Richter tauine - he aha te mea i ona painga mahi?

Kua rongo ia o tatou e pā ana ki te mau fifi o te ora, me te hauora o te iwi ru. Aua'e, E taea e ki te matapae i te tīmatanga ka taea o te ru hou mea rū, me te mana i te whai wāhi ki te whakamōhio i te iwi whānui e pā ana ki te riri haamouraa, a i roto i ētahi wā ki te whakatahi ia i te rohe o te kino kua whakaarotia. Otiia me pehea ki te matau, me pehea kaha ka nga tremors, a he aha te kino meinga ratou? I muri i te katoa, i reira he he hypocenter ru (arotahi i roto i te kirinuku o te whenua), te putake (te wāhi i runga i te mata o te whenua, kei nei i raro i te hypocenter), i roto i te tua ki te ru rahi pānga te hanganga o te oneone, a tae noa pūmautanga rū o whare. I roto i ētahi wā, ka taea te ua te tremors ngoikore, me i roto i etahi - ake. Na ki te whakaahua i te kaha o te oscillation oneone whakaaetia tauine ao Richter, a mohio te waeine o te inenga o te ope ru te nui.

I roto i te tika kia tuhia te reira e kore e Richter no ki te tatü o te whanaketanga o te tauine ru kaha ao. I whakawhanakehia te reira e te Italian pūtaiao Mercalli, a ki runga ki te 30-doma o XX rautau, a ka huaina a reira - ". Mercalli tauine" Tuhinga reira o 12 ngā (tino pea, i faaauraa ki te tere whakatauranga me kaha o te hau i te 12-ira tauine Beaufort). E Mercalli, te paruparu pana (kaha 1 ira) He he torutoru noa iwi nei e tairongo ki tremors whenua, me te kaha (12 ngā) arata'i ki te whakaoti i te whakangaromanga o nga whare, a tae noa te huri i te whenua. whakaaro tauine Mercalli mō ru i runga 6 ngā te he kaha, pai i raro - ngoikore. Ko Mercalli tauine, e kore whenua katoa whakamahia, hei tauira, i roto i Japan, i whakaritea e te reira ki te ine i te ru i runga i te kura 7-ira, me te i roto i te tahi mau whenua koa te tauine 10-ira o Rossi me Forel. Ki te haerenga mai o te ao, i reira ko he hiahia ki te whakawhanake i tētahi tauine ao ki seismographs katoa i runga i te ao mārama i taea e whakamārama te whānuitanga o te riri haamouraa ki ona hoa tata. Tenei tauine, riro nei kua noa i roto i te ao, ka te tauine Richter.

I te tīmatanga, he kaiputaiao Japanese whakaarohia T. Welat ki te ine i te kaha o ngā rū whenua whakamōhio te tauine nui taupū kōaro (i roto i te magnitudo Latin - rahi, uara), e tango ana ki te pūkete te tapeke pūngao o te wiri whenua. kauwhatarū American Ch.Rihter whakaarohia mō te ine i te rahi o ru whakamahi taupū kōaro mōrahi oscillation tīwera o te oneone (tatau e te rite tika hautanga ki te ine i te faatura ki te ngira kauwhatarū, hanga he ako mo te tawhiti i te putake). Ko te whakamārama pūtaiao e kore, o te akoranga, te tangata noho ohie tika whakawa pehea e tauturu i te tauine Richter reira ki te tautuhi tūpono i te ru ka ū mai tenei.

I roto i Russia ru, e lekooti anake whakaaro rū, engari e kore e te iwi, tata i te 1 wāhi. Ki te ngaehe te rūnanga rihi, a ki runga ki te patunga o runga o whare roroa e whakangaueuetia chandeliers, ka tata te ru ko ki te kia 4 ngā. O te akoranga, e tika kitenga o te rohe, e taea te nekehia atu i te putake o maha rau o kiromita enei, me te tauine Richter me ngā kaute o enei ōritenga ko tino onge. Otiia, e te painga mahi e taea ai te reira ki te mahi i roto i te mahi tika i roto i te ru i te Russian taua kaha ru āhuatanga. Hei tauira, ina e hiahia ana koe te kaha o ueuetanga i roto i te ngā 6 ki te waiho i te ruma (rawa te rōpū, me te tiketike-ara), a ki te kahore e taea tenei, noho atu i matapihi, me e tata ana te taiepa i roto o te hanganga.

E te ara, ahakoa i te meka i whawhati Richter tona tauine ki 12 ngā, te ru tino kaha, i kitea e te mea e kore nui te nui o 9 ngā. Ko hoê aueueraa fenua rahi i roto i te raki-rawhiti o India August 15, 1950. kawea te reira i te mate o te mano iwi, engari i runga i te whenua i muri i hanga reira nga hapa hou me rahunga, ko Brahmaputra te awa ke tona akoranga.