Pūpū Pupillary me tohu o te mate

Kanohi he tinana tika nui mō te mahi noa o te tinana, me te ora fakahoko. Ko te mahi matua - te tirohanga o whakaohooho marama, a ko te kupu i reira ko te pikitia.

hanganga āhuatanga

Ko te reira i te piringa okana o aroaro i roto i te kōhao motuhake o te angaanga, e kiia nei ko te ohuraa. C. rerekë karapotia uaua kanohi, i nei te puritia reira, ka oho. Kei kanohi o te maha ngā wāhanga:

1. Tonu 'Afio, e kua he āhua porohita e pā ana ki 24 mm i roto i te rahi. Kei a ia ko tangiwai, arotahi, me te whakakatakata wai. karapotia tenei katoa e kiriuhi e toru: te pūmua, mata iaia me whakaritea i roto i te raupapa whakamuri. Elements, whakawhetai ki nei huri i te reira i te pikitia, kei runga i te etine. Enei āhuatanga Ko nga receptors e he tairongo ki te marama;
2. pūrere paruru, e ngā o nga kamo o runga me raro, turanga kanohi;
3. Adnexa. Ko te wāhanga matua ko te repe lacrimal me ona aerodynamics;
4. pūnaha Oculomotor, i te mea te kawenga mō te kaupapa o te 'Afio, me te tito o uaua;
5. io whatu.

mahi taketake

Ko te mahi matua whakamana e te kite - ko te wehewehe i waenganui i nga āhuatanga tinana rerekē o ngā, pērā i wherikotanga, tae, te āhua, te rahi. I roto i te taha ki te mahi o ētahi atu analyzers (rongo, haunga, me ētahi atu) ka taea ki te whakahaere i te tūranga o te tinana i roto i te wāhi, engari te whakatau ano hoki te tawhiti ki te ahanoa. Ko Ko te aha kia kawea te ārai o mate kanohi i roto i ki te auautanga te haaviraa.

Aroaro o te pupillary kahuki

I roto i te mahi noa o te kanohi, i raro i etahi tauhohe waho anoo na ka karanga reflexes pupillary, i roto i nei whāiti ko te tauira whānui ranei. pūpū Pupillary, pewa pūpū e ko te tïpako kikokiko o te tauhohe o te tauira ki te taunaki marama o te hauora kanohi me te rauropi katoa. Ko te aha i roto i te tahi mau mate te tākuta mea tuatahi i roto i nga arowhai o tenei pūpū.

He aha te mea te tauhohenga?

tauira tauhohenga, pera-ka karanga pūpū pupillary (ingoa atu - pūpū raduzhkovy, iritichesky pūpū) ranei ko etahi huringa i roto i te āhuatanga rārangi o te whatupango kanohi. Kei te nuinga o te rāhuitanga meinga e hukihuki o te uaua iris, me te tukanga whakamuri - whakangā - arata'i ki roha o te tauira.

take ka taea

Ka karanga te huinga o te tahi mau whakaohooho pūpū, te nuinga o nei whakaaro ko ki te hei huringa i roto i te taumata o te māramatanga o te wāhi e karapoti ana. I tua atu, huringa i roto i te rahi tauira e taea puta mo te take e whai ake nei:

• mahi o te tahi mau raau taero. Ko te aha ratou e whakamahia rite te tikanga o te āhua o te tuwhena rawa o rongoā hohonu nui o rehunga ranei Tātaritia;
• te huri i te wāhi arotahi o te tirohanga o te tangata;
• he wawahi aronganui, e rua kino, me te pai ōrite.

Ki te kore whakautu

Ko te kore o te tauhohenga o te tauira ki te marama kia tohu āhua rerekē o te iwi nei e te ati ki te ora, me te rapu utu tohunga wawaotanga tonu.

Aronui pupillary pūpū

Ko te uaua e whakahaere te mahi o te tauira ngāwari e taea pā tona uara, ki te tomo ratou he faaitoitoraa ngā i te waho. Tenei taea ki a koe te whakatika i te whiwhinga o te marama i tomo tika ki te kanohi. Ki te te whakangungu rakau kanohi i te rā taumai, a ka whakatuwhera i reira, te whatupango, i te mea i mua i-whänui i roto i te pouri, kotahi iti i roto i te rahi, no te te marama. Pupillary pūpū, pewa pūpū e haamata i roto i te etine, tohu mahi noa o te tinana.

Ko te iris e rua ngā momo o uaua. Ko tētahi rōpū ko te muka uaua annular. Innervating muka parasympathetic o te karere whatu. A, no te enei kirimana uaua, tenei tukanga ai constriction o te tauira. Ko tētahi atu rōpū he kawenga mo te roha o te tauira. Kei roto te reira i muka uaua toropā e kua innervated e raru pukuaroha.

