauira, "Guide ki te matauranga, me te whakaora i mate aruaru" N. Rosen von Rosenstein, "Ko te kupu a te taputapu e tika ana ki te whakapakari i te tamaiti ngoikore mō te hua i roto i to tatou iho mau taata whenua" AI . Danilevsky).
Ki te whakaaro ki te maimoatanga o ngā tamariki ko reira ia tapao e tae noa te rau tau XIX, i hanga nga whakaritenga e tika ana katoa i te kāinga. Kaiwhakawhanau me kaihaumanu hoatu tohutohu whānui. moenga o te tamariki tuatahi, rite kitea e te hītori o Pediatrics, kua whakapumautia i roto i te whare hauora whakaora Ivan Petrovich Frank, tuwhera i roto i te tau 1806. I muri i te tau torutoru enei wahi whakakorea. whakatuwheratia hōhipera o te tamariki tuatahi i anake i roto i te 1834 i roto i St Petersburg.
I tēnei wā, ko te maha nui o pūtahi whakahaere i Russia, whakarato tiaki hauora o tūroro taitamariki, me o ratou whaea:
- tamariki (terenga, porowini, rohe, motu, takiwa), ka motuhake (te mate kohi, hopuhopu, hinengaro) hōhipera;
- haumanu (tāone, niho) me te ngā pokapū (tātaritanga, whakanohonoho);
- whakatūnga o te toko i te ora te tamaiti, me te kōhanga (pani, pokapū perinatal, kai miraka, pou).
Taa'eraa Research Institute Haumanu o Pediatrics ingoa i muri i academician Yuriya Evgenevicha Veltischeva. Ko te reira i te rangahau institution matamua i roto i te pediatric Russia. taurima te reira i te momo o ngā ngā mahi i runga i ngā tamariki. He utu o te tiaki maimoatanga katoa o ngā tamariki i te tirohia. Kei te pütea reira i te pūtea e hānga ana. He utu ano hoki te reira i te tuhituhi e te Institute o Pediatrics he āwhina hauora kore anake, engari ano hoki tohutohu.
Whāinga me ngā kaupapa matua o Pediatrics
Ko tētahi o nga mahi o tenei peka o te rongoā - tātaritanga me te maimoatanga o te tini o nga mate. Doctors kite māuiui i roto i ngā tamariki e whai tohu, te hua o whakamātautau me ngā whakamātautau. I muri tohunga tātaritanga whakahau maimoatanga tika. I roto i tenei take, tākuta rapu tonu te iti o te rongoā, ka rite ki te hui katoahia o te fariiraa i te nui o taero i roto i te nuinga o te wā he ohorere.
Ko te wāhi o Pediatrics kua tetahi mahi - ko reira te whakanohonoho o ngā tamariki. I muri mate Me rauropi taitamariki whakaora. I roto i te hononga ki enei tamariki i muri kia hiahiatia ai whakaora:
- maimoatanga ngawari o te ra (whakawāteatanga i hākinakina, anō kawenga);
- therapy whakaongaonga (rongoā, te whakamahi o teuteu huaora);
- whakawāteatanga i kano;
- he noho i roto i te hōhipera.
Ko te whāinga pā Fale- me te ārai o mate. pea te reira tuatahi, tuarua, me te tuatoru. I raro i te ārai tuatahi e pā ana ki te ārai o mate kano tika mehua iroiti. ārai Tuarua i runga i te kite o nga tohu wawe o te mate. Ngā mihi ki te tātaritanga wawe taea te ārai tohumate nui. ārai Tuatoru - he matatini o mehua e hāngai ana i te ārai i te ahunga whakamua o te mate, e taea arahi ki hauātanga.
I runga anō i te raruraru i runga, ko reira taea ki te tautuhi i te kaupapa matua e rangahau pediatric i rongoa:
- whakawhanaketanga ā-tinana me te hauora o ngā tamariki;
- nga take o mate me injuries, ratou tohu;
- maimoatanga, me te ārai o mate;
- āwhina tuatahi mō ngā whara me ngā aituā, me ētahi atu.
"Tākuta tamariki" tikanga
Tākuta - he tangata whai wāhi i roto i te tātaritanga, maimoatanga me te ārai o tini o nga mate me injuries i roto i te tangata. Tenei tikanga ko tetahi o te matamua a tino i roto i te hapori. Kei roto te reira i te momo o tino. Ko tētahi o ratou - ko te tākuta tamariki tenei.
Ko te kawenga matua o te mātanga ko - ki te hamani tūroro taitamariki. e kore e tākuta tamariki te tono i te tātauira. Ko ia he huarahi motuhake ki ia tamaiti i roto i kōrero kitea e te amuamu ki te hei whakamahi i ngā tikanga tātaritanga tika, te tātari i te hua whiwhi, whanake mōrahi talena maimoatanga takitahi. e kore te kawenga o te tākuta tamariki iti ki te mahi ki ngā tamariki e mate ana. Kua mātanga kua recordkeeping.
