Rongoā kawehiko

rongoā kawehiko He wai motuhake e he wāhanga tino ranei i te puka o matūriki i ako (katote). Ko te tukanga rawa o wāwāhi nga rāpoi ngota i runga i te tōraro (ng ngota) me pai whakatupato (tīhiko) matūriki i huaina dissociation -hiko. Dissociation i roto i te otinga, ko te taea anake e tika ana ki te kaha o nga katote ki te taunekeneke ki te rāpoi ngota o te wai neke i mahi rite te whakarewa.

He aha e electrolytes

E wehea rongoā kawehiko ki waiwai, me te kore-waiwai. ako Water rawa pai, a ko te tino whānui. Ko ratou i roto i tata nga rauropi ora me te whai wāhi i roto i te maha ngā tukanga koiora nui. electrolytes Non-wai te tono mō ngā tukanga iahiko me te momo o te tauhohe matū. Kua arahina ratou whakamahi ki te tenenga o ngā mātāpuna pūngao matū hou. tākaro rātou i te wāhi nui i roto i ngā pūtau photoelectrochemical, kōtuitanga organic, pūnga iahiko -hiko.

rongoā kawehiko, i runga i te kei tohu o dissociation taea te wehea ki kaha, reo, me te ngoikore. dissociation tohu (α) - ko te ōwehenga o te rāpoi pakaru i roto i te matūriki whakatupato ki te katoa maha o ngā rāpoi ngota. I roto i te electrolytes kaha uara alpha tata ki te 1, i te α≈0,3 waenganui, me te α ngoikore <0,1.

Na roto i te tikanga electrolytes kaha ngā Mariao, e rave rahi o etahi waikawa - HCl, HBr, HI, HNO _3, H ₂ SO _4, HClO _4, waihā o konu, strontium, konupūmā me konganuku alkali. Ētahi atu turanga me te waikawa - kawehiko reo ranei ngoikore kaha.

rongoā kawehiko Āhuatanga

Kei te maha haere tahi rongoā Mātauranga i ngā pānga waiariki me huringa i roto i te rōrahi. Ko te tukanga o ā tātau te kawehiko i roto i te inu e wahi i roto i te toru ngā wāhanga:

1. utu te whakangaromanga o here matū me te kawehiko intermolecular memeha titau te nui etahi o te pūngao, me te reira puta absorption wera _(moka? H> 0).
2. I roto i tenei taahiraa, tīmata te whakarewa ki te taunekeneke ki te katote kawehiko, hua i roto i te hanganga o solvates (i roto i te wairewa - hydrates). mohiotia ana tēnei tukanga te me he solvation putawera, i.e. puta exotherm (Δ H _hydr <0).
3. Ko te atamira whakamutunga - tūringiringi. Tenei tohatoha ōrite o hydrates (solvates) i roto i te otinga nuinga. Me whiwhi tēnei tukanga te whakapaunga o te pūngao, me te reira te matao o te otinga te _(pārōnaki? H> 0).

Ko te kupu, e taea te tuhituhi i te tapeke pānga waiariki o ā tātau te kawehiko i roto i te puka e whai ake:

_Sol? H =? H +? H _{fakahoko pārōnaki waipēhi?} H +

Mai i taua, he aha e waiho te wāhanga o te pānga pūngao tei runga i te tohu whakamutunga o te wera katoa o te whakakāhoretanga o te pānga kawehiko. Ko te tikanga he pauwera tenei tukanga.

Āhuatanga o te otinga tei matua i runga i te āhua o ona wāhanga wāhanga. I tua atu, kei te awe nga āhuatanga o te hanganga otinga kawehiko, te pēhanga me te pāmahana.

Tei runga i te ihirangi o katoa o nga rongoā rewanga kawehiko taea te wehea ki te tino memeha (i roto i nei anake kei "tohu" kawehiko), waimeha (kei roto i te nui iti o te rewanga) me kukū (ki te ihirangi kawehiko nui).

tauhohe matū i roto i rongoā kawehiko, e kua meinga e te wahi o te nāianei hiko arata'i ki te wehe o etahi rauemi mo te electrodes. huaina ana tēnei āhuatanga ko-iahiko me te maha whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi hou. I roto i ngā, e tika ana ki te iahiko whiwhi konumohe, hauwai, māota, konutai waihā, te hauwai waikuratei, a he tokomaha atu matū nui.