PPA - Ko ... Taone mahi ture. momo o PPA

Ko te pūnaha ture Russian, ko te tino nui te kanorau o ngā mātāpuna o te ture. Otira kua hāngai ki runga ki te mea pēnei i te mahi ture. He aha e nga pau o ratou whakaputanga, me aha he nga momo o puna raraunga o te ture? He reira taea ki te whakamāori i te PPA wā i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē? He aha te mea te reira?

Ko te kite tuku iho o te āhua o PPA

Ētahi rōia whakapono te whakamāramatanga whai angamaheni o te wā "ngāue ture". Ko te tuhinga i roto i te tuhituhi whakaae e te raro ki te ture (tinana kāwanatanga, te hanganga o te kāwanatanga ā-rohe institution o manapori hāngai ranei) i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapuaki i te mau faaueraa o te kāwanatanga me te ture o te whanaunga i roto i te hapori.

Ko te taonga matua o mahi ture (haapotohia rite PPA ranei) - Ko te normative tenei. Ano hoki, E kore te mea kaupapa e farii ki te taonga enei puna ki te tautohetohe te whaitake.

Ko te kite pūtaiao o te āhua o PPA

I roto i ngā pūkenga ture kua whakapono e te NPA - ko te tuhinga i tuhituhia e faaite te pai ai o te okana mōhiohio o te kāwanatanga, mo te whakatü, whakatikatikanga whakakoretanga ranei o etahi ture o te ture (ture o te natura obligatory, he ngohengohe ki te whakamahi maha).

kite NPA Official o te natura

I roto i te taiao o mana tūmatanui whakamahi whakamāramatanga rerekē o ngā tauira e ko he ngāue ture. Ko tētahi o ratou, te PPA - he mahi kei roto tikanga ture, me te whakatū, e kua hangaia mō te wā-roa (te tikanga) whakamahi me tohaina ake (ranei te tino nui) tokomaha o nga tangata.

hoatu hoki te Hupirimi Kooti o te Russian Federation i tetahi o nga plenums te whakamāramatanga o te PPA. E ai ki nga kaiwhakawa, ngā nga mahi o te mana haamanahia rangatira ranei e whakaturia nga tikanga ture ture o mahi ranei ki tangata kāore i, me te kaupapa ki te whakamahi toutou, ahakoa o te aroaro ngaro ranei o whanaunga ture faaterehia e te mahi, ka mohiotia e ture, me te ture.

whakarōpū o PPA

He momo rerekē o PPA. Ngā take mō te torutoru ratou te whakarōpū. Ko tētahi o ratou, tei runga i te āhua o te mana ā-ture o te kaupapa kua, tukuna he ture (e pā ana ki te ture-mahi). Ko te pūnaha o tikanga, tangohia i roto i Russia, ngā te whakarōpū whai o nga puna o te ture o nga paearu i roto i te pātai:

• E ohipa te reira o tinana kāwanatanga (i runga i mo o te Kawanatanga Russian, hanganga rohe terenga wai ranei o te mana whakahaere).
• Tenei huinga o ngā ture tukuna e ngā rōpū tūmatanui (me corporations).
• Tenei tikanga tahi (e whakaputa pokapü kāwanatanga, ope piri, hei tauira, corporations).
• takenga reira o te ture, tangohia i te tāpaetanga i te pōti tika o te iwi.

kia rerekē i te tono geography momo o PPA. He hānga normative mahi ture o ngā kaupapa o te puna o te ture, me te te ture i whakaputaina e te municipalities, me mahi ā-rohe (rangatōpū, taumata ti'amâraa). Tētahi atu pūtake mō te whakarōpū o te PPA - te wā o te mana. He tuhinga, te mana o e kore te tautuhi, me i reira he puna rangitahi o te ture.

NPA me mahi o te tono o te ture

Ētahi rōia wehewehe i waenganui i te ariā o PPA me te taua mea hei mahi o tono o te ture. Rerekētanga i waenganui i te tuhinga e rua e taea e i roto i te mita e whai ake nei.

• Tuatahi, kei te hangaia nga ture mo te whakahaere angamaheni, pāpori whanaunga āhua auau. Acts o te tika ki te whakahaere i te āhuatanga ngā, ki te hanga i tētahi tauira. Tauira - te Code Civil o te Russian Federation - ko te PPA, me te whakatau e pā ana ki te whakarite o te tari o te tavana haepapa mo te take o Greening te pa - te mahi o te tono i te ture.
• Tuarua, he mea nui ki nei whakahaua te mahi te pūtake o te ture.

mahi normative-ture, kia rite ki te tikanga, e kore e whaiaro. E whakatutuki ratou ki te maha tuatau o te iwi. te tika ki te whakamahi i mahi takitahi e hāngai. Ka taea e PPA whakapumautia, whakarerekē ranei whakakore i tetahi tikanga. He kahore āhuatanga pērā tono tika Ture. E nehenehe te reira wahi o te tukanga uruhi, e pā ana ki te whakaritenga o mahi normative-ture.

