Pere matatini "ërä". Cruise pere "ërä". Pūnaha pere te aro

I roto i te puna 2009, te whakaaturanga o ngā pūnaha ārai i Ahia pokapū "Innovator" mo te wa tuatahi whakaurua te pūnaha pere ki te pere ipu "ërä-K." Kei reira o wha missiles moana taua. rite te ipu ma rua-utanga noa te whakamahia nei mō te waka te pūnaha pere "ërä" titiro. E āwhina ana tēnei ki te whakaputa ke i te matatini ki te kia kite i mua ki te kau whakahohenga.

"Pūnaha wātea pere rautaki" - te ngā pera-ka karanga te pūnaha pere hou, no te mea ko tona utu anake iti iho i te tekau ma rima miriona tāra.

missiles kiato

Ko te tohunga hōia Western, te ahua o te rėpene taua meinga aitua, no te mea te whakawhetai ki a ia nga tikanga katoa o te whawhai i taua wa tino huringa. Ka taea e waiho he ipu taua mohio ki hea: te oko, me te moana, me i te pereoo auahi, a ki te hei tauaru ara, a ki te rere i roto i te manureva. Na reira, he tika te hoariri mai i reira ki te whakahaere i te tūhuratanga tino tino, i mua i te whakatau ki te whakaeke.

Otiia i roto i tetahi tauranga me te teihana tereina, ko te nui nui i roto i nga whenua whakawhanakehia taua ipu. mahi ratou rite te whare putunga, e taea te whakanohoia e ratou ranei kia whakanohoia ai taputapu kaimahi. I tua atu, e taea e raua momo rerekē o te tipu te mana, me te ake. Na te whakatau i o nga rau o nga mano o ipu ko roto matatini pere "ërä" Ko tata e taea.

Transport mō te whakamahi haukāinga, e tino tika mo taua taonga. I roto i nga kaipuke tini me tereina ki te taua, ki kahore ipu rerekē kitea e anake te kiko. Na te pupuri i ara o ratou āmiorangi kahore he hoki arumanga kore taea.

mataku Te Hau-ā-uru

E ai ki te niupepa o Ingarangi «te Daily Telegraph», tohunga whakapono e ki te i taua pūnaha pere Iraq, ko reira pea e kua e huaki te United States te Persian Gulf, rite tino kia whai tetahi pōti utanga i roto i te Gulf i te poari i te tākirirangi matatini "ërä ".

faaite te Taparima āwangawanga nui ki runga ki te meka i timata Russia whakahere pūnaha pere ki te hunga katoa e taea te whakaekea e te United States. whakapono ratou e ka kia te motunga te āhuatanga i roto i te ao, ki te hinga taua patu, mo te tauira, i roto i Venezuela Iran ranei.

I roto i te US, a nui mua manukanuka e fakataumu'a Russia ki te hoko Iran S-300, he te kaha ki te whakaata i whakaeke pere US ranei Iharaira. Takekore ki te mea e te matatini pere "ërä" - e kore ko te rangi korero me te patu patu tenei.

"Ërä" āhuatanga. He aha te mea na mataku te Te Hau-ā-uru?

hangaia mua pūnaha pere i ki kia whakaurua anake i roto i kaipuke me mua. Ko te pakaruhanga OKB "Innovator" takoto i roto i te meka e kua tāuta te missiles ipu hou i roto i te ipu tikanga a taea rere autonomously. Ko te kupu ke radically te whakamahi o missiles.

"Mehua-K" e kore here ōkawa i roto i te whakamahi. Range missiles ipu "ërä-K" ko i rua rau e rima tekau ki te toru rau kiromita, e kore e ballistic ratou. I mua, haere atu nga Amelika mo tetahi herenga o ratou ki tāwāhi o missiles ipu "Tomahawk". Ka rite ki te putanga, a kua kahore missiles here kaweake ipu, rawa he tawhiti iti taua Russia.

He aha te na whakamōhiotia pere matatini hōia o te Taparima "ërä"? āhuatanga matatini e kore sverhtehnologichnym rerekē, me te hou. He kahore-whānui roa patu i te ūnga me kahore he super-nohopuku.

Heoi, ko te ati o te matatini mo te hoariri, ko te e he ia i roto i rawa te ipu kiato, me te tata kore nei e kitea ki tetahi maramarama - hangarau rangi ranei. Ka taea e waiho mea ohie ki te tāuta tata ki hea, mo te tauira, mō te ārai takutai. I muri i te katoa, te reira missiles ipu anake. Ko! Ngā mihi ki a ratou, he whati ohorere ake parepare takutai e kore e mahi i te mea e rapu utu i te reira ki te patua maha rawa ngā whāinga, te nuinga o nei e kia teka.

Na reira, e kore e nga kaikawe maia ki te rere ki runga tata ki te uta, a kore e taea te kaipuke huaki amphibious kia pai hoki nui ina ngana te taunga.

