Pūtahitanga - Ko reira e kore e uaua

Hoki te hunga e kore e nei mohio ki ta te pūtahitanga o te koiora, kia haamaramarama te reira e tae mai te ariā ki a tatou i Latino, a tikanga reira "pūtahitanga." Me kï reira e tenei whakamāramatanga whakamahia te kore anake i roto i te koiora, engari ano hoki i roto i wetereo, torotoro waea, a tae noa i roto i te pūtaiao tōrangapū. Ko te aha kia reira kia matau ai te pūtahitanga - ko te tohu o te tetahi faitatau i roto i ngā e te hunga Nä roto i te natura, i whakatika i roto i te horopaki o te kukuwhatanga. Ka rite ki te hua o tenei tukanga, to ratou he maha etahi o huanga rite (hei tauira, ahua, tinana hanganga).

e mohio ana tokomaha te iwi e te ara o te pūtahitanga puta, mo te tauira, mango kaunuku, aihe, rere kiriuhi marsupials squirrels me squirrels e rere. Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te puka whanaketanga o ngā rōpū o ngā kaiao ora, kua tohaina reira pūtahitanga me hahiraa, me te parallelism.

Ko te irreversibility o te tukanga whanaketanga

I roto i te kukuwhatanga o ia kaiao haere te etahi ngā wāhanga i roto i to ratou whanaketanga, ka pā tenei ki tino wāhanga hanganga katoa. A, ki te pūtahitanga - ko te "faitatau", me whai whakaaro koe faahohonuraa me ētahi atu ariā.

1. hahiraa - aua rerekētanga āhuatanga e te tīariari i roto i te ngā momo. Tenei tukanga koiora ārahi ki te putanga o ngā rōpū hou, me te takitahi. Ko atu korerotia te hahiraa, te nui riro te rerekētanga he ahua ngā, me te hua e haamata te tinana ki te rerekē i roto i te ahua e kore e anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te hanganga ā-, i runga i te taiao, me ngā āhuatanga o te wāhi o te kōwhiringa mō te oraraa. A ka taea e anake kotahi rohe tīpako hunga e taea ora i roto i te taiao. Nā ki te meka e te matua ariā o te kukuwhatanga he kōwhiringa tūturu, anake ora te koutu momo me ngoikore - mate.

2. pūtahitanga - ko, ki runga ake te katoa, he hahiraa ritenga āhuatanga. I roto i tenei take, timata i te ngā kaiao ki te whiwhi i ngā puka rite. Pinepine he tika ki te noho taua, ona tikanga taketake me ngā āhuatanga tenei. Me kï reira e he tino noa i roto i te ao kararehe, i reira, hei tauira, e kore e taea e manu ora ki waho o parirau te āhuatanga o te pūtahitanga, kia waiho te ika āhua kaunuku, me te pera i runga i.

3. Parallelism - whakamaoritia i te reo Kariki, tenei ariā tikanga "taahiraa i muri". Tenei whanaketanga i roto i te horopaki o te kukuwhatanga o ngā rōpū ōrite e he ira tata, engari te rironga o ngā ritenga i roto i enei māngai kore e whakawhirinaki ki runga ki tetahi ki tetahi. Tata tonu, kua riro enei āhuatanga i tupuna. Homai e tütakitanga - ko reira te ōritenga āta e e puta i te tetahi whakawhirinakitanga, i whakaritea concurrency te tika e te tukanga hītori (i roto i ngā, e korero tatou e pā ana ki te phylogeny).

He aha he tītohunga pūtahitanga reira

oti, no te whakaaro o nga ariā taketake i roto i te horopaki o te whanaketanga kua mea e te pūtahitanga - he āhuatanga auau, i te mea tūturu i roto i te māngai matua o te ao kararehe. Noatia, Kei te maha kitea te hahiraa me parallelism i roto i te natura. Otiia e kore e taea te whakakahore te hiahia mo te pūtahitanga, no te mea kahore e nga take o taua ritenga whakaritea e te aroaro o te whanaungatanga me te tetahi huinga o tohu i i whakawhanakehia i roto i te tukanga whanaketanga, ki tetahi ranei tetahi ahua o kaiao ora ki te ora, me te riro kaha.

Ko te kupu, ko te take matua, ko te pūtahitanga o te faitatau tika o niches kaiao noho ratou te hunga atu māngai o te ao kararehe ranei. Ki te tiro koe te tauira tino rongonui o ngā ritenga convergent, ka taea e tatou maramarama no te aha i etahi momo o māngai o kaiao ora i tetahi āhua ngā, ahua, me etahi āhuatanga āhua noho.