NPA me kore-normative mahi ture

whakaaro ētahi tohunga reira e tika ana ki te wehewehe i waenganui i nga ariā o NAP me "kore-normative mahi ture." He paearu e whai ake. mahi normative - ko te hua o te mahi-ture o te mana me te rangatira. E ratou tikanga me tikanga o huru obligatory, kahore whaiaro, hangaia hoki te whakamahi i runga i te wā roa. e kore e mahi Non-normative roto i tetahi o enei tohu. Mea taea ratou whakamāramatanga - "kai, iti i roto i te wa, a ngā kaupapa motuhake."

I te wa ano e whakapono reira e he stricter mahi Deviant ka whakaturia kai unambiguous te tauwhāiti nga nunu'a ture o te tangata ngā rōpū ranei. GIC RF Kei kai i runga i nei te tangata, whakaaro e mahi ture kore-normative whakaputaina ki a ia, e takahi ana i nga parau tumu o tika tangata me ona rangatiratanga, kia whakataetae puta ona herenga rite rite ki te ihirangi o te mahi.

Scope o tono o ture e hānga ana

Ko tētahi o nga momo matua o hānga NPA i Russia - ture. Enei ture, ka rite ki te tahi mau ture e te mau uiraa matua e whai ake nei:

• iteraa o te tika, rangatiratanga, me ngā kawenga o tangata, ratou haumaru;
• whakapumautia paerewa o fatongia ture o tangata mo ngā mahi rerekē.

He pātai o whanaunga e hānga ana hoki te ture o te Ture Federal. Tenei tukanga whakahaere manapori (pōtitanga i ngā taumata, referenda).

He kawenga mō te hātepe whakatūturutanga faahaparaa ranei o nga whakaaetanga hainatia e Russia ki ētahi atu āhua i te mahi ture o te Russian Federation i te taumata e hānga ana. ture Federal whakahaere kaupapa here moni, mau ohipa kohinga tāke. FL - Rauemi o te ture e pā ana ki te haumaru motu me te kaupapa here hōia. I te taumata e hānga ana ki te whakatutuki i ngā pātai matua e pā ana ki te pūnaha tika, te otinga o tautohetohe ā, mahi apitireihana, te ture. ture Federal hangaia ki te whakahaere i ngā ao o te ora tūmatanui, me te whare kāwanatanga. He ko te ture Federal "I Joint Stock Kamupene", i reira te mea he mahi rite whakahaere i te mahi o te Kamupene. Ētahi rōia whakaae ki te whakarōpū o FL ki e rua ngā momo - te ture o nāianei, me te tapa'opa'ohia te.

Ko te Ture - mahi ki te kaha teitei ture

Ko te NPA Russian matua - ko te Ture. Kei a ia te kaha ture nui rawa. e hua ana tenei puna o te ture i te huru wāhanga: tohutohu me ngā ture roto i te Ture, ko te pūtake mo tino katoa atu mahi ture tukuna i Russia. Kaikauwhau i te puna o te ture he mea ke atu i te iwi Russian. Ko te Ture - e kore anake tuhinga ture nui. Ko te akoranga turanga o nga tukanga pāpori, me te tōrangapū matua tenei. faaite te reira i te piringa pāpori o iwi, ia o nei kia whai i te moni tōrangapū rawa ahurei. Ko te Ture o te Russian Federation e whakaritea ngā āhuatanga matua o te kāwanatanga, te hanganga o te kāwanatanga, te hononga i waenganui i te taupori me ngā pūtahi pāpori-tōrangapū te whenua o.

Ko te pau o ture ture e hānga ana

He momo o te ture Federal - Ture Kaupapa Ture. E ratou etahi āhuatanga. E hanga ēnei ture mo te whakaaro o te tukanga ture, e te mārama ana te tuhi i roto i te Ture. I roto ia ratou, mo te tauira, te mana o ngā pūtahi kāwanatanga matua. E whakaritea o ratou mahi i ture ture - "I runga i te Kawanatanga", "I Kooti Ture", me te rite. He mahi e whakahaere te mana whakataki whakakorenga ranei, e pa ana te tohu o te mana arii kāwanatanga. I roto i te hunga ture i runga i te whakataki o te ture hōia. whakaurua Russian ture kaupapa ture e hānga ana tikanga, me ngā ture mo te hanganga whakahaere, me te tōrangapū o te whenua, te tautuhi i te ture e ai taea te tangohia kaiwhakaari hou i roto i te Kotahitanga. Ko runga ake i taua o mau e hānga ana (i raro i te Ūpoko 76 o te Ture) i te ope ture o ture ture. E tangohia ēnei mahi i roto i te raupapa tino. Hei tauira, ki te whakamana te whakatika i te ture ture, ki te pōti "mo" ranei e kore e waiho iti iho i te 60% o nga mema o o te Kaunihera Federation me i te iti rawa e rua-hautoru o nga kawana State Duma.