Faaite te whakaaro e te mea te korero rangi, a whitikiria atu i roto i te ipu taua, i nga rohe moana, tino kore tetahi e kua i maia ki te haere koe.

Me pēhea te ki te hanga i te ipu tākirirangi

pūnaha pere, momo ipu whakaputaina i roto i Russia JSC "āwangawanga" Morinformsystem-Agathe. " I roto i te kotahi ipu tāuta i runga i whakarewatanga wha missiles. Ko haunga tenei, e ti'a ia tatou e rua atu ipu rite. I roto i tetahi o te raro kia te wae mana, a i roto i te tahi atu - te tautoko Kōwae ora me te mana supply. Na roto i kawea atu ratou tiaki ia rā, me te arowhai, te fariiraa i whakahau ki te shooting, te tātai o te raraunga ūnga, whakahaere whakangungu i mua i te tīmatanga, te misioni rere, me te whakarewa tākirirangi.

Hei ite i tēnei, faufaa katoa o te kōrero pai, whakatere i te pee'utari, e te pou whakahau me te waka. Na reira, e pea ki te tango i te rawa o tenei tikanga, mai kore ratou e whai āmiorangi kohuru, me "ërä" whakaae te hononga i roto i te rōpū wāhi Russian.

missiles ipu - he whakaata o te riri o te whawhai i roto i te wā

patu matatini ipu Whāinga te kaipuke haukāinga, i roto i tuma waho. Kei tata te rohe, katia iho e ratou te rohe i te taunga mahi. I roto i te aroaro o rori me ngā rerewē, hei ratou pūkoro anti-complexes, e e taea ki te mutu i te hoariri i te tawhiti o te kore iti iho i te kotahi rau me te rima tekau kiromita atu ranei. Na reira, he tino whai hua mo te korero o enei complexes.

Anake kotahi "ërä" he nui ki te whakakapi i te kaipuke, me te rererangi manuao. Ko te tino whakataetae i roto i rite ki te taputapu utu i Western Europe utu tano o te matatini. Ko te matatini he tino mo submarines Tiamana, frigates, Spanish, Italian, waka topatopa me ētahi atu patu. Ahakoa e hoki kaha kanohi i te United Arab Emirates complexes.

complexes pere Russian

Ko te hapu o "taukei ki» (ranei «Club» - i roto i tona ahua kaweake) ngā rima missiles o ngā mahi rerekē, te kaha, me te whānui. Whakaahua "ërä" aroaro te raro nei.

whakawhanakehia Antiship ipu 3M54E i runga i te pūtake o "pamekaranete" Kei te whakamahia e hoki patua i runga i kawe rererangi. whānuitanga Whakahaere o te pere, ko te toru rau kiromita. Ko te tere rere o te pere, ko te 0.8 tere tangi. A, no te tata i te whāinga o ona piki tere me te neke atu i te kotahi kiromita ia te rua. Heoi, ki te totohu he kawe rererangi ki te patu kotahi te pere e kore e taea e tika, a reira ko te patu rauhanga.

Rocket "Arepa"

Otiia ko te wahi tuatahi o te pūnaha pere he tākirirangi, "Arepa", i tuatahi kitea i roto i te 1993 i te whakaaturanga i roto i Abu Dhabi me te whakaaturanga Aerospace ao i roto i Zhukovsky. I roto i te taua tau i whāngai ai.

Western tākirirangi momotuhi - SS-N-27 Sizzler. Otiia e karangatia ana ko "Club", "Kārikirangi" me "Arepa". Ko te missiles KarereHuna Russian - "ërä".

India tuatahi hokona te matatini hama pere "ërä". i tāutatia ratou i runga i frigates me submarines patu ope naval o India, nana nei i hanga nga kamupene Russian. Ko te hunga submarines e kua hokona kua, hanga, me te mahi ao hou. Ano, i enei pūnaha pere, i whakaritea e te reira ki te tuu i roto i Haina me rave rahi atu whenua.

"A fвfв-H" me "C-ërä"

I te tau 1990, i te kaweake missiles tapaea hoki Club-N me te Karapu-S mō submarines me kaipuke mata. I te tīmatanga, i whakamahia ratou ki te hinga mua. Na, whakarewahia 91RE1 tākirirangi i te ngongo tōkiri i roto i te mitamano e rima tekau-toru. Na roto o te wahi totoka o te pūkaha haere reira i raro i te wai, me te piki. Next, whakahohe te pūkaha e me haere tonu te atamira tuarua ipu pere "mehua" ki te neke ki te wāhi o te a Tūrongo. Submarine, Ko ia anake. A iti i muri mai, i roto i te tua ki missiles, patu mua, me te matatini i rite rawa ki te missiles anti-kaipuke. submarines Famous "Warszawianka" Project complexes 636,3 kaingārahu, Club-S. E kaweake ratou ki India ko China, Vietnam ko Algeria.

