Saponins - he aha te mea te reira? Āhuatanga, whakaahuatanga

Matū saponins (hoki glycosides saponizidy geterozidy ranei) - he pärönaki o triterpenoids me steroids. E ratou he mahi papa'u me hemolytic, me te paitini ki kararehe matao-toto. E wehea saponins ki triterpenoid me te pūtaiaki. E kitea ratou i roto i te kakau, rau, puawai, pakiaka, me hua o te tipu. Enei rauemi ngā o te warowaihā me te aglycon.

Whakamārama me te āhuatanga

Tetahi saponin i maha ngā āhuatanga nei āhuatanga, pai te mana nui i runga i kaiao koiora. Tenei taonga ai hemolysis me ngā puka cholesterol (no o tenei anga ngaro ona erythrocytes semipermeable). saponins Mahi arata'i ki te tomo ki o pūtoto i roto i te toto. Nā ki tenei pānga i roto i nga kararehe matao-matao aukati pihapiha.

He tokomaha kaiao e patua e te paihana, taratahi nei te saponins. He aha te mea te reira? He amorphous ranei tioata taonga kowhai hygroscopic (taekore ranei) ēnei pūhui. Hoki saponin āhuatanga e rewa waiariki tiketike, me te whāwehe. E nehenehe o tukupu ratou te mānukanuka mata, e tika ana ki nei na roto i te oioi o ratou wairewa waiwai hanga pahuka i pūmau nui. I roto i te chloroform, benzene me diethyl'Eta siponiny rewa. He rerekē ki te wai, te waihā me te methanol te āhuatanga. I roto i enei whakarewa hydrophilic saponins wairewa i roto i te take o te tiketike monosoharidov ihirangi roto ratou rāpoi ngota.

Tauira o te saponin i roto i te natura

Matara i te hapu kotahi o te tipu i roto i saponins. kaipūtaiao Tapeke i pā ana ki 40 o enei rōpū momo. Ko te pūtau o taua tipu Kei roto saponins rewa. He aha te mea te reira? Nuinga o ngā wā i tēnei wāhanga o te hanganga matū o ngā tipu raro,. He āhuatanga saponins Triterpene Caryophyllaceae, Araliaceae, ngā rekiumu, polemoniaceae, polygalaceae, hippocastanoideae, Rosaceae me t. D. Kei te whānui tohaina te reira i tipu pērā i licorice, ranei ginseng, hei tauira, Aralia.

Steroidal saponins he wahi o nga otaota no ki te rengarenga whānau, figwort, agave, dioscoreaceae me pera. I. Tenei rōpū ngā sarsaparil, foxglove me Dioscorea.

Te mea faahiahia, ki nga māngai o te otaota taratahi saponins tiaki ratou ki tukumate. Ko te kupu, whakaongaonga glycosides ratou tere o te tupu, te ahotea resistance me te whakapai ake germination. saponin Mā te huri i te hanganga o ngā uhi carotenoid whai wāhi i roto i te ahotakakame. Ka taea te hua te rawa i roto i nga rau, te wahi e kawea ai e te toenga o te tipu. putu Whaihua pūhui e i roto i ngā pūtau motuhake, me te kakau epidermal. I roto i te mutunga, haere reira ki te māngaro, te kawenga mō te whakatö vegetative. hua saponins e i te nui haere auau i roto i te hui o te kino ki te kopa whakato.

Paparetanga me te ihirangi o monosaccharides

saponins koiora i roto i ngā tipu, paparetanga waikawa. Ka taea e ratou te hanga i complexes rāpoi ki lipids, sterols, pūmua me pūhui phenolic. Saponins (atu ïa, ratou wahi warowaihā) i roto i te 1 ki te 11 monosaccharides. Tei runga i te nui o te taonga e pā ana ki te momo ngā: oligozidam, pentozidam, triozidam, biozidam, monozidam.

I roto i te nuinga o te wā i roto i ratou matū pērā i D-xylose, D-kūhuka, D-galactose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose me t. D. taua huānga me ngā saponins. He aha te mea te reira? Monosaccharides - pūhui organic hanga nga mekameka waro e kia branched ai rārangi ranei. Steroidal saponins momo ngā o 1-5 taua huānga, i kia whai tona triterpene 10 atu ara ranei.

Ko te tangohanga o saponins

kawea takanga o saponin i te taketake rauemi raw tūturu i roto i te maha ngā wāhanga. Tuatahi mai i te tangohanga (wāhanga whakawhiti i te totoka ki te wai ki te whakarewa). Na, pure te rauemi hua kei te ka wehea.

Hoki te tangohanga o ngā whakarewa neke whakamahia - te waihā me te mewaro ki ngā nohanga. whakamahia hoki konutai otinga pūhaumāota. I roto i ētahi wā, tangohanga o ngā rauemi mata ki te Etere tukatuka me te waro. Te kore complexes tenei tukanga whakangaromanga taea slozhnorastvorimyh tae atu saponins, pūmua, sterols me pūhui phenolic.

horoi

He tikanga mō te pure i te saponins whiwhi tei runga to ratou hanganga. Hei tauira, kei ruarua wairewa i roto i methanol me ewaro momo neke, me raro tautauā tua o te waihā ranei ki te hanga i te hohenga āhuatanga. He rerekē ki te glycosides te āhuatanga. E Nā ratou i muri i waimehatanga ki te wai, tangohanga waipiro, a kahore e tareka i te wai. Ki te horoi i te saponins triterpene hiahiatia alkali. mahi ano hoki ki runga ki a ratou, hauwaiwaro, diethyl Etere, Ethyl tāpia, isoamyl me butyl waiwaihā.

hāngai Ētahi atu tikanga purenga e i runga i nga āhuatanga o nga saponins hou, tahi ki te tāpia mata konu waihā tote rewa ranei. E decomposed ki runga ki te taenga o taua complexes. He tika taua tikanga i roto i te tikanga ki te hanga i te saponins parakore tino. He aha te mea te reira? Ko tenei te kounga teitei, me te kowaiwai o te poke wāhanga ki te hanganga ōrite.

wehenga chromatographic

Tetahi mea whakato (hei tauira, flavonoids, saponins me t. D.) Hiahia whāwhā tupato. Horoi ratou, i roto i te tua ki te tikanga kua whakaahuatia inaianei nuitia whakamahia wehenga chromatographic. I roto i tenei take, i te whakamahia ngā whakarewa pērā i te waikawa ahetiki, n-waihā pūwaro, chloroform, haukini wai, n-propyl waipiro, te waihā mewaro, me t. D.