Ture o te Federation

Ia o nga kaupapa RF - kia ratou motuhake rohe, rohe, rohe käwanatanga ranei - i te tika ki te puta ratou ake ture. E tangohia taua mahi ture normative hanganga ture ranei te tinana māngai o te kaupapa (maha, ko reira he kaunihera kāwanatanga). Acts puta e te mana o te Federation, tikanga ki te whakahaere i ngā take e pā ana ki te wāhanga matua o te whanaketanga tōrangapū, me te ōhanga pāpori o te rohe.

Ko te paearu matua - tautukunga ki te Ture Russian ki te hanga ture, me te tahi atu, teitei PPA kaha ture. Tauira: i reira ko te ture Federal "I te mau parau tumu whānui o te rohe whaiaro kāwanatanga-." Ko te ture i whakaritea i roto i reira, kia tangohia ki pūkete i roto i te hanganga o te anga ture e pā ana ki te mahi o te Federation o Municipalities. Ki te, mea, te āhua o te Republic o Tatarstan Kaunihera ohi ona ture i runga i te rohe whaiaro kāwanatanga-, e kore e nga ture i roto i reira fehangahangai te ture, whakarārangitia nei ki runga ake. Ētahi roia whakapono e riro mai te pānga o te PPA mana kāwanatanga o te Federation, e kore e tono ki take ā-iwi, no te mea he ratou tera taha te hōkai o tohutoro o te hanganga-rohe.

Āhuatanga o te mahi ture terenga

Terenga mahi ture rerekē i PPA taumata e hānga ana, me te rohe e te tono anake i roto i te tetahi rohe - pa, te mataeinaa, takiwa. Ko te pūnaha o mahi ture i te taumata terenga ngā o te puna e whai ake nei:

• tūtohinga o te kōwae rohe;
• puna o te ture, i whakaputaina i te taha o te mana ā-rohe o te kāwanatanga māngai;
• Acts tangohia e te Koromatua, te whakahaere, me te tahi atu rangatira (rite ki te tikanga).

kia whāngai terenga mahi ture i runga i te taupori rohe o te tāpaetanga te huihuinga ranei. He meka faahiahia e whai i te NPA te kaha ture taua rite nga oko o te rōpū. Ano, tukuna he tau i ma'iri a'e nei Russian Tāhū o te Ture he tikanga whakahaere i te ōwehenga o te tikanga terenga wai i te wā o tona rēhita kāwanatanga me ngā puna o te ture whakaaetia mo Assembly o te People. Ki te whakaaetia e te tūtohinga i ngā ture e te hunga tika ke ki te hunga i roto i te NAP, tangohia i roto i te tāpaetanga pōti, kore te mohio reira rite muimui ki te Ture o Russia, a kore e taea te rēhita.

ture International o te Russian Federation

He he he momo motuhake o mahi ture - Ture i runga i whakamana faahaparaa ranei o whakaaetanga ao a Russia. E tangohia e ratou i runga i te pūtake o te Upoko 106 o te Ture. Ēnei ture i te tukanga motuhake mo te whakatamarikitanga, engari ko te wahi tonu o te pūnaha ture motu ratou. Tānga o te mahi normative-ture o tenei momo haere i roto i te Bulletin o whakaaetanga ao. kī Tuhinga ahau-15 o te Ture e ngā tiriti hainatia e te Russian Federation ki ētahi atu whenua, he matua mo ture motu. A no te mea te karanga etahi roia taua PPA teitei i roto i te raupapatanga o ture e hānga ana.

kāwanatanga PPA

mahi normative o te Kawanatanga RF tukuna i runga i Tuhinga 115 o te Ture, me te rite ki nga tikanga o te ture ture "I te kāwanatanga." He aha te mea te natura ture o te kāwanatanga PPA? I roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite i nga whakaritenga o te Ture, Ture, tukuna ta peresideniraa kāwanatanga Russian he puka motuhake o ngā tuhinga - tikanga, mau oro'a, me te aroturuki i to ratou mahi. Acts whakaputaina e te Kawanatanga, ai kaimahi. Me waiho ratou tino hāngai ki te Ture, me ētahi atu puna o te ture e hānga ana. Resolution, kia rite ki te tahi mau ture, - te puka tino nui o te kāwanatanga PPA. Enei puna whakahaere i nga take matua i roto i te mātau o te mana whakahaere i roto i Russia. Order - he mahi ture whakahaere i te take o nāianei. Rua momo o puna o te ture i tangohia e te kāwanatanga, te tikanga te Peresideniraa, engari i roto i ētahi wā ka taea e whakaputa ratou ake Pirimia o Russia.