3M14E Cruise pere

He āhuatanga ōrite ki 3M54E1 tenei pere. Heoi, kua hangaia te reira ki te whakangaro ngā taumata whenua, e kore raro ( "ërä PL") me te mata ( "ërä NC"). pūnaha pere o tenei ahua, he iti rerekē te mana. Elements o tona whakahaere he barovysotomer e whakarato whati puku e tika ana ki te hiahia mo te tiketike e piripiri tika i roto i whakaawhiwhi o te rohe te tauturu me te pūnaha navigation amiorangi, e whai wāhi ana ki te arata'iraa nui-pū.

3M54E ko 3M54E1. Ritenga me ngā rerekētanga

3M54E 3M54E1 a ano i te whirihoranga rite. E meinga ratou kia rite ki paerewa whirihoranga aerodynamic taka-iho trapezoidal parirau, engari rerekē i roto i te maha o ngā wāhanga.

I whakarewanga 3M54E e toru ngā wāhanga: wahie totoka i te tīmatanga, Fakatolonga wai kaiwhakahohe me te toru o nga wahie totoka.

haamata Tīmata tika ki te atamira tuatahi, i muri nei te wehea reira me te whakarewahia parirau boosters-whakatuwheratanga. Te tere i tenei wā tae e rua rau me te wha tekau mita ia te rua. I muri te wehea hoki rapunga o te ūnga atamira tuarua, me te tīmata i te tuatoru. Ko te tere i te wa ano whakawhanake ake ki te mano mita ia te rua.

Ko te rerekētanga matua i te tākirirangi 3M54E1 3M54E - ko te ngaro o te toru o nga atamira. Na reira 3M54E1 pere he subsonic anake. Ko reira poto atu i rua mita. Ko tona warhead neke atu i tata rererua whakaritea ki te 3M54E tākirirangi. rere 3M54E1 me te ki whakarite te tauira, engari e kore e marara i te mutunga.

Ko te patu hou Russia

Rua tekau-toru i roto i Mahuru 2014 te rangatira o te Black Moana Navy korerotia ki te peresideni e ka kia hāngai Novorossiysk submarine, i whakatakotoria missiles ipu roa-whānui. A, no te ui i te peresideni no te whakamārama i runga i te mea rite te whānuitanga i roto i te pātai, ka mea te rangatira kaipuke e te whānuitanga o te missiles he rima rau kiromita. Tohunga whakapono e ko te missiles Russian hou missiles ipu 3M14 whānau o "ërä".

Ko te take i te pahi hopu diesel-hiko e te hunga i roto i te kaipuke Moana Black, whakarewa torpedoes diameter o e rima rau e toru tekau-toru mirimita. He enei āhuatanga, me te ipu pere "mehua" tuku ki runga ake. whakarewahia ana tēnei pere e i te tāuta poutū whakaaro submarine tōkiri ranei. E ai ki etahi whakatau tata, ngā reira o rua ngā momo o ngā waeine whawhai: he motuhake, me te tikanga. Ngā mihi ki te wahi motuhake o ngā mahi a te pere i taea e nui nui.

Tenei patu hou Russian Black Moana Fleet taea ki a koe i papaki ngā taumata waho te Moana Black, e kore mahue nga wahi o te whakamahinga tūturu.

Heoi e te iwi whānui i pā ana ki te whānui o missiles me te hawhe mano kiromita. Heoi, kua roa i mōhio o tenei, a tae noa roa-whānui missiles tohunga. I roto i te 2012, kua kī kē te rangatira o te kahupapa o Kapiana e "ërä" tākirirangi, i eke nei i runga i tona kaipuke taea patua whānui i roto i rua mano e ono rau kiromita.

Ko te kupu, mau nga missiles ipu Russian ake, ka mau "Tomahawk" US missiles ki te whānuitanga o e rua me te hawhe mano kiromita ki warheads karihi, me o te mano e ono rau ki warhead wehewehenga nui-taikaha.

tohunga Military i runga i missiles roa-whānui

whakaae tohunga e kore e te whakamahi o te roa-whānui ipu pere ofati i te Tiriti i runga i te Whakakore o missiles poto me te reo-whānui, no te mea ratou noa e kore e hinga ki raro i te mana o tenei tuhinga, me te tahi atu, te whakawhetai ki te US, i reira te kore tūmanakohia.

whakaaturanga o nāianei

i mōhio o te whanaketanga o taua missiles te aroaro o te whakaaturanga 2009 tohunga International. puritia Exhibition o taputapu hōia ki te whai wāhitanga o "taukei ki" te i mua. I te 2006 i roto i te Nizhny Tagil Rocket "Arepa" i faaite tuatahi i te whakaaturanga. Na e korero tatou e pā ana ki te pere roa i mua i taua, hoki i roto i te 90.

I roto i te tau 2010, i te whakaaturanga hōia ao i roto i te Qatar me pūnaha pere "ërä" i te aroaro o. Tenei takutai matatini Club-M pūkoro-momo modular matatini Club-U me te ipu matatini, tohu kē he tau mua i roto i Malaysia, Club-K.