Ko te tino angamaheni iahiko kahuki Pupillary, i roto i te raupapa e whai ake nei. Ko te marama e haere i roto i ngā papa o te kanohi, me te refracted reira taka tika i runga i te etine. Photoreceptors, e kua kei konei, i roto i tenei take, ko te timatanga o te pūpū. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, ko tenei te wahi tīmata te ara, me te pupillary kahuki. Innervation o nga raru parasympathetic pā te mahi o te sphincter o te kanohi, me te pewa pupillary kahuki ngā reira i roto i tona hanganga. huaina te tukanga iho te te ringa efferent. He hoki te pera-ka karanga pokapū o te pūpū pupillary, i muri nei ngā raru ko te huri i to ratou aronga: etahi o ratou e haere i roto i te kakau roro me te wahi o te turanga kanohi i roto i te mokamoka runga, te atu - ki te sphincter o te tauira. I runga i tenei ara mutu. Ko katia te pūpū pupillary te. Ko te ngaro o te tauhohenga taua kia tohu i tetahi maumaui o te tinana tangata, e te aha piri te reira na nui faufaa.

pūpū Pupillary me tohu o te mate

I roto i te ako o tenei pūpū tangohia te ki pūkete e rave rahi āhuatanga o te tauhohenga:

• uara constriction o te ākonga;
• te hanga;
• taurite o te tauhohenga;
• nekeneke o ngā ākonga.

He maha ngā pathologies tino rongonui whakaaro e reflexes pupillary accommodative ka ohorere, tohu e malfunctions i te tinana:

• immobility Amavroticheskaya o nga tauira. Tenei āhuatanga Ko te mate o te tauhohenga whakamua, ka marama te kanohi matapo, me te tauhohe hoa ki raruraru kite, ki te kore kitea. He maha nga take o nga mate tino kanorau o te etine me ara ataata. Ki te immobility unilateral ko te hua o te amaurosis (pāpaka tuaroa), ka ngā ki te roha o te tauira, ahakoa iti, i reira te mea he pea o te anisocoria (tamariki e rerekē te rahi). A, no te kore e e pāngia te pakaru atu tauhohe pupillary. Ki te whakawhanake amaurosis i runga i ngā taha e rua (arā, kua pāngia kanohi e rua i te wa ano), e kore nga tauira e huru, ara ka whai wāhi ki hihi o te ra e atu, e ko, ko tino ngaro te pūpū pupillary.
• Ko tētahi atu immobility momo amavroticheskoy o nga tamariki - gemianopicheskaya immobility o te tauira. Pea i reira ko te hinga o te wahi whatu, haere tahi nei i hemianopsia, arā, te hawhe matapo o te mara ataata, faaite nei i te ngaro o te pūpū pupillary i roto i kanohi e rua.

• Robertson pūpū immobility syndrome ranei. takoto te reira i roto i te ngaro oti o rua tauhohenga hāngai, me te hoa o tauira. Heoi, pērā i te ahua o mua o te hinga, i te pūtahitanga o te whakautu (constriction o te tamariki i roto i te kaupapa e matakitaki arotahi i runga i te wāhi motuhake), me te wāhi noho (te huri ngā āhuatanga o waho i roto i nei i reira ko te tangata) e kore e pakaru. meinga tenei tohumate e te meka e tango huringa wahi i roto i te kanohi innervartsii parasympathetic ka reira he whakangaromanga o karihi parasympathetic, ona muka. kia tohu tenei syndrome te aroaro o te pūnaha io atamira pakewakewa nui, uaua pūrongo encephalitis syndrome, puku roro (ara, i roto i nga waewae), me te whara roro pāmamae.

• immobility pūmau oti ranei o te akonga (e ko, e kore te mea whāiti, me e kore e whakawhānui i te katoa). A, no te kitea ki te kurupae o te marama hihi tauira pāngia e te ngaro o rua whakautu hāngai me te hoa ki te faaitoitoraa. e kore te mea tonu, engari āta whakawhanake i te tauhohenga taua. Ka rite ki te tikanga, haamata te reira ki te ofatiraa o tauhohe pupillary whaiaroaro - mydriasis (tauira pū), te kore o te nekeneke o ngā ākonga.

pea te take mumura i roto i te karihi, te tuarā te kātua o te karere haepapa mō nekehanga kanohi ranei; te arotahi i roto i te tinana ciliary, pukupuku, abscesses posterior raru ciliary.