I muri tuatahi tukatuka wehenga chromatographic tīmata tauhohenga waikawa - .. waikawa Phosphomolybdic, pentachloride te kakano, etc. Ka rite ki te hua, saponins puka polyenes - conjugated pūhui hamanga. Ka taea te peitatia ratou i roto i te whero me te papura māwhero (i runga i te hanganga o te taonga rānei) ranei.

tono

E whakamahia saponins ki ngā whāinga rerekē. Hei tauira, kua tapiritia ratou ki te kaihoko huka i roto i whakapoko ahi (e tika ana ki te meka i enei matū hanga nui lather). Saponins hoki ngā aukati me rare o te hanganga, te kupu aueue enei mongamonga. Matū i roto i tenei rōpū he āhuatanga emulsifying rerekē, e ratou he wāhanga whai hua o te hopi kia.

E whakamahia saponins i te faaineineraa o te tahi mau inu (hei tauira, pia), me te rare (halvah). E hua ratou rite tāpiringa kai, me te kai. Kei te whakamahia hoki ratou i roto i ngā wāhi hauora (sedatives, haeana, expectorants, kano, me te pera i runga i. D.). Ahakoa te painga haumanu, saponins hoki o tona tāoke, hiahiatia tūpato te ka whakamahi i.

Ko te whakamahi o te Pūtaiao

Saponins, licorice kua roa kua mohiotia hoki tona mahi anti-mate pāwera, me te anti-inflammatory. hāngai ana i runga i enei formulations kia he paura, he tirikara wāhanga ranei. Liquorice - te pūtake o te pire. Kei te tapiritia te reira ki te whakapai ake i te reka o ngā rongoā me te raau taero. whakamahia licorice te i roto i te take o te mate viral o te kiri, me nga okana taihemahema, me te toetoe.

Ko te whai hua tino i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te Pūtaiao whakaaro te wahi o te waikawa me te glycyrrhizin nga saponins glycyrrhetinic. I runga i a ratou e hanga teuteu ki te āwhina i roto i te whawhai ki te huangō. Ko tētahi atu wāhanga whai hua - flavonoid. Enei pūhui he wahi flakarbina me likiritona matou nga antiulcer, antisecretory, anti-inflammatory me te pānga spasmolytic. E whakamahia ēnei taero mō te whewhe pekitīlia me duodenal gastritis ranei.

mohiotia te pānga painga o te ginseng te i roto i te Te Tai Rāwhiti mō te mano o nga tau, kua riro te wahi i tenei whakato te tarukino rongonui, me te te taipe i huaina te "pakiaka o te ora". I roto i China ko Korea, kua whakamahia te reira i roto i tunu. pakiaka Ginseng i te toniki me pānga whakaongaonga, e whakamahia ratou rite te adaptogen. Funds i runga i te pūtake o ēnei tauhohenga e whakamahia i roto i te maimoatanga o repe adrenal. Ko te kukū o saponins i roto i te ginseng tae te mōrahi ki runga ki pa i te tau o ono tipu.

Ko te pānga i runga i te tinana tangata

Ka rite ki pāhare, saponins i te pānga i runga i te hauora tangata. A, no te whakanohoia i roto i te kōhao-waha kiriuhi mucous o te ihu, me te kanohi ritenga meinga ratou ranei. He secretion rahi o repe, e tauturu kia whakakahoretia o hūpē me tauturu bronchi. Heoi, kia nui te kukū o saponin ki te tinana tangata. I roto i tenei take, i reira he ritenga o te whekau, me te puku. Ko te pānga paitini o enei matū arata'i ki ruaki, whakapairuaki, whanoke me te korere.

He whai hua rite āpiha e ai atu rongoa hohoro riro ki te tinana tangata saponins. Tei ratou pānga i runga i te tipu motuhake. Haunga nga pānga kua whakahuatia, kia whai ratou anti-whewhe, wāhine ngawari, adaptogenic, kortikotropny me te pānga diuretic.

rauemi raw

Ko tētahi o nga puna tino auau o te rauemi raw mo te wehe o saponins he Aralia Manchurian. Ko te teitei rakau iti, me te nohopuku-tipu i 3 ki te 6 mita tenei. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira na roto i te pūnaha pakiaka ausia me te rite noa ki te nikau. He noa te tipu i roto i te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti o Russia, tae atu Khabarovsk, Territory Primorsky me te Amur Region.

E kitea saponins i te pakiaka o Aralia. A, no te e whakamahia ratou tipu hauhake 5 pakeke ki te 15 tau. Pakiaka hauhake i roto i te ngahuru ranei i roto i te puna i mua i korōria rau. keria ratou ki crowbars me koko pungarehu. Na, e hiahiatia ana whakamaroke te, Kei te tino maha kawea te reira i roto i roto i dryers motuhake, i roto i nei te pāmahana tae 60 ° C. Pa'epa'e ora o taua rauemi raw ko e toru nga tau.