Mahi "tākuta tamariki tamaiti" i roto i te tono i roto i te mākete mahi. tohunga tauhou kaua hohoro kitea tono. Utu whakawhirinaki i runga i te wahi o te mahi, me te ngaio. Ko reira iti i roto i tohunga taitamariki e mahi i roto i ngä pütahi hauora tūmatanui. E ite utu tika tākuta hōhipera arumoni.
Ko wai ka taea e riro i te tākuta tamariki?
Whai wāhi i roto i te maimoatanga o ngā tamariki e taea anake e te hunga e whai i te tohu hauora. Ka taea te whiwhi te reira i roto i te University motuhake ('inisititiuti). Ko te tino uaua Mātauranga, no te mea rongoā hou - ko te wāhi matatini o te matauranga. Ako i roto i te kura hauora pumau mo 6 tau i roto i-wā tonu. e kore te mea taea Correspondence ki te tiki i te mātauranga.
e kore Me whai noa te iwi nei e ngā tikanga "tākuta tamariki" me te hunga e hiahia ana kia herea to ratou ora i mua nei i te rongoa, he tītohu o te mātauranga teitei rata, engari 'ulungaanga whaiaro hoki pērā i:
- te aroha;
- aroha;
- kitea;
- kawenga;
- kōrerorero.
Whiwhi tikanga tākuta tamariki
I roto i te Russia mahi i te torutoru rawa ngā kura hauora. Ko tētahi o te pai pūtahi mātauranga ko SPbGPMU. Deciphering tenei whakaiti - Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. Kua tēnei'inisititiutí kua mahi mai i te tau 1925. Iwi e hiahia ana ki te riro i roto i te heke mai ka taea e te tākuta tamariki mahi i konei i te Faculty o "Pediatrics." Reviews o te pai i te reira. Kua whakahuatia ngā ākonga whakaaro pai e pā ana ki te kounga o te mātauranga, ngā kaiako. I roto i te SPbGPMU reira e te tahi atu tari:
- mātauranga ngaio tāura me atu;
- hinengaro haumanu;
- niho;
- "Medicine".
Web ki ngā ākonga e moemoea ki te tiki i te tikanga hauora, he tika o te Tuatahi Moscow State Medical University ingoa i muri i Ivana Mihaylovicha Sechenova hoki. Ko te reira i te institution mātauranga nui me matamua o te whenua i roto i te mara o te rongoā, whakaturia i roto i te 1755. Kei tōna hanganga o 10 aau. Ko tētahi o ratou - Pediatrics. I runga i tenei manga 8 tari:
- Pediatrics me Pediatric Rheumatology;
- Immunology haumanu me Allergology;
- pokanga pediatric;
- noho mā o ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi;
- Fale- me pediatric mate hopuhopu ;
- Diabetology me Endocrinology;
- neonatology;
- propaedeutics o mate o tamariki.
Urunga ki te manga pediatric
Hei whakauru i roto i te kura hauora i te Tari o Pediatrics, ngā ākonga haere te whakamātautau i roto i te matū, te koiora, me te reo Russian. tuhia nga kaute whiwhi institution. I roto i te ngaro o nga hua o te whakamātautau ākonga urunga tango whakamātautau tomokanga i roto i nga taiepa o te whare wānanga. He rerekē ratou āhua: ahakoa waha ranei i tuhi (i roto i te puka o whakamātautau, whakautu ki ngā pātai, etc ...). Information e pā ana ki te whakamātautau, he mea e tika ana ki te whakapūtā i roto i te mua i te komiti whiriwhiri whare wānanga whiriwhiri.
Urunga ki pai haere te whakamātautau tomokanga i roto i te matū, te koiora, me te reo Russian, ki te rangatira he pai nui te marautanga. Ka taea e koe haina ake mo ngā akoranga whakangungu, ki te hiahiatia. whakahere ratou nga whare wānanga hauora, wänanga,'inisititiutí. Ka taea e te akoranga haamana'o rauemi ako mua, ui pātai.
Tākuta tamariki - he tikanga e i roto i te kura nui, ka taea e te tiki e koe utua e rua, me te kore utu. Hei tae i te wahi pūtea, me haere koe i roto i te kōwhiringa whakataetae. He he he mea pēnei i te "tohu haere". Ko te tau mōkito o ngā, i te mea nui ki te haere i runga i te pūtea tenei. Kua karanga tonu te komiti whiriwhiri haere mai whika o whakamutunga tau, mai mohiotia te auau haere tūturu e tau ana i muri i anake nga whakamātautau whakauru me te hanganga o ngā ākonga whakatauranga.
E ako ana i te manga pediatric
Te faaineineraa o tohunga haamata ki te ako o nga taonga hauora, me te koiora taketake pūtaiao, hauora, me te ārai. E whakaurua ngā ākonga ki te hanganga o te tinana tangata, kikokiko me te tukanga whaiaroaro tupu i roto i reira. Na ka tīmata te whakangungu i tari pediatric motuhake. pediatricians Future i roto i te piha haapiiraa ako i te tātaritanga, maimoatanga me te ārai o mate tamarikitanga, ngā pātai tūturu me whakautu Pediatrics.
Ako i roto i te kura hauora kau whiwhi ariā mahi hoki engari e kore e anake. Ko te mahi tuatahi o ngā ākonga whakangungu i huaina. Ko tā te reira i te tiaki tamariki e mate ana, me te pakeke. E huaina ana te mahi e whai ake nei production. Ka rite ki haere ratou, mahi ngā ākonga i te mau ohipa o ngaio hauora:
- nēhi kaiāwhina (i te 1 tau);
- nēhi paroita kaiāwhina (2 tau);
- nēhi ngā kaiāwhina (3 akoranga);
- tākuta hōhipera kaiāwhina (4 akoranga);
- whare hauora rata Kaiāwhina o ngā tamariki (5 akoranga).
Ko te mahi o te tākuta tamariki
Iwi e whakangungua i roto i te kura hauora, kia mohio te uara o Pediatrics, me te e ka mahi ki te kanohi ratou i roto i te heke mai. tirohia tākuta tamariki i te tamaiti e kore e anake, hanga he tātaritanga, me te whakahau maimoatanga. whakatairanga hoki i te tākuta te hanganga o nga matua:
- whāinga te reira i te whaea i runga i te faufaa tino o te whāngai ū;
- whakaaro o nga painga o te takai noa;
- whakamārama ki ngā mātua te faufaa o te werohanga ārai;
- whakahē ki "kauhoe hotoke" tamariki taitamariki, me te pera i runga i.
E kore me te mātanga whakawehi i ngā mātua momo tātaritanga. I roto i te mate mau kia mau tonu i nga wa katoa mau mama mariu me Dads ki te matapae. A, no te kore e taea e ngā āhuatanga pathological mahu fafau whakaora. Hei korero te pono, rawa, e kore te mea te reira tonu tika, no te mea e kore te mea e mohiotia pehea huru iwi ki te tātaritanga wehingia. I te mate tīariari taea te mea tetahi anake o nga matua.
I muri i whakapā ki te tākuta tamaiti mate me whakaatu aroha, aumauiui. Ka ite te tamaiti i te whakarongo, tiaki me te mātanga whakawhirinaki. whakapā tinana whakahauanga. Ko te wehi i roto i te tamaiti torutoru haere tika pa, stroking. Ki te amuamu te koati o te mamae, ka hiahia koe ki te ui ki ki te kite i te wahi e mamae. Na kia tino ki te mea ka ki nga whatumanawa, i te wāhi fakamamahi, me te mamae kore. I roto i te tirohanga i roto i tetahi take e taea kore whakama te manawanui iti, kata ki a ia.
pediatricians mohiotia
e mohio ana he tokomaha te iwi Evgeniya Olegovicha Komarovskogo. Ko te tākuta tamariki, tākuta o te kāwai rawa tenei. Kua oti te tuhituhi e ia he rota o pukapuka me ngā tuhinga i runga i mate o tamariki, te hauora o ngā tamariki. Ko hoki Komorowski he kaiwhakataki TV. I roto i te 2010, i runga i tīmata tetahi o te hongere TV Iukereiniana tuku, ka karanga "School o Dr. Komarovsky." parau te reira he wātea ki kaimätakitaki te tākuta i runga i te whānuitanga o ngā ma'i o tamariki, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te tikanga o to ratou maimoatanga. E whakatakotoria ana Ūkui reo i roto i Fale-. Hoki ngā tamariki ka taea e ara e koe ngā te whakawhitinga.
He koha nui ki te whanaketanga o Pediatrics whakaurua Leonid Mihaylovich Roshal. Ko te tākuta tamariki Soviet me Russian, taote, tenei Doctor o Medical Sciences. Kua tuhituhia e te mātanga he tokomaha nui o monograph. Kei te mohiotia tonu Roshal mo ratou itoito. i whakaorangia e ia nga tamariki, patunga a te rū whenua, pakanga me rave rahi.
I tetahi atu tākuta tamariki pai-mohiotia - Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Baranov. tuhituhi e ia e pā ana ki 500 mahi pūtaiao (monograph, pukapuka me mau buka). I tēnei wā, Alexander Baranov mahi MGMU Sechenov. Ko ia te upoko o te Tari o Pediatrics me Pediatric Rheumatology Pediatric Faculty.
I roto i te mutunga, ko reira ia tapao e Fale- - ko te peka tino nui o te rongoa. Ki te hiahia koe ki te waiho i te tākuta tamariki, ka taea e koe te haere ki te kura hauora. Ako i te tākuta he ngā, engari uaua. Kia mahara te reira e kore e whai i te tākuta tamariki i te mōhiotanga me te mahi pūkenga ariā tika, engari ano hoki 'ulungaanga whaiaro anake. kia kitea e ia e pai i roto i kōrero ki ngā tamariki, me o ratou